US2343705A - Electric razor - Google Patents

Description

March 7, 1944. J. H. RAND, JR 2,343,705

ELECTRIC RAZOR Filed Dec. 23, 1939 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 FIG. 2

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l L iNVENTOR JAMES H. RAND JR.

Marcfi 7, 1944. J, 1-| RAND, JR;

ELECTRIC RAZOR Filed Dec. 23, 1939 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 FIG. 5

NVENTOR JAMES H. RAND JR v BY ATTRNEY Patented Mar. 7, 1944 ELECTRIC nazon James H. Rand, Jr., Stamford, Conn., assignor to Remington Rand Inc., Buil'alo, N. Y., a corporation of Delaware Application December 23, 1939, Serial No. 310,792

3 Claims.

This invention relates to improvements in mechanical razors, in which two or more individual shearing heads are utilized.

Heretofore razors have been provided with a shearing head comprising .a plurality of shear plates formed in a unitary structure, the inner cutter also being formed in one piece, with cutter bars for each shearing surface. This form of razor was found to beinefllcient and expensive to manufacture, due to the minute exactness required to provide a correct shearing action between the inner and outer cutters. Also, it was very dii'flcult to adjust and keep in adjustment the inner cutter with respect to the shear plate.

It is, therefore, the principal object of this --tion to produce a multiple head shaving device,

comprising two or more independent and individually replaceable shearing heads operated by a common niotive device.

Another object is to provide a multiple-head shaving device having a hair tripping element located independently of and between the shearing heads.

The invention comprehends the provision of a shaver construction having a casing formed to provide a compartment open at one side to receive the motor, while one end of the casing is provided with a head supporting section constructed to receive a plurality of independent and individually replaceable shearing or shaving heads so arranged that they will cooperate simultaneously in shaving and are all operated from the motor in said compartment.

A more clear conception of the operation, construction, and further objects of the invention may be had from the following specification when taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which Fig. 1 is a vertical side elevation of a razor showing the invention;

Fig. 2 is a top plan view of Fig. 1 slightly en- The detailed advantages of the construction disclosed herein will be best appreciated after a discussion of the details of the structure embodied-therein. For thisreason reference to the advantages will be deferred until later.

In the structure of Figs. 1 to 5, inclusive, the housing which provides a handle for holding the device and manipulating it, and enclosing the operating mechanism, ismoulded, orotherwise formed, of suitable material so as to comprise the main body portion or casing I and the removable cover 2. These assembled parts are shaped to conform to the hand, and, at the upper end, is provided a pair of transverse grooves, in which the shearing heads are removably mounted.

The upper end of casing I, as illustrated in the drawings, is formed to provide a head supporting structure la that extends beyond the end of cover 2. It .is this portion of the casing that is provided with the transverse grooves or channels to receive the shearing head. The drawings illustrate the shaver as having the casing formed with two spaced channels for receiving two shearing heads. Between the channels head supporting section la is formed with a spacer member I b, while the side portions of section to at the opposite sides of the channels areenlarged to form ribs lc in order to provide adequate strength in the head supporting section for efficiently mounting and carrying a plurality of shaver heads. The outer faces of ribs to are tapered or inclined as indicated at Id toward the free end of head supporting section to so that the side portions of the casing will not interfere with the use of the shaver head in the shaving operation. The ribbed portions lc of head supporting section la of the casing provide a pair of oppositely arranged jaw members that cooperate to receive the shaver heads therebetween so that screws 4 carried thereby form a retaining means operable in such a manner that they have a clamping action through cooperative movement of screws 4 toward each other to rigidly clamp the plurality of shaver heads between the jaws for rigid support on the casing These retaining elements 4 provide a plurality of retaining means or elements independently engaging the several shaver heads for effectively retaining them in the channel structure andat the same time providing for interchanging each head with the other, as well as providing for the replacement of any head in a convenient manner.

