US2331070A - Fluid pump - Google Patents

Description

Oct. 5, 1943. I c. c. FARQUE 2,331,070

FLUID PUMP Filed. March 9, 1942 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 3mm M a a Oct. 5, 1943. c. 2. FARQUE 2,331,070

FLUID PUMP Filed March 9, 1942 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Patented Oct. 5, 1943 f I UNITED-.I'ISTATES asarovo f Thisfinvention relates fluid pumps, and more particularly to reciprocatingpumps of the heavy duty type,c'ommonly employed, for example, as slush pumps in drilling operations. In the illustrated embodiment, the invention is applied to a pump of the type-in question, constituting an element of a portable pump unit of moderate size, but it will be, understood that the invention, in certain aspects, is equally applicable to pumps of much greater size. Also, pumps embodying the invention may be employed for a variety of uses, but the invention is particularly advantageous in connection with pumps which are subjected to very considerablewear, such as occurs in'slush pumps and the like. 7

It is a general object of the present invention to provide a reciprocating pumpof the type in question, having a compact design and rugged construction, while at the same time being capable of assembly and 'dis-assembly in a speedy and facile manner, whereby the replacement of worn parts is greatlyfacilitated. 7 g

The greatest wear, in pumps of the type in question, occurs in thelining of the pump cylinder, the swab rubbers (of the pump piston), and the inlet and outlet valves. In the case of pumps heretofore commonly used wherein the pump cylinder is cast in block, andprovided with a liner, it has been necessary in order to change the cylinder liner or the swab rubbers, to disassemble theistructure sufliciently to permit the piston and piston rod to be removed from the cylinder, afterwhich the cylinder liner maybe removed by the use of special tools This operation is time-consuming andtedious, requiring the services of a specially trained mechanic'and necessitating shut-down of the pump for-a considerable period of time, H

, Accordingly, it is an object of the present invention to provide a pump structure in which the pump cylinder isa separate unit comprising a sleeve or cylinder, preferably without a separate liner, which can be readily and quickly removed from the assembly and replaced by a new, part,. without the u seof any special tools and-in a manner which does, not require any special training or experience It will be understood that when the pump cylinder is thus removed from the assembly, the piston is exposed and worn piston parts may be replaced without difiiculty, and without requiringany further disassembly, except as to the parts tobe replaced.

Another, disadvantage of-pumps of the type now commonly used lies inthe fact'that in order to provide for reversal of the direction oiflow through the pump, it 'has been necessary to'provide inlet and outlet chambersmonrboth sides of the pump andycorresponding inlet and outlet ports on both sides, iron plugs being inserted in theslports which'arc' not currently in use. In

order to reverse the direction of flow,these mustbe removedand suitable pipe connections made, but it is frequently-round thatthe plugs have rusted so tightly in the unused ports-that 5 it is necessary to remoye -them bydrilling, which is Wastefuland time-consuming, Accordinglwit is an object of the present invention to provide a pump assembly in which the inlet and outlet chambers, which also, contain, the inlet and out.- let valves, constitute which may-readily be transposed for 'the pur-, pose of reversing. the directio n of flow through the pump without requiringchanges in the external piping, thus eliminating the auxiliary chambers and ports mentioned above. 1

v It is a further object of the present invention to provide a pump assembly in whichthe pump cylinder is supported under compression between appropriate header -members with the inter-' 52 0 tudinal movement of the pump cylinder, induced by friction between thepiston'and cylinder, will take place in the direction oimovement of the piston and will serve to effect a tighter sealgbethus serving to prevent leakage.

Other and further objects, features and advantages ofthe present invention will be ap 3o parent, to one skilled in the art from the follow,-

ing description taken, in connection with the.

accompanying drawingsin which: a Figure 1 isa side elevation ofa portable pump unit in accordancewith the present invention,"

35 the prime mover and power transmissionmeans being shown schematically; r s I Figure 2 is a sectionalview on a lineextending through the inlet and outlet chambers of the pump and-header members, on-line 2-2 of Figinvention, reference is made to the embodiment thereof showniin the accompanying drawings and I detailed descriptive language is employed. It will nevertheless be understood that no limitation of the-invention is thereby intended and that various changes and alterations are contemplated such as would ordinarily occur, to one skilled in theart to which theinvention relates. Referring to Figure 1', it will be seenthat the which may comprise a pair .of rails connected by suitable cross members; and which carriesa source ofmotive'power ll, a transmissioml'l, connectedw ith the source; of motive power 60 m h a clut h lt nd a m n 'v a bl iindi-j interchangeable units position of resilient gaskets, whereby any longi-" tween that endofthecylinder whichlis under the higher pressure and the adjacentheader,

In order to facilitate an understanding of, the

portable pump unit comprises a suitable. base l0" 7 cated generally at M. The details of the motive power source and the transmission form no part of the present invention, and will not be described.

