US2349034A - Machine for making wood wool - Google Patents

Description

y 1944- 1 A. ELMENDORF 2,349,034

' MACHINE FOR MAKING WOOD WOOL I Filed Sept. 8, 1941 5 Sheets-Sheet l Wag/(x071 y 16, 1944- A. ELMENDORF 2,349,034

I MACHINE FOR MAKING WOOD WOOL Filed Sept. 8, 1941 5 Sheets-Sheet 2 y 16, 4 A. ELMENDORF 2,349,034

MACHINE FOR MAKING WOOD WOOL Filed Sept. 8, 1941 r 5 Sheets-Sheet 5 May 16, 1944. A. ELMENDORF MACHINE FOR MAKING WOOD WOOL Filed Sept. 8, 1941 5 Sheets-Sheet 4 i W J l /&

fifenforr y 1944. A. ELMENDORF 2,349,034

MACHINE FOR MAKING WOOD WOOL Filed Sept. 8, 1941 5 Sheets-Sheet 5 F I JQ jzz/nfor;

Patented May 16, 1944 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE MACHINE FOR MAKING WOOD WOOL Armin Elmendorf, Winnetka, Ill. Application September 8, 1941, Serial No. 409,941

8 Claims.

The present invention has for its primary obiect to produce a machine for rapidly transforming wood blocks or small logs into shreds or filaments, especially very fine ones that are less than two one-hundredths of an inch wide or thick.

A further object of the present invention. is to produce a simple and novel form of cutter for use in the aforesaid machine, which shall be highly emcient, durable and be easily sharpened when necessary.

A further object of the presentinvention is to produce a cutter which will cause the shreds or filaments to curl as they are formed and thus collect in a fiufiy mass or body as they drop down from the cutter.

Generally speaking, therefore, the present invention may be said to have for its object to make possible the production of what may be termed wood wool, rapidly, at a low cost, and in very large volume, if desired.

The principal features of my invention are a novel cutting means and means for holding small logs or blocks of wood and producing relative movements between the cutting means and the wood in a direction to cause the shreds or filaments to be cut away from the same face or side of the wood until only a thin slab remains. Thus, no manual operations are required to turn or otherwise adjust a log during the process of disintegration, and the thin slab that remains after 7 the shredding has gone as far as it is practicable to go represents muchless waste of wood .than does the compartively large core that is left in the old excelsior-manufacturing process which involves the turning of the log or block to present I new faces, from time to time, to the cutters.

It may therefore be said that one of the objects of the present invention is greatly to reduce Figure 1 is a top plan view of a machine embodying the present invention, only a fragment being shown in full lines and the remainder being outlined in broken lines; Fig. 2 is a fragmentary view, illustrating both ends of a part of a log or block and blade-like holding elements partly driven into the same; Fig. 3 is a vertical section through the machine illustrated in Fig. 1; Fig. 4 is a sectional view, on a much larger scale than Fig. 3, showing, in greater detail, a fragment of the machine as it appears at the extreme righthand side in Fig. 3; Fig. 5is an elevational view of a fragment of a stationary frame structure and the edge of the rotatable table, looking toward the left from the right of Fig. 4; Fig. 6 is a vertical section on a plane at right angles to a radius of the rotating table, through one of the box-like holders for the blocks or short logs, together with the underlying position of the table; Fig. 7 is a top plan view of that part of the machine appearing in Fig. 6; Fig. 8 is a section taken approximately on line 8-8 of Fig. 6, fragments of both end walls of the box-like holder being broken away to disclose log-gripping blades at opposite ends of the holder; Fig. 9 is a perspective view of one of the sections of the ring-like auxiliary table top; Fig. 10 is a top plan view of one of the individual cutters, a series of which are attached to each of the auxiliary table top sections; Fig. 11 is an end view of the cutter shown in Fig. 10, looking at the toothed end; and Fig. 12 is a view of that edge face of the blade which is at the bottom edge as viewed in Fig. 10.

