US2335678A - Floor furnace - Google Patents

Description

Patented Nm?. 3.o,.1943

REISSUED UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE y FLOOR FURNACE James yStanley Johnson, South Pasadena, Calif. Application February 18, 1942, Serial No. 431,437

2s Claims.

This invention is a novel improvement in floor furnaces particularly adapted for burning gaseous fuel, and adapted ato be disposed beneath the finished ground floor of a dwelling or the like for the purpose of heating the interior of the dwelling. v

Heretofore gas floor furnaces in small units., have been suspended from the finished ground floor. such furnaces usually extending 30 to 36 inches below the floor level, the bottom 4 to 6 `inches being taken up by the burner, gas valves,

and the shield around the burner. However, in places where door furnaces are extensively used the distance from the nished oor level to the ground is generally only about 25 inches, and consequently it was necessary to dig a pit to accommodate the furnace. Floor furnace ordinances and good practice renders it necessary to make provision so that the vital parts of the furnace will not be flooded by a water level of 6 inches above ground. Hence such pits must necessarily be concrete lined, with the edges of the pit carried 6 inches above the ground level. Itis not practicable to make a floor furnace sufficiently shallow that the vital parts, such as the burner and valves, would be disposed 6 inches above the ground level.

One vobject of my invention therefore is to provide a floor furnace which will dispense with the necessity of providing a concrete pit around the furnace, and which will not be flooded by a 6 inch depth of water above the ground, my burner being provided with a watertight pan at the bottom of the furnace, said pan preferably holding the gas burner and gas valves, although it is not essential that the gas control valves be positioned within the pan; and said pan being open at its top and being fastened to the bottom of the furnace casing, the pan being watertight below its upper edges keeping the ground surface water away from the burner.

A further object of my inventionis to provide the floor furnace with a pan of the above type having extensions at'its ends projecting beyond the sides of the main furnace casing, said extensions being open at'the top permitting air, necessary to support combustion at the burner, to enter the pan and pass horizontally inwardly towards the burner at the center of the pan, said air entering at substantially the level of the bottom of the main furnace casing.

It is moreover necessary on occasion to have access to the burner and gas valves for servicing; but in order to maintain a maximum depth of the furnace, the burner and the pan bottom cannot'be disposed much above the ground level, and hence it is usually impossible to drop the pan much below the burner in orderto remove the pan.

A further object of my invention, therefore, is to assemble the pan and burner together, with the gas control valve preferably but not necessarily a part of the assembly, whereby the pan, gas burner and gas valves can all be removed fromw the furnace without having to drop or lower the pan more than a fraction of an inch.

Usually the `gas control valves are operated by means of rods which extend up through the furnace casing to and adjacent the grill at the topv of the furnace, said rods being operated by a hand key. These rods are normally attached in recessed fittings on the valve stem and held in place by set screws, and generally the valves cannot be lowered without lowering the ro'ls unless the normal rod and valve securing means were disconnected. In order to remove the pan, burner and valve assembly it is necessary to disconnect the control rods from the valves, but normally this is difficult to do, it being necessary to reach in and remove a set screw or cotter pin holding the rods in the valve stems.

A still further object of my invention is to provide valve rods which are rotatably mounted in the furnace casing in the usualvmanner, but are prevented from vertical movement therein by novel means, the rods having non-circular heads at their lower ends entering into correspondingly shaped recesses in the valve stems of the valves which are mounted or carried in the removable pan, whereby the valve stems will disengage themselves from the rods when the pan is lowered without requiring any manipulation or disconnection of parts by the operator, and will automatically re-engage the rods when the pan' is restored into place.

Other minor objects of the invention will be hereinafter set forth.

I will explain the invention with reference to the accompanying drawings, which illustrate one practical embodiment thereof to enable others familiar with the art to adopt and use the same; and will summarize in the claims, the novel features of construction, and novel combinations of parts, for which protection is desired.

In said drawings:

Fig. 1 is a side elevation, partly in section, showing my novel floor furnace positioned below the`nished ground hoor of a building or the4 like with the pan secured to the bottom of the furnace and disposed slightly above the ground surface; also showing the control rods for the gas valves which extend down into the pan.

Fig. 2 is an enlarged vertical transverse section on the line 2--2, Fig. l.