'The motor comprises a U-shaped core 5, preferably built up of steel laminations, and shaped to receive the magnetizing coil t formed around the base thereof. These laminations are secured together in any suitable manner, as by riveting, as indicated in 1 'igs. 4 and 5, and the legs thereof are shaped-to provide the poles it. Thecurrent supply leads 1, for the coil 0, are connected to a pair of terminal prongs O, mounted on a suitable plate 0, of insulating material, mounted in the housing. Connection to these terminals may be made by means of any suitable connector plug forming part of the current supplying cable commonly used with such devices.

Secured to the opposite sides of the core so as to enclose the pole faces from the sides, is a pair of insulating plates l3 and H, which may be secured thereto by means of screws, as shown, or other suitable means. plates is a shaft II, which extends transversely of the longitudinal axis of the core, and at right angles to the path of oscillation of the inner cutter in the shearing head. The shaft has mounted thereon, between the insulating plates, a suitably shaped armature H comprising a plurality of steel laminations'secured together. The peripheral ends of the armature are shaped to move in a circular path'in close relation to the pole faces ll. Secured to the shaft i2 is an eccentric II, which lies within the bifurcated, ends of the lever 22. This lever is pivotally mounted upon the pivot pin it secured in the rear wall of the housing as shown. Fastener! to the lever 22 is a collar 24, to which is secured, in turn, a drive arm ll, thus forming a unitaryactuator arm for the two shearing heads'.

At I1 is generally shown a suitable make and break mechanism, comprising a pair of contacts, which alternately engage and disengage by reason of a cam acting therebetween, and mounted on shaft II. This cam is not shown. It is positioned with respect to the circular pole ends of the armature, so as to make and break the circuit to the coil i in the proper timed relation in accordance with well known practice, to effect continuous rotation of the armature. The mechanism of this type, as is well known, adapts the device to operation from either alternating or direct current circuits. The contacts are connected in series with the winding I by means of the leads II, and are shunted by means of condenser it to reduce sparking, all in accordance with well known practice.

As is clear from 1'18. 4, the body portion I of the housing is provided with anopening 2|,

through which a knurled wheel may be engaged by the thumb to effect rotation thereof. This wheel is secured to the shaft l2, and is employed, as is well known, for purposes of starting Joumaled in thesev .of the plate is formed to provide a shearing section having slots and perforations forming cutter bars, as is the common practice. The shearing or shaving sections extend outwardly beyond the end of the casing in the same direction 'so as to be in a position for simultaneous shaving cooperation.

As is shown in Fig. 2, the shear plate is formed with two rows of slots it, which are located at a slight angle to the longitudinal axis of the cutter, and on each side of a center portion of reduced thickness (Fig. 3), in which rectangular perforations 21 are formed. The slots 20 act 'as hair guides, and are adapted to out long hair, such as side burns, while the perforations are for cutting short hairs. The plate is reduced at the point where the perforations are formed to insure a close shearing action.

Mounted in the U-shaped portion of the shear plate is an inner cutter 2!, which is shown in the form of a cylinder, the inner bore being concentric, one arc of which is transversely slotted to form cutter bars. The lower surface of the inner cutter is notched to receive the upper end of the operating lever 22 in the case of cutter 30, and drive arm I! in the case of cutter 28.

As is clear in Figs. 4 and 5, each inner cutter, that is, the cutters 28 and 30, is pressed upwardly against the rear faces of the shear plate by means of spring pressed balls 3i, contained in the base of the shear plate.

In Fig. 4 is is noted that each shearing head is locked in its respective groove in the housing by means of a set screw 4 enga i g the base of the shear plate, thereby permitting it to be located and removed as a unit.

