US2351492A - Method and apparatus for treating paper stock - Google Patents

Method and apparatus for treating paper stock Download PDF

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Publication number
US2351492A
US2351492A US314107A US31410740A US2351492A US 2351492 A US2351492 A US 2351492A US 314107 A US314107 A US 314107A US 31410740 A US31410740 A US 31410740A US 2351492 A US2351492 A US 2351492A
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Prior art keywords
stock
disk
impeller
vanes
tank
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US314107A
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English (en)
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Cowles Edwin
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COWLES CO
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COWLES CO
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Priority to US314107A priority Critical patent/US2351492A/en
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Publication of US2351492A publication Critical patent/US2351492A/en
Priority to BE469667A priority patent/BE469667A/fr
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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21D—TREATMENT OF THE MATERIALS BEFORE PASSING TO THE PAPER-MAKING MACHINE
    • D21D1/00—Methods of beating or refining; Beaters of the Hollander type
    • D21D1/20—Methods of refining
    • D21D1/32—Hammer mills
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21B—FIBROUS RAW MATERIALS OR THEIR MECHANICAL TREATMENT
    • D21B1/00—Fibrous raw materials or their mechanical treatment
    • D21B1/04—Fibrous raw materials or their mechanical treatment by dividing raw materials into small particles, e.g. fibres
    • D21B1/12—Fibrous raw materials or their mechanical treatment by dividing raw materials into small particles, e.g. fibres by wet methods, by the use of steam
    • D21B1/30—Defibrating by other means
    • D21B1/34—Kneading or mixing; Pulpers
    • D21B1/345—Pulpers