Fig. 3 is an enlarged detail view showing the lower end of the control rod fitting into the socket in the valve stem in the normal position of the pan, and showing the means for vertically positioning the control rods in the furnace casing.

Fig. 4 is a transverse section similar to Fig. 2, but showing a modification.

Fig. 5 is a reduced horizontal section on the line 5-5, Fig. 4.

Fig. 6 is a plan view of the pan shown in Fig. 5, detached, but showing the burner, and the gas valves and gas pipe connections housed within the pan.

As shown in Figs. 1 to 3, the floor furnace preferably comprises a casing I of rectangular plan and of such length that same will nt between adjacent joists J supporting the floor boards B of the ground floor of the building, which boards B may be covered with finishing flooring F oi' desired material in the usual manner. Casing I is open at the top, and at the upper end thereof is a grill G usually inserted flush with the surface of the flooring F. Usually the distance from a finished floor F to the ground level L (Fig. 1) is between 25 and 26 inches, and hence the casing I cannot exceed a depth of approximately inches below the finished floor level in order that the pan I2, hereinafter described, may afford protection against water backed up to a depth of 6 inches above ground level L (Fig. 1). as the top of the watertight pan I2 would then be disposed 20 inches below the finished oor F. Moreover a 2O inch depth of casing is the minimum depth that will satisfy vent height requirements and will meet other requirements made by the American Gas Association.

The bottom of casing I is closed by a bottom plate 2 which as above stated may be disposed 20 inches from the open top of the casing. In the plate 2 extending adjacent to but spaced from one side wall thereof is a rectangular opening 2z: down through which the lower end of a combustion chamber 5, hereinafter described, extends. As shown in Fig. 2 the bottom plate 2 is preferably provided with a longitudinally disposed upward flange 2a extending the full length of the bottom plate 2, said portion 2a being provided with a return downward flange 2b, the flanges 2a, 2b forming a downwardly opening slot in bottom plate 2 for the reception of the inner upper edge of the removable pan I2, hereinafter described held therein by means of bolts or screws I3x. Also, bottom plate 2 may be provided with one or more openings 3, which openings may, if desired, be covered with suitable screening o r the like, for` the purpose of admitting air into the bottom of the casing I. However, the provision of the openings 3 is entirely optional.

Within casing I, extending adjacent to the end and side walls thereof but spaced therefrom is a double-walled partition 4 open at the top and bottom, said partition forming a vertical passageway between the partition and Walls of the casing for cool air entering from the edges of the grill G and passing downwardly of the casing to a point adjacent the lower end thereof, the air then passing inwardly of the casing I, below the partition 4, and into the space around the combustion chamber 5 and flues, hereinafter described. Preferably the space between the dou- 2,sau,e7s

ble wams of the partition 4 is open at the top and' bottom of the partition, as shown.

Within casing I, spaced from the double-walled partition 4, and extending downwardly a short distance through opening 2x in the bottom plate 2 of the casing, is a combustion chamber 5 closed at its top but open at its lower end, said casing 5 being relatively narrow and extending from a point adjacent one end of the partition to a point adjacent the other end thereof, as indicated in Fig. 5, the walls of the chamber at the side and upper edges being connected in a gastight manner so as to prevent the products of combustion from passing upwardly through the grill G and into the room being heated.

Adjacent, the upper end of -combustion chamber 5at each side thereof are lateral ilues 5 leading into a vertical flue 1 shaped similarly to combustion chamber 5 and disposed parallel therewith, said flue 1 being preferably but not necessarily of the same length but somewhat narrower and shallower than the combustion chamber 5, and flue 1 being closed in a gastight manner at its top,.bottom, and side edges, the bottom of flue 1 terminating a short distance above the bottom plate 2 of casing I.

Adjacent the bottom of flue 1 is a lateral flue 8, preferably disposed at the center of flue 1, flue 8 leading outwardly through the adjacent side wall of the casing in a gastight manner,-as indicated in Fig. 2, to prevent the products of combustion passing through the flue 8 from returning along the exterior of flue 8 into the casing, which combustion products would then pass upwardly through grill G into the room being heated.

On the -side of casing I around flue 8 is a housing 9 of general rectangular form, having an outlet I0 in its outer face. The bottom of housing 9 is open. Within housing 9 is a baille II secured to the upper wall of housing 9, said housing and baille forming a draft diverter to by-pass any draft coming down the vent due to wind, which draft would stop the flow of products of combustion in the furnace and cause smothering.