It has been found by actual test that double headed razors of this type are best driven by a motor. the shaft of which rotates at right angles to the path of oscillation of the inner cutters, that is, if a rotating motor is used, that most eflicient and desirable manner of drive is to actuate an oscillating drive arm by means of a cam on the shaft, the shaft being located at right angles to the drive afln.

the motor in the event that it stops after previous use in a dead center position, i. e., so that,

the contact operating cam holds the contacts apart, thereby breaking the circuit through the coil I. Any necessity of rotating the wheel 20 may be obviated by placing distinguishing marks, such as Ila, on the wheel, which indicate to the operator when the contacts are closed. If the wheel is positioned with this mark showing through opening II, as in Fig. 4, the motor will start as soon as the current is supplied without the necessity of twirling the wheel 2'.

There are two shearing heads 25 and 2|, each comprising a U-shaped plate of thin steel, secured to a base If, to form a base portion which is rectangular in shape to lit the groove in the upper portion of the casing i The upper portion 16 It will be apparent that no close adjustment of parts in the shearing heads is necessary, as each is a separate and distinct unit in itself, each inner cutter being spring-urged into eng ement with its respective shear plate by the balls 3!. In former types where the multiple heads were all one piece, and the inner cutter one piece, it was next to impossible to secure a lasting adjustment between parts. Thus, it is obvious that a razor formed as disclosed has the advantage of being simple to manufacture, and eillcient in operation, due to ease of adjustment.

Another important advantage of the construction of this type will be realized when consideration is had of the device in use. Let it be presumed that the two heads are being moved over the face. so that the head 29 of Fig. l precedes the head 25 with respect to their direction of travel. The frictional engagement of the skin with the head 29 will tend to stretch the skin in the direction of the movement of the head, thereby insuring that the trailing head 25 is operating over a smootlf flat surface resulting from stretching the skin. Thus, the hairs which are not removed by the leading head are sure to be removed by the trailing head.

However, even though the leading head does tend to stretch the skin, there is a slightroll formed between the heads which assists in Mink ing the hair into better contact with the trailing head. Advantage of this feature is made use oi by providing a hair tripping device 3!. It is well known that the hair does not grow straight out of the skin. but at an angle. thereby causing the hair to lay over, making it diflicult to reach with a mechanical razor. The tripping device, or comb, 35 which is formed as shown in Fig. 4, comprises a bar of any suitable material, located between the heads, which will trip or raise the hair, thereby placing it in position to be cut by the cutter bars.

A modified form of trip bar is shown in Figs. 6 and 7. Here the bar is slotted to form diamondshaped bars 3', which not only trip the hair, but tend to act as a comb bar to align the" hair with the cutter bars.

While there is above described but one embodiment oi the invention, it is possible to produce still other embodiments without departure from the inventive concept above disclosed, and it is, therefore, desired that onl such limitations shall be imposed on the appended claims as are stated therein. or required by the prior art.

What I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent. is:

1. In a multiple head shaver, a casing, a head supporting section at one end, said section having a channelled portion, a plurality of shaver heads each having a base portion engaged in said channelled portion and a shaving section projectin outwardly beyond said supporting section, a spacer extending transversely of said section in said channelled portion between said base portions for spacing said shaver heads apart. and a hair tripping device mounted on the free edge of said spacer and projecting outwardly between said shaving sections of said shaver heads for cooperation therewith in causing hair to be raised for cutting by said heads, and a plurality of retainer elements one for each head mounted in said head supporting section for independently retainin said heads on said casing in engagement with said spacer.

2. A shaver comprising a casing, a pair of separated independent shaver heads moimted on and projecting outwardly from one end oi said casin in spaced relation for simultaneous shaving cooperation. and a hair tripping device mounted on said casing between said shaver heads and projecting outwardly between said shaver heads for cooperation therewith in causing hair to be raised for cutting by said heads.

3. A shaver comprising a casing, a pairfoi separated independent shaver heads mounted on one end in spaced relation with shaving sections extending outwardly in the same direction for simultaneous shaving cooperation, and a hair tripping device formed of a bar having one edge secured to said casing between said heads inspaced parallel relation and the oppositee edge extending outwardly between said heads for cooperation with said shaving heads in combing and raising hair during the shaving operation.

JAMES H. RAND, Ja.

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