Definitions

  • This invention relates to methods and apparatus for treatingv paper stock, and pertains more particularly to method and apparatus for deilbering, rening and otherwise preparing paper stock for use on paper making machines.
  • Patent No. 2,219,571 issued October 29, 1940, I described a different form of apparatus utilizing the principle of my aforementioned patent.
  • a nozzle havsheet such as a relatively thin annular disk.
  • the desired refining and deberlng action takes place along the surfaces of the body of stock which is moving at high velocity, i. e. along the areas where there is a great diil'erential in velocity.
  • the stock is discharged from a nozzle having a circular aperture, the refining and deiibering action occurs along a cylindrical or conical surface, but the stock within the cylinder or cone receives little or no rening or deilbering effect, since the stock within the cylinder or cone moves along, until its energy is spent, without being subjected to the tearing eiect which occurs at the surface of the cylinder or cone.
  • I also combine the purely hydraulic refining and debering action described above with what mayv be called a mechanical refining and deilbering action.
  • I provide the impeller vaneswith knife edges, inclined, as hereinafter explained, to engage the ilbers so that they slide or roll along said edge and thereby receive a mechanical rubbing action.
  • This action taking place at a point where the stock is being accelerl ated by the vanes for discharge at high velocity is particularly effective, and combined with the hydraulic action previously described provides an extremely eilicient deilbering and rening action.
  • Figure 1 is a vertical sectional view.
  • Figure 21 s a plan view of a portion oi the imer.
  • Figure 3 is a side elevation of one of the inner impeller vanes.
  • Figure 4 is a top plan view of one ofthe outer impeller vanes.
  • Figure 5 is a side elevation of the same.
  • Figure 6 is a vertical section through the impeller.
  • a sloping surface directs the stockdischarged from the impeller, as hereinafter explained, upwardly along the side walls of the tank and as sists in maintaining circulation in the stock contained in the tank as indicated by arrows in Figure l.
  • fixed directional vanes 5 may be embedded in the concrete to direct the stock which ls discharged from the impeller inan upward direction and to restrain to some extent the circulation in a horizontal plane.
  • An impeller in the form of a disk i0, is mountedin the chamber 3, andmay be rotated in any suitable manner, as by pulley ii, driven by motor I2, operating through-suitable reduction gears (not shown) mounted in the housing i3.
  • the impeller disk is provided with a multiplicity of impeller vanes I4 mounted adjacent the rim of the disk, said vanes projecting ,upwardly from the upper lsuri'ace of the disk.
  • the said vvanes may be secured to the disk in any suitable manner, but in the embodiment illustrated, the 4vsuzies are secured, as by welding, to a ring I5 which is set into a groove IG formed in the disk, which said ring is held in place by screws i1.
  • the impeller is of the open type, being distinguished from the closed type impellers by the absence of any enclosures, hoods, shrouds, passages or the like which are commonly used to increase the efdciency of impellers employed for pumping or circulating purposes, but which are ⁇ wholly unsuited for deflbering paper stock.
  • the advancing face i of each vane is inclined to the surface of the disk, and in cases where the mechanical action referred to is desired, 'the face is slotted to receive a blade I 9 having a knife -edge 20.
  • the knife edge is also inclined to the surfaceV of the disk at an angle such that the bers engaged thereby roll and slide along the edge.
  • the angle of inclination should preferably not exceed 30 and is preferably somewhat less, as for example, the angle illustrated in the drawings is approximately 18.
  • the lower edge .of the blade is provided with a hook portion 2
  • the trailing end of the blade I9 extends somewhat beyond the end of the inclined face of the vane and terminates in a point 23'which has a picking action on large pieces of solid material which may be introduced into the tank.
  • a multiplicity of such edges and points, acting successively on a large piece of solid material, operate in the manner of a saw to rapidly reduce such pieces to smaller size.
  • 'I'he height of the varies above the surface of the disk is small relative to the diameter of the disk at the circumference which intersects the mid point of said vanes, and should not exceed a ratio of 1 to 30.
  • a disk having a diameter of the height of the vanes should not exceed 2", and should preferably be about 1%". so that the disk of stock discharged from ⁇ the impeller will be relatively thin.
  • the impeller should be rotated at a rate sufilcient to discharge the stock at the rim of the locities, as for example,
  • a vat or tank i is impeller at a velocity of at least 1000 ft. per minute and in some cases at considerably higher vebetween 1,000 and 2,000 ft. per minute, the particular velocity selected in excess of 1000 ft. per minute depending on the toughness of the stock being treated.
  • the term ocity is defined as comprehending veexcess of 1000 ft. per minute, for tests wn that while some deflbering action may be oduced at lower velocities, it is not possible to produce completely debered stock within the limits of practical operation.
  • the preferred type of circulation is that which is in the nature of a vortex or whirlpool comprising circulation in both horizontal and vertical planes. It has previously been stated that the sloping sections 4 of the bottom ofthe tank contribute to this result in directing the stock discharged from the impeller upwardly along the sides of the tank, and it-has also been pointed out that excessive circulation in the horizontal plane may be restrained by fixed directional vanes 5.
  • the diameter of the impeller should be greater than one fourth and less than one half the diameter of the tank.
  • vanes 25 which are also mounted on the upper face of the impeller disk between the vanes Il and the center of rotation of the impeller.
  • the advancing face 20 of the vanes 25 may be inclined to the face of the disk, as shown, to prevent pieces of stock from stapling thereon.
  • the said vanes 25 initially accelerate the stock at the center of the impeller and move it toward the vanes Il which additionally accelerate it and discharge it in disk form as previously described. Since the vanes 25 continually move stock away from the center oi' the impeller, thus drawing stock down centrally from the-top of the tank, they assist greatly in maintaining the Vertical. circulation which has been found so deiihering action proceeds highly useful in the operation of this apparatus.
  • the vortical cavity may extend all the way down-to the impeller, so that the impeller may be seen from the top of the tank.”V As the consistency increases the depth of the cavity may decrease, but the vortical circulation continues. so that the undebered portions of the stock, frequently in pieces of large sizewhich otherwise tend to float on the surface, are drawn down into the vortex and are immediately subjected to the deflbering action of the impeller.
  • This feature of the invention permits a method of operation hitherto unknown in the preparation of paper stock.
  • the ordinary breaker beater for example, it is necessary to feed in the solid material slowly in small batches allowing each batch to be partially debered before introducing additional batches. Otherwise the machine becomes clogged or jammed and must be shut down. Considerable time is thus consumed in merely charging the machine, after which additional treating time is required.