My new cutting blade is illustrated in Figs. 10, 11 and 12. It consists of a long, flat piece of steel l of considerable thickness rectangular in cross section. One end of the blade, as indicated at 2, is bevelled in the manner of a chised, the face 2 making an acute angle with the upper face of the blade. In the upper face of the blade are a series of fairly deep grooves 3, of uniform depth, extending inwardly or rearwardly for a considerable distance through the front end or edge. The cutting is done by the ends of the ribs separating the grooves. When the grooves are rectangular in cross section, as has heretofore been the case, the section of the ribs is also rectangular, providing fairly long cutting edges in the plane of the bevelled face of the tool. In this old type of tool the teeth, as they may be called, break off upon striking hard knots, necessitating frequent sharpening of the tool and causing considerable waste of tool steel because of the large amount of metal that must be ground off simply because a single tooth has been broken. I have found that such breakage is prvented and that it is much easier to cut with such a tool by sloping the sides 4 of the grooves and placing the grooves close together to cause the near sides of adjacent grooves to meet in the upper face of the tool; each rib or ridgebeing, therefore, triangular in cross section and having only two cutting edges 6 arranged in the form of a V the apex 5 of which lies in the plane of the upper face of the tool. The bottoms of the grooves or valleys are preferably of considerable width.

It will be seen that if one of my blades is substituted for the blade in a plane, and the latter' is pressed against a piece of wood, the points 5, even though they be rounded somewhat, enable the teeth .or cutting elements readily to penetrate the wood and easily to drive through the same. Upon encountering a knot, the load comes gradually upon each tooth as a whole, the pointed end of the tooth being strongly backed by a progressively widening base and, therefore, the teeth are not easily broken. Filaments or strands of very small cross sectional areas, running in the general direction of the grain of a piece of wood, may therefore be cut easily and neatly and with a minimum amount of wear on the tool. A characteristic .of the filaments or strands is that they curl up as they are produced.

In accordance with my invention, I form what may be regarded as a circular plane, containing a considerable number of radially-disposed blades distributed entirely around the circle, and provide means for holding small logs or-blocks in contact with and feeding them toward the face of the plane While producing relative rotation between the holders and the plane.

In the arrangement shown, there is a horizontal table I in the form of a wide, fiat annular plate overlying and fastened to a large gear wheel 8 rotatably supported by a suitable stationary pedestal 9. As best shown in Figs. 6 and 7, the table contains a series of large radial windows l distributed around the same. Secured above and spaced apart from the table 1 is an annular ring composed of individual radial sections II that form the face with which the wood to be worked engages; these sections being of such size and shape and being so disposed that narrow radial gaps l2 are left between consecutive ring sections, one above each window.

The ring sections II are detachable and serve as holders for the cutters. It is advisable that the individual cutter blades be fairly narrow for purposes of manufacture, sharpening, installation and replacement, whereas the width of a gang of little radially-arranged cutting elements should be much greater. In the arrangement shown, the blades are arranged in groups of seven and placed edge to edge, although any greater or lesser number may be employed. The ring sections H are simply thick flat slabs, whereas the cutting blades must stand at an acute angle to the upper faces of these members. Therefore, as best shown in Fig. 9, the leading edge of each ring section is bevelled downwardly and inwardly except at the extreme ends, as indicated at M, to provide a bearing seat for a group of seven blades placed edge to edge and to cause the blades to stand at the proper angle to the horizontal. Each cutter is preferably held in place independently of the others, to facilitate assembly and removal and replacement of individual cutters. Each cutter therefore has a wide central slot l5 extending through the rear end thereof almost to the rear ends of the grooves 3, and each ring section has extending through its sloping face 14 a group of screw-threaded holes l6 equal in number to the number of cutters. As best shown in Fig. 6, each cutter is held in place by means of a little rigid shoe or clamp element ll between which and the sloping face of the supporting member H the cutter lies; there being a sturdy screw l8 extending through the shoe or clamp and into one of the screw-threaded holes It. It will be seen that upon loosening one of the screws I8, the corresponding cutter may be removed without separating the screw from the ring section.

It will be seen that the action of a cutter is to remove strands or filaments of wood from the block or log, leaving little grooves separated by unmutilated portions of the wood. Therefore, in 15 order to separate into filaments all of the wood in a layer of given thickness across the entire face of the block or log, a plurality of gangs of cutting elements, following one after the other and tracking differently from each other, are required. For example, should the distance between grooves left in the wood by a single radial row of cutting elements be eight times as great as the width of the grooves themselves, it would require eight additional gangs of cutting elements, each cutting away one-eighth of the virgin surface, before all of the wood in a single layer were removed. It is therefore desirable that means be provided quickly and accurately to adjust each gang of cutting elements so as to track properly to carry out its part of the work, and to obviate the necessity of making new adjustments whenever a gang of cutting elements is sharpened. To this end I have provided means for accurately adjusting the ring sections radially so as to arrange them in consecutive order in groups each adapted to cut away one complete layer of wood from a block or log; such means permitting the removal and replacement of the ring sections without requiring readjustment in the radial direction.