By the above construction, the combustion chamber 5 and the flues 8, 1, 8 are housed within a furnace casing having a 20 inch depth, and within the confines of the double-walled partition 4 which separates the cooler air passing downwardly adjacent the walls of casing I from the heated air passing upwardly around the combustion chamber and flues within the confines of partition 4 of the heater. rlhe particular arrangement of the partition 4, the combustion chamber 5, and theilues 6, 1, 8, may however, be varied as desired.

Secured to the bottom of casing I is an e1ongated pan I2 of general rectangular form closed at its bottom but open at its top, said pan being watertight below its open upper end and being of length sufficient to extend beyond the ends of casing I as clearly indicated in Figs. 1 and 5. Pan I2 is of such width that one side wall may be secured directly to the adjacent outer side wall of the casing I by means of screws I3 or the like, while the other side wall of the pan will fit into the slot formed betewen flanges 2a, 2b of bottom plate 2 as clearly shown in Fig. 2, said side wall being maintained in said slot by means of bolts or screws I3. The side walls of the pan may be 5 or 6 inches in height; and the pan I2 thus forms a watertight receptacle oi' substantial depth which is removably fitted to the bottom of the furnace casing.

(Figs. 1` and 3) having their lower ends shaped The extending portions of pan I2 beyond the ends of the casing I, being open at the top, permit air to enter through the open top adjacent the ends thereof and to pass inwardly in a horizontal direction to support combustion at the burner Il, hereinafter described, of the furnace contained in the pan I2 from whence the air and products of combustion pass upwardly into the open bottom of the combustion chamber 5, and through the flues 6, 1, 8 to heat the air around the combustion chamber and flues 6, 'I, I, which heated air then rises upwardly and passes out through grill G into the room being heated.

Within the pan I2 at the approximate center thereof is an elongated gas burner I4 (Fig. 6) secured thereinby brackets I5, said burner having an air and gas mixing chamber Ila (Fig. 2) at one end into which enters a gas pipe I9, said chamber Ila having means whereby the percentage of air to be mixed with the gas may be adjusted in the usual manner. Gas burner Il is substantially the same Ilength as the open end of combustion chamber 5 and is provided in its upper face with a series of :Iets which enter the lower open end of combustion chamber 5.

In the gas pipe IB is a main burner valve I'I (Figs. 1 and 6) which is connected by piping to a gas pressure regulator |8 and to a main gas intake pipe I9, which latter is connected to a suitable source of gas supply, the pipe |9 being preferably bent upwardly adjacent the end of the pan |2 and passing out of the open end thereof. Preferably the main gas pipe I9 is sufliciently flexible, or has a flexible section |93: or

. universal joint therein so that the pan I2 and its contents may be lowered from the casing I, when the screws I3 and |31: are removed, sumciently to permit repairs or servicing of the burner and the contents of the pan.

Connected by a by-pass to the main gas valve I'I is a pilot valve 20 disposed beside the valve II, said valve controlling the gas passing through pipe 2| to a pilot 22 disposed in the pan adjacent burner Il.

In the modification shown in Fig. 4, instead of using the pan connection disclosed in Fig. 2, .a modified pan is used in which pan I2 is provided with lateral flanges I2a at its upper sides, said flanges having spaced series of holes I 2b for screws 23 or the like which directly connect the flanges I2a to the underside of the furnace casing bottom 2, as shown in Fig. 4, thus dispensing with the necessity of -having to provide the flanged portions 2a and 2b of the bottom plate 2 shown in Fig. 2.

In the modification shown in Fig. 4 the depth of' the furnace casing I may also be limited to 20 inches, for the same reasons above stated in connection with the furnace shown in Figs. 1 and 2; and the bottom 2 of the furnace shown in Fig. 4 may similarly be provided with openings 3 which, if desired, may be covered with screening, and which admit additional fresh air into the bottom vo1' furnace around the combustion chamber 5 and flues 6, 'I, 8.