  • the entire charge of solid material may be irftroduced at one time at the beginning oi' the operation when the consistencyis at its lowest point and the vortical action is at its maximum effectiveness. Thus. at the beginning of an operation, the required amount of water is introduced into the tank.
  • the machine particularly illustrated and described herein is intended for batch operation, but it will be understood that it may be combined with devices such as illustrated in my copending application Serial No. 267,804 which permit continuous withdrawal of debered material 4 from the chamber 3, and consequently, continuous operation of the machine.
  • the chamber 3 which surrounds the impeller is provided with two drain pipes 28 and 28', controlled by valves 29 and 29' which may, o
  • and 3i' are provided for iiushing out the chamber 3 after the contents of the tank have been discharged.
  • the method of pulping paper stock in batches which comprises introducing the required amount of water into a tank, introducing the entire charge of fibrous, material required to produce the desired batch consistency into said tank at one time, and maintaining a vortical circulation with a hollow core in said tank whereby iloating solid material is submerged by the action of the vortex.
  • the method of pulping paper stock in batches which comprises introducing the required amount of water into a tank, introducing a charge of solid fibrous material into said tank at one time, said charge being sufcient to produce a stock consistency in excess of 3% in the finished stock, and maintaining a v'ortical circulations with a hollow core in said tank whereby floating solid material is submerged by the action of the vortex.
  • the method of pulping paper stock in batches which comprises introducing the required amount of water into a tank, introducing the entire charge of brous material required to produce the desired batch consistency into said tank at one time, maintaining a vortical circulation with a hollow core in said tank whereby floating solid material is submerged by the action of the vortex, and subjecting the solid iibrous material to debering action at the bottpm of said vortex.
  • Apparatus of the character described comprising, in combination, a tank containing stock -to be treated, an impeller disk mounted for rotation in said tank, said impeller having a plurality of vanes offset from its surface and freely exposed to the stock in said tank, said vanes being located substantiallyv at the periphery of said disk, the ratio of the height of said vanes to the diameter of the disk being less than one to thirty, whereby when said impeller disk is rotated at high speed, a thin disk of high velocity stock is discharged in a direction substantially at right angles to the axis of rotation of said disk.
  • Apparatus of the character described comprising, in combination, a tank containing stock t0 be treated, an impeller disk mounted for rotation in said tank, said impeller having a plurality of vanes offset from its surface and freely exposed to the stock in said tank, the ratio of the height of said vanes to the diameter of said disk at the circumference which intersects the mid point of said vanes being less than one to thirty, whereby when saidv impeller disk is rotated at high speed, a thin disk of high velocity stock is discharged in a direction substantially at right angles to the axis of rotation of said disk.
  • Apparatus of the character described com prising, in combination, a tank containing stock to be treated, an impeller disk mounted for rotation in said tank, said impeller having a plurality of varies offset from its surface and freely exposed to the stock in said tank, said vanes having impelling surfaces substantially perpendicular to the surface of said disk but inclined to a radius of the disk passing therethrough, the ratio of the height of said varies to the diameter of said disk at the circumference Where the Vmid point of said vanes is located being less than one to thirty, whereby when said impeller disk is rotated at high speed, a thin disk of high velocity stock is discharged in a direction substantially at right angles to the axis of rotation of said disk.
  • Apparatus of the character described comprising, in combination, a tank containing stock to be treated, an impeller disk mounted for rotation in said tank, said impeller disk having a plurality of vanes oifset from its surface and freely exposed to the stock in the tank, the ratio of the height of said vanes to the diameter of said disk at the circumference where the mid point of said vanes is located being less than one to thirty, whereby when said impeller disk is rotated at high speed, a thin disk of high velocity stock is discharged in a direction substantially at right angles to the axis of rotation ofsaid disk, said impeller disk also 'being provided with additional vanes located inwardly of saidilrst named vanes, said additional vanes being adapted to move stock outwardly toward said nrst named vanes.
  • impeller disk mounted for rotation on a vertical axis in said tank, said impeller disk having a plurality of vanes oilset from its surface and freely exposed to the stock in the tank, said vanes being relatively shallow and located substantially at the periphery of the disk, the ratio of the height of said'vanes to the diameter of the disk being less than one' to thirty.
  • Apparatus of the character described comprising, in combination, a tank containing stock to be treated, an impeller disk in the bottom 'of said tank and mounted for rotation on a vertical axis, said disk being provided with a plurality of vanes upon its upper surface and freely exposed on the upper side to the stock in said tank, said vanes being relatively shallow and located substantially at the periphery of the disk, the ratio of the height of said vanes to the diameter of the disk being less than one to thirty, 'whereby when said impeller disk is rotated at high speed a thin disk of high velocity stock is discharged in a direction at right angles to the axis of rotation of said disk, and a vortical circulation is induced with a hollow core of sumcient depth to feed material from the sur-l face of the stock to the central upper surface of said impeller.
  • Apparatus of the character described comprising, in combination, a tank, an impeller disk in the bottom o f said tank and mounted for rotation on a vertical axis, said disk being provided with inner and outer sets of vanes upo'n its upper surface and freely exposed on the upper side to the stock in said tank, said outer vanes being relatively shallow and located substantially at the periphery of the disk, the ratio of the height o! said vanes to the diameter of the disk being less than one to thirty, and said inner vanes being adapted to move stock outwardly toward said outer vanes.
  • vanes being so constructed and arranged that when said impeller disk is rotated at high speed a thin disk of high velocity stock is discharged in a direction at right angles to the axis of rotation of said disk, and a vortical circulation is induced with a hollow core of sumcient depth to feed ma-v teal from the surface of the stock to the central upper surface of said impeller.
  • the method of pulping paper stock which comprises. discharging an annular disk of' stock in a substantially horizontal direction through a surrounding body of stock, maintaining a vortical circulation of the body of stock above said disk of stock with a hollow core leading downward from the surface of the stock to the center of said discharged disk of stock, so that floatingfibrous material may be submerged by the action of said vortex, and subjecting the same at the bottom of the vortex to the deibering action of the discharged disk of stock.