In the arrangement shown, in order to provide the necessary space between the top of the table and the under side of the sectional ring, I mount the sectional ring on rails l9 and 20 in the form of concentric rings of different diameters mounted on top of the table; these rings underlying the ends of the ring sections. The actual fastening of the ring sections to the rails is accomplished by means of screws 22, one of which passes through a single open-ended slot 24 (see Fig. 9) in one end of a ring section, into one of the rails, while two others extend into the other rail through a pair of open-ended slots 25 in the opposite ends of the ring section. A corner of each ring section is cut away at the end containing the single slot, to provide a transverse shoulder 26 inwardly from the end of the section. In the space thus left above the rail I9 is placed a two-part nut 21 the axis of whose opening is horizontal. A screw 28 extends through this nut and is adapted to abut against the shoulder 26. By screwing the screw 28 farther in or backing it off, the position of the ring section radially of the table can be varied within the required limits. The holding screws 22 do not interfere with these adjustments because they pass through elongated slots in the ring section, instead of through mere holes. After each stop screw has been properly positioned, it may be locked against accidental displacement by clamping the divided nut 21 upon the same. This can conveniently be accomplished by employing a pair of screws 29 to secure the two parts of the nut together and at the same time fasten the nut as a whole to the rail l9. By backing off the nut 25 a 4 little, the grip of the nut on the screw 28 is loosened sufiiciently to permit the screw to be turned without detaching the nut.

When it is necessary to sharpen a group of cutters, all that need be done is to remove the single screw 22 at one end of the ring section carrying those cutters, and loosen the other two screws sufficiently to permit the ring section to be lifted out. After the cutters have been sharpened, the ring section is simply slipped back into place and shifted until one end is in contact with the stop screw. Then the section need only be fastened down by means of the screws 22, with the assurance that the cutting elements are properly located.

The space between ring section and the underlying part of the table 1 between adjacent window openings is preferably closed at both the advance and the trailing ends by metal plates 3| so that little strands or filaments dropping down through the slots l2 in the auxiliary table top will continue their downward movement through the window openings in the table. In order to collect the little strands or filaments, I place underneath the table an annular shelf 32, L-shaped in cross section; one flange of the shelf being vertical and the other horizontal. the axis of the table there may be located a stationary deflector 34 extending across the width of the horizontal portion of the shelf. As successive masses of filaments or wood wool reach this deflector, they are swept off the shelf by the latter and removed in any suitable way.

Since the table must be very true in order to insure uniformity in the cross sectional areas of the filaments, particularly where the filaments are very fine and not a great deal of shifting in the vertical direction on the part of the table would result in very substantial variation in size of the filaments, I have provided an adjustable circular track on which the table may run. As best shown in Figs. 3, 4 and 5, there is secured to the under side of the table I, conveniently just below one of the rails l9 and 29, a track or rail 35 of steel. This track or rail rests upon a series of steel rollers 35 mounted'on rigid uprights 31 of the stationary frame structure surrounding the table. The rollers themselves rotate upon suitable anti-friction bearings 33 each associated with a stub shaft 38 fastened to and projecting from a sturdy plate 39. Each of the plates 39 lies beside and against one of the uprights 37, being fastened thereto by means of several screws Ml extending into the same through vertically-elongated slots All in the upright 31. Upon loosening the screws M, the rollers may be adjusted up or down, as may be necessary, and then be securely locked in their adjusted positions by again tightening the screws.