In both modifications, however, in order that pan I2 may be lowered without disturbing the control, rods for the main gas valve II and pilot valve 20, the valves are preferably each provided with a non-circular recess IIa (Fig. 3) in its stem I'Ib, and extending downwardly through the casing I directly in alignment with the sockets I1a of the valves I1 and 20, are control rods 24 to correspond with the non-circular sockets I1a, said4 sockets |Ia being `preferably of square shape. v

Each rod`24 passes downwardly through openings therefor in the bottom plate 2 of the furnaceV plate 2 of the furnace around the openings, and

are held in position by means of pins 28, which may be cotter pins or the like. Thus the rods 24 are rotatablyI mounted inthe furnace casing but are prevented from vertical movement therein, and the lower non-circular ends thereof are each maintained in alignment with the non-circular sockets |1a in the stems I'Ib of valves I'I and 2|| when the pan I2 is in normal position shown in Figs. 2 and 4. i

By the above construction, when it is desired to service the members carried by the pan, the screws I3 and |31: or 23 may be readily removed and the pan dropped vertically a short distance so as to clear the lower end of the furnace casing and the pan swung laterally, the gas pipe I9 being sulciently flexible or having a flexible section |91: to permit the pan to be swung laterally to give access to the contents of the pan. As soon as the servicing has been completed and the pan has been again positioned, elevated, and attached to the bottom of the casing by the screws I3 and |31: or 23, the lower ends of control rods 24 will be automatically engaged with the sockets I Ia in the stems of the relatedvalves I1 and 20, and thus the parts will be restored to normal operative position without necessitating further manipulation of parts. i

By my construction the watertight pan I2 affords the desired protection against water of a depth of 6 inches above the ground level L; and my furnace is such that the top of the pan I2 extends to within 19 or 20 inches of the finished fioor level F while providing forgefllcient combustion notwithstanding the limited space between the floor level and ground level.

I do not limit my invention to the exact forms shown in the drawings, for obviously changes may be made therein within the scope of the claims. l

I claim:

1.' In a fioor furnace, a casing provided with an open top and having a bottom provided with an opening, a combustion chamber in the casing having an open lower end extending into and filling the opening in the casing bottom; a watertight pan below the casing bottom disposed across the opening therein; means for removably securing the pan to the casing; a gas burner mounted below the casing having jets normally entering the open lower end of the combustion chamber; said top of the burner being disposed at substantially the level of the upper edge of the pan; means for supplying gas to the burner; and means for admitting air intoV` the pan at substantially the level of the top of the burner to support combustion.

2. In a furnace as set forth in claim 1, said .pan being open at. the topl and having a portion extending beyond the casing, the extending portion forming the air admitting means.

extending beyond the casing, the extending ends forming the admitting means for air entering the pan from points outside the casing and passing inwardly oi' the pan toward the burner.

4. In a floor furnace, a casing provided with an open top and having a bottom provided with an opening, a combustion chamber in the casing having an open lower end-extending intov and filling the opening in the casing bottom; Aa watertight pan below the casing bottom disposed across the opening therein; means for removably,r

securing the panV to the casing; a gas burner mounted in said pan having jets normally entering the open bottom of the combustion chamber; means for supplying gas to the burner; and means for admitting air into the pan to support combustion.

5. In a furnace as set forth in claim 4, said gas supplying means comprising a pipe having a flexible joint so that when the pan securing means is detached the pan may be slightly lower-- ed and swung laterally of the casing to give access to the burner.

6. In a furnace as setl forth in claim 4, said pan being open at the top and having a portion extending beyond thev casing, the extending por@ tion forming the air admitting means.

7. In a furnace as set forth in claim 4, said pan being open at the top and having both ends extending beyond the edges of the casing, the extending ends forming the admitting means for air entering the pan from points outside the casing and passing inwardly of the pan towards the burner in a"horizonta1 direction.

8. In a furnace as set forth in claim 4, said pan having portions of its upper edges overlapping portions of the casing bottom; and said pan securing means comprising removable members connecting the said upper edge portions of Y ythe panA with said overlapped portions of the casing bottom. i

9. In a furnace as set forth in claim 4, said pan securing means comprising an inverted U- shaped fiange forming a downwardly opening slot extending upwardly of the casing bottom adjacent to one side thereof, said slot receiving one side wall of the pan, the other side wall of the pan being secured to the side wall of the casing.

10. In a floor furnace, a casing provided with an open top and having a bottom provided with an opening, a combustion chamber in the casing having an open lower end extending into and filling the opening in the casing bottom; a pan below the casing bottom disposed normally across the opening therein; means for removably securing the pan to the casing; a gas burner mounted in said pan and having jets normally entering the open lower end of the combustion chamber; a valve mounted in the pan controlling the gas passing to the burner; a vertical control rod rotatably journaled inthe casing and having its lower end normally seated in a socket in the stem of the valve; and means for preventing vertical movement of the rod, whereby when the pan is detached and lowered the rod will be disengaged from the valve socket, said rod and socket reengaging when the pan is-restored to normal position.