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
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US314107A 1940-01-15 1940-01-15 Method and apparatus for treating paper stock Expired - Lifetime US2351492A (en)

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US314107A US2351492A (en) 1940-01-15 1940-01-15 Method and apparatus for treating paper stock
BE469667A BE469667A (lt) 1940-01-15 1946-12-05

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Cited By (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2557174A (en) * 1949-01-26 1951-06-19 Cowles Co Apparatus for pulping paper stock
US2592215A (en) * 1945-07-04 1952-04-08 Wandel Kurt Apparatus for subjecting materials to a disintegrating or pulping treatment
US2631728A (en) * 1946-10-22 1953-03-17 Lee W Popp Separation of solids from fluids
US2654294A (en) * 1950-08-22 1953-10-06 Morden Machines Company Pulp shredding and treating machine
US2764011A (en) * 1953-09-11 1956-09-25 Kamyr Ab Bleaching tower with mixing device
DE1048151B (de) * 1954-12-01 1958-12-31 Otto Imset Pumpe fuer Papierbrei
US2912174A (en) * 1950-09-30 1959-11-10 Rachel Bidwell Method and apparatus for the treatment of paper stocks
US2966313A (en) * 1958-03-05 1960-12-27 Kalamazoo Ind Services Inc Device for pulping fibers
US3073535A (en) * 1960-03-24 1963-01-15 Black Clawson Co Paper machinery
US4621507A (en) * 1984-04-02 1986-11-11 Kamyr Ab Distributing device for suspensions
CN104358173A (zh) * 2014-12-04 2015-02-18 王秉华 水力碎浆机碎浆装置

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE10205239A1 (de) * 2002-02-08 2003-08-21 Voith Paper Patent Gmbh Verfahren zur Auskleidung von zur Aufbereitung von Altpapier bestimmten verschleißgefährdeten Apparaten

Cited By (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2592215A (en) * 1945-07-04 1952-04-08 Wandel Kurt Apparatus for subjecting materials to a disintegrating or pulping treatment
US2631728A (en) * 1946-10-22 1953-03-17 Lee W Popp Separation of solids from fluids
US2557174A (en) * 1949-01-26 1951-06-19 Cowles Co Apparatus for pulping paper stock
US2654294A (en) * 1950-08-22 1953-10-06 Morden Machines Company Pulp shredding and treating machine
US2912174A (en) * 1950-09-30 1959-11-10 Rachel Bidwell Method and apparatus for the treatment of paper stocks
US2764011A (en) * 1953-09-11 1956-09-25 Kamyr Ab Bleaching tower with mixing device
DE1048151B (de) * 1954-12-01 1958-12-31 Otto Imset Pumpe fuer Papierbrei
US2966313A (en) * 1958-03-05 1960-12-27 Kalamazoo Ind Services Inc Device for pulping fibers
US3073535A (en) * 1960-03-24 1963-01-15 Black Clawson Co Paper machinery
US4621507A (en) * 1984-04-02 1986-11-11 Kamyr Ab Distributing device for suspensions
CN104358173A (zh) * 2014-12-04 2015-02-18 王秉华 水力碎浆机碎浆装置

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BE469667A (lt) 1947-01-31

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