The machine which I illustrated is adapted to operate upon eight blocks or little logs at a time, although this number may be varied either up or down, as may be desired. The blocks or short logs are adapted to be placed in holders uniformly spaced above the sectional ring. The holders are all alike, the principal element of each being a box-like member t3 opens at the top and bottom and of a length and width slightly greater than the length and diameter, respectively, of a log to be operated upon. Also, I prefer to make each holder deep or high enough to accommodate a plurality of logs or blocks, one above another. These box-like holders are arranged with their long sides tangential to circles touching them and concentric with the table, and each is supported indirectly by one of the standards 31;-the direct support being in the form of a pair of cantilever arms 49 extending inwardly from the upper end standards or columns 31 on opposite sides of the holder. The free ends of the arms 44 have upward extensions 45, and these are all joined together by a sturdy ring-like member 46. As shown in Figs. 6 and 8, if logs of the proper length and diameter are inserted into a holder from above, the first one will come to rest upon the top of the divided ring or what has been termed the face of an annular plane. It will be seen that the lAt any suitable point angularly of I logs are several times longer than the width of one the right causes a plurality of gangs of cuttin elements to bite into the under side of the log and cut therefrom filaments running in the general direction of the grain. When the first log is used the cutters will begin work on the next log, assuming that the holder contained more than one log.

I prefer not to rely upon the weight of the wood alone to create the necessary pressure for proper shredding or filamenting of the wood, and therefore provide means for exerting a downward pressure on any usable wood that may remain in a holder. For example, the upward extensions 45 of the framework may be carried up far enough to permit them to support a fairly long pneumatic cylinder 41 containing a suitable piston, not shown, and a piston rod 48. On the lower end of the piston rod is a presser foot 49 having a. serrated or roughened under face. As shown in Fig. 8, when air under pressure is admitted into the upper end of the cylinder, the presser foot is forced down until it rests on top of the uppermost log A in the holder. As the height of the pile of wood in the holder diminishes, the presser foot follows the wood down and thus maintains suflicient pressure on the wood as long as any remains in a holder to be cut. When the holder is empty, air may be admitted into the lower end of the cylinder, lifting the presser foot above the top of the holder and permitting an additional charge of blocks or logs to be introduced into the holder. The present invention is not concerned with the particular form of pressure means or the manner of controlling it. However, air may be admitted through a supply pipe 50 and a three-way valve 5! into either end of the air cylinder; a branch pipe 52 leading from the valve into the upper end of the cylinder, while a branch pipe 53 extends from the valve into the lower end of the cylinder. It will of course be understood that the description of one holder with its pressure means applies also to all of the other units. Furthermore, the pressure devices may be controlled individually or in any other suitable or desired way.

It is desirable that the logs be held against turning or shifting while being operated upon. For this reason I have provided in each end of the holder 2. number of vertical blades which bite into the ends of a log as it is lowered into the holder and lock it against movements in any direction except vertically. In the arrangement shown, the blades in what may be termed the advance end of the holder are the sharpened flanges of channel-shaped steel members 55 fastened with their bottoms or web portions against the wall of the holder. At the rear end of the holder are a number of vertical blades 56 secured on the lower ends of long bars 5'! arranged on the outside of the holder and hinged thereto at their upper ends, near the top of the holder, as indicated at 58. The blades 53 extend through slots 59 in the rear wall of the holder. Each of the swinging arms or bars 51 is provided with a set screw 69 which engages the rear face of the outer wall of the holder and prevents the blade from swinging in too far. Behind the lower end of each of the blades 55 and embracing the same, is a bracket 6 I. Within this bracket is a compression spring 62 that bears against the rear edge of the blade. The rear end of the spring, in turn, bears against the forward end of a screw 63 that is adjustable forward and rearward in the bracket to increase or decrease the stress on the spring. These springs are strong enough to force the blades 56 against the end of the log in the holder, with considerable pressure and, in turn, to force the forward end of the log firmly against the blades 55. By making the blades at at least one end of the holderyieldable, there is no danger that a log will wedge itself between the two sets of blades and will not drop down to the bottom of the holder when inserted therein, and yet sufficient pressure can be assured on each log to cause it to be gripped tightly enough to prevent rotary or lateral displacement.

In order to facilitate the interlocking engagement of the log ends with the two sets of holding blades, the blades may be cut oil on a bevel at their upper ends, as indicated at 65 and 66, respectively, thereby avoiding contact of either end of the log with an abrupt shoulder.