11. In a furnace as set! forth in claim 10, said panbeing open at its top and having a portion extending beyond the casing to admit air into the pan to support combustion; and a gas supply pipe having a section entering the extended portion of the pan and-connected with said valve, said supply pipe having a iiexible joint whereby when the pan is detached the pan may be'slightly lowered and swung laterally of the casing to give v access to the burner.

for said burner; a second valve mounted in the 12. In a furnace as set forth in claim 10, a pilot pan and disposed beside the first valve for controlling said pilot; and a second control rod for said second valve rotatably mounted in the casing beside the firstfcontrol rod and adapted to normally enter a socket in the stem of the second valve when the pan is in normal position.

`13. In a furnace as set forth in claim 10, said control rod passing downwardly through a hole in the bottom of the casing; and said means for preventing vertical movement of the rod comprising a pair of spaced members mountedy on the rod and engaging opposite faces of the casing bOttom. y

14. In a furnace as set forth in claim 10, said control rod passing downwardly through a hole in the bottom of the casing; said means for preventing vertical movement of the rod compris ing a pair of spaced members mounted on the rod and engaging ,opposite faces of the casing bottom; and a bearing adjacent the upper end of the casing in which said rod is rotatably mounted.

' 15. In a floor furnace, a casing provided with an open top and having a bottom provided with an opening; a combustion chamber in the casing having an open lower end extending into and filling the opening in the casing bottom; a watertight pan below the casing bottom normally disposed across the opening therein; means for removably securing the pan to the casing; a gas burner mounted in said pan and having jets normally entering the open bottom of the combustion chamber; and means for admitting air into the pan to support combustion; a valve mounted in the pan controlling the gas passing to the burner; a vertical control rod rotatably journaled in the casing and having its lower end normally seated in a socket in the stem of the valve; and means Afor preventing vertical movement of the rod, whereby when the pan is detached and lowered the rod will be disengaged from the valve socket, said rod and socket re-engaging when the pan is restored to normal position.

16. In a furnace as set forth in claim l5, said pan being open -at its top and having one or both ends extending beyond the casing to admit air into the pan to support combustion at the burner; and a gas supply pipe having a section entering an extended end of the pan and connected with said valve, said supply pipe having a flexible joint whereby when the pan is detached the pan may be slightly lowered and swung laterally of the casing to give access to the burner.

1'7. In a furnace as set forth in claim 15, a pilot for said burner, a second valve mounted in the pan and disposed beside the first valve for controlling said pilot; and a second control rod for said second valve rotatably mounted in the casing beside the first control rod and adapted to normally enter a socket in the stem of the second valve when the pan is in normal position.

18. In a furnace as set forth in claim 15, said control rod passing downwardly through a hole in the bottom of the casing; said means for preventing vertical movement of the rod comprising a pair of spaced members mounted on the control rod and respectivelyengaging opposite faces of the casing bottom; and a bearing adjacent the upper end of the casing in which said rod is rotatably mounted.

20; In a furnace as set forth in claim l5, said.

pan securing means comprising an inverted U- shaped flange forming a downwardly opening slot extending upwardly of the casing bottom adjacent to one side thereof, said slot receiving one side vwall of the pan, the other side wall of the pan being secured to the side wall of the casing.

21. In a floor furnace adapted to be mounted between a door and the ground surface, comprising a casing provided with an opn top and having a bottom provided with an opening; a combustion chamber in the casing having an open lower end extending into and closing the opening in the casing bottom; a gas burner mounted below the casing and having jets entering the open lower end of the combustion chamber; means for supplying gas to the burner;v and a removable watertight pan disposed above the ground level and having side walls extending up around the top of the burner, said side walls including wall portions extending beyond the casing to admit air to the burner to support combustion.

22. In a floor furnace as set. forth in claim 21, said pan overlapping the lower portion of the casing.

23. In a oor furnace as set forth in claim 21, said pan overlapping the lower portion of the casing, and removable members connecting the upper edges of the pan to the casing.

JAMES STANLEY JOHNSON.

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