Although a log cannot usually be completely worked up into filaments in my machine, the amount of waste should always be small and amount to not more than a very thin slab. This slab can be carried ahead underneath the front wall of the box and be brushed ofi" the table by an attendant. It may happen in the case of a log larger at one end than the other that the final slab is wedge-shaped. If such a wedgeshaped element were carried along by the cutters, it might exert great upward pressure on the wall of the box-like holder and cause damage. Accordingly, I have made this wall yieldable in the vertical direction so that it can be pushed up by a wedge driven under it. This wall, as best shown in Figs. 6 and 7, and which is numbered 61, slides up and down in grooves 68 in the box-like member and, as best shown in Fig. 8, is provided at its upper end with lateral projections or ears 69 which rest on top of the body portion of the box-like member when the wall is in its lowered position. Therefore, if a wedge is driven underneath the lower edge of the wall 61, the result will be simply to lift the wall up and permit the wedge to pass.

Another expedient which may be adopted to guard against damage through the presence of wedge-shaped waste pieces is to provide some or all of the holding blades 55 with little prongs at their extreme lower ends; such 2. prong being conveniently formed by simply cutting away a little section of the edge of a blade. When a slab of wood becomes so thin that it touches only the prong element 10 on one of the blades 55, the pressure of the spring 62 will be sufficient to force this prong well into the wood and thus cause the front or advance end to be held up while the thicker rear or trailing end is being cut down to a corresponding thickness.

The machine as a whole may be provided with any suitable base. In the arrangement shown, the base is composed of a group of heavy structural steel beams ll, secured together and radiating from a common center like the spokes of a wheel. Each of the uprights 31 is fixed to and rises from. the free end of one of these beams, whereas the pedestal 9 for the large gear wheel 8 is supported and rises from the center of the base structure.

The table is, of course, caused to be rotated by driving the gear wheel 8 in any suitable way; this being conveniently accomplished by means of a motor or motor-driven member, 13, acting through a speed reducing gearing 12.

In using the machine, the box-like holders are filled with blocks or little peeled logs lying on their sides one on top of another. This is done while the presser feet stand well above the holders. Air is then admitted into the upper ends of the cylinders 41 of the presser devices, thereby forcing the presser feet down and pressing the undermost logs against the rotatable table. The blades 55 and 56, in opposite ends of the holders bite into the ends of the blocks or logs and hold them against turning about their axes or shifting sidewise while being acted upon by the cutters. By making the blades 56 yieldable, bodily, they accommodate themselves to logs difiering somewhat in length. Upon setting the rotatable table in motion the little triangular cutting elements, projecting above the table, sever little filaments from the under faces of the lowermost logs.

The machine illustrated is one of great capacity, there being more than ten times as many sectional radial cutters as there are log holders. Therefore, if the cutters are so adjusted that it requires say a group of eight of them-to cut away a single layer of Wood, more than ten layers are removed from each log during each revolution of the table. Since the thread-like strands or filaments curl up as they are formed, each revolution of the table produces a large fluify mass of filaments or fibers. For this rea-- son, unless the cutting elements are spaced far apart, with wide fiat-bottomed channels between the same, the cutters become clogged and the filaments are not cut cleanly and evenly.

Upon leaving the cutters, the fibers or filaments drop down through the gaps l2 between the ring sections II, and through the windows or openings ID in the table proper, collecting on the circular shelf 32 fixed to the under side of the table. The member 34, overlying the shelf, deflects the fibers or filaments as they reach the same and causes them to fall ofi the shelf.

As each log is consumed there may remain a final thin slab that cannot be satisfactorily shredded. This slab can be carried along by the cutters and pass under the end wall 61 of the corresponding holder; this end wall sliding up under the pressure from below by the slab in case the slab be wedge shaped, thereby to avoid wedging a slab between the holder and the table.

The proper tracking of the cutters is readily effected by means of the stop screws 28 after the fastening screws 22 have been loosened. After an adjustment has once been made it is not disturbed by the removal of a ring section with the cutter, the sharpening of the cutter and the subsequent replacement of the ring section, because the ring section need only be set against the stop screw when returned to its place in the ring.

It will be seen that because of the large diameter of the table, the cutting elements practically follow the grain of the wood in travelling from one end of a log to the other, so that the filaments that are produced are strong and sturdy although of small cross-sectional area and of considerable length. Therefore, the product of the machine, being at the same time cheap, is well adapted, among other things, to the manufacture of the cement fiber board disclosed in my application Serial No. 362,951, filed October 26, 1940, now issued as Patent No. 2,332,703, dated October 26, 1943.

While I have illustrated and described with particularity only a single preferred form of my invention, I do not desire to be limited to the rangements which come within the definitions of my invention constituting the appended-claims.

I claim:

1. A machine for cutting filaments from blocks of wood comprising a table, a series of cutters distributed in a circle upon the table, each cutter having a series of small cutting elements projecting above the table and spaced apart from of a cutter, means to hold blocks of wood in av circular area above and registering with that containing said cutters, means for pressing the blocks against the table, and means to rotate the table and the supporting means for the blocks relatively to each other.

2. A machine 'for cutting filaments from short logs of wood comprising a turntable, a stationary frame structure, said table having a pluralityof large openings therein distributed around the same near the periphery, an auxiliary detachable top for the table comprising a wide flat sectional ring overlying the zone containing said openings, said sections being spaced apart from each other above each of said openings, separate rastenings for each ring section, radial cutter blades secured to the under sides of said ring sections andextending up through the spaces between the sections to a plane slightly above the auxiliary table top, and means .on said frame structure for holding small logs above and pressing them down up on the auxiliary table top while tangential to a circle having its center at the axis of the turntable.

3. A machine for cutting filaments from short logs of wood comprising a turntable provided on the under side, near the periphery, with a circular rail, a stationary 'frame structure, rollers mounted on said frame structure under and in engagement with said rail, said table having a plurality ofv large openings distributed around the same near the periphery, an auxiliary detachable top for the table comprising a wide, fiat sectional ring overlying the zone containing said openings, the sections of the ring being spaced apart from each other above each of said openings, separate I fastenings for each ring section, radial cutterblades secured to the under sides or said ring sections and extending up through the spaces between the sections to a plane slightly above the auxiliary table top, and means on said frame structure tor holding small logs above and pressing them down upon the auxiliary table top while tangential to a circle having its center at the axis of the turntable.

4, A machine for cutting filaments, comprising a horizontal table, a wide fiat ring divided into for producing relative rotary movements between said means and said table.

'5. A machine for cutting filaments from blocks of wood comprising a horizontal table, a series of like cutters distributed in a circle upon the table,

each cutter having numerous small cutting elements projecting slightly above the table in a row radially of said circle, a plurality of stationary holders for blocks of wood in the form of boxes open at the top and at the bottom distributed above the annular area containing said cutters, presser devices mounted above said boxes and each movable down into the corresponding box to press a block in the latter against the table, vertical blade-like elements in opposite ends or each box to bite into the ends of logs therein and hold them against rotation and against side wise movements, and means for rotating said table in a direction to cause said cutting elements to separate small filaments from said blocks as they pass underneath the same.

6. In a machine for cutting filaments from short logs, a rotatable horizontal table, gangs of radially arranged cutting elements on and projecting slightly above the table, stationary holders for logs comprising box-like members open at the top and bottom supported slightly above the area traversed by said cutting elements during the rotation of the table, each holder being slightly longer and slightly wider than the length and diameter of the logs and having its long side walls extending in directions tangent to circles described about the axis of rotation of the table, that end wall of each holder which is the last to be approached by a gang of cutters travelling underneath the holder being yieldable in the upward direction, vertical blades fixed to and projecting inwardly from the said yieldable end wall, and vertical spring-pressed blades carried by the other end wall of each holder and projecting into the log-receiving space in the holder.

7. In a machine for cutting filaments from short logs, a rotatable horizontal table, gangs of radially arranged cutting elements on and projecting slightly above the table, stationary holders for logs comprising box-like members open at the top and bottom supported slightly above the area traversed by said cutting elements duringthe rotation of the table, each holder being slightly longer and slightly wider than the length and diameter of the logs and having its long side walls extending in directions tangent to circles described about the axis of rotation 01 the table, that" end wall 01 each holder which is the last to be approached by a gang of cutters travelling underneath the holder being yieldable in the upward direction. vertical blades fixed to and projectinginwardly from the said yieldable end wall, at least one or the aforesaid blades having at the lower end a log-engaging prong, and vertical spring-pressed blades carried by the other end wall or each holder and projecting into the logreceiving space in the holder.

8. In a machine of the character described, a

table, a series of fiat slabs above the table, a gang of narrow cutter blades arranged edge to edge against one long edge face or each slab, means 'to secure each blade separately to the corresponding slab with its cutting edge projecting for an adjustable distance above the upper race of the slab, and means to secure each slab to the table in fixed-spacedrehtion thereto and'in adjustable relation in the direction of the length of the cutting edges of the cutter blades mounted on the slab.

" ARMIN RP.

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