Referring now to Figures 2, 3 and 4, the pump assembly comprises generally a pump cylinder 15,

inlet chamber l6 and outlet chamber l1, supported and interconnected by header members i8 and IS. The latter may be regarded as common cylinder heads for the pump cylinder and the respective inlet and outlet chambers which, in the present embodiment, are cylindrical in form. The headers i8 and I9 provide communication between the pump cylinder l5 and the respective chambers l6 and I1.

A piston 20 (Figures 3 and 4) is mounted for reciprocation within the pump cylinder l5, and is adapted to be reciprocated through the piston rod 2|, which extends rearwardly through the header I 9 and through a suitable packing 22. The headers l8 and i9 may be supported in any suitable manner upon the base l0. In the present instance the header I8 is supported upon a bracket 23, secured to the base I by means of bolts 23, while the header I9 is supported by means extending from the transmission [2. The pump cylinder and chambers l6 and 11 are in turn supported solely by the headers l8 and I9, between which the cylinder and chambers are held under compression by means of bolts 24 (Figures 1 and 4) extending between the respective headers. Gaskets 25, which are preferably retained in suitable annular recesses formed in the respective headers, are interposed between the said headers and the adjacent end edges of the pump cylinder and inlet and outlet chambers. When the bolts 23' and 24 are removed, which can be easily and quickly done, the pump cylinder, the inlet and outlet chambers, and the header l3 may be readily removed from the assembly, there being no other connection between these members.

Referring to Figure 2, it will be seen that the inlet chamber is provided with a port 26 and threaded connection 26, the latter for effecting connection with an external conduit, and the outlet chamber I1 is provided with a similar port 21 and threaded connection 21'. Preferably, the pump of the present invention is'of the doubleacting type, although the advantages of the invention may obviously be secured in a singleacting pump. In the present embodiment, the inlet chamber is provided at each end with a spring-pressed valve 28 of conventional design and comprising a support having threaded connection with the inner wall of the chamber. Similarly the outlet chamber IT is provided at each end with a valve 29. It will be understood that the valves 28 can open only to-permit fluid to flow from the chamber l6 into one or the other of the headers, while the valves 29 can open only to permit flow from the respective headers into the chamber ll. Upon reciprocation of the piston toward the right in Figure 3, the valve 28 at the left-hand end of inlet chamber IE will open to permit fluid to flow from the chamber 1 6 and port 26 into the header [9, while the valve 29 at the right-hand end of the chamber I! will open to permit fluid to flow from the header i8 into the chamber l1 and out through the port 27. Upon movement of the piston to the left, the opposite valves come into play.

From the foregoing, it will be apparent that in order to replace a worn pump cylinder, or worn piston parts, or to reverse'the direction of flow of the pump, or to replace worn valve parts, all that is necessary is to remove the bolts 23' and 24 and effect the necessary replacements. In order to reverse the direction of flow, the inlet and outlet chambers are detached from the external piping and are simply transposed, the external piping being reconnected without undergoing any change in extent or location.

If desired, a liner may be employed in the pump cylinder 15, in which case the gaskets 1nterposed between the respective ends of said cylinder and the respective headers will be made of sufiicient breadth to abut the respective ends of the liner as well as the cylinder casing.

From the foregoing description it will be apparent that the pump of the present invention possesses the several advantages heretofore mentioned and, in addition, is simple, inexpensive, compact, and rugged.

Having thus described the invention, what is claimed as new and desired to be secured by Letters Patent is:

l. A fluid pump comprising a pump cylinder, a piston reciprocable in said cylinder, an inlet chamber, an outlet chamber, said cylinder and chambers constituting separately formed demounta-ble units, detachable means including a pair of header members for supporting said cylinder and chambers in operative relation, at least one of said header members affording communication between said cylinder and said chambers, valves associat'ed with and carried by said respective chambers for controlling the direction of flow between said cylinder and said chambers, each said chamber having a port affording communication between said chamber and an external conduit independently of said header members, and means for reciprocating said piston.

2. A pump according to claim 1, said chambers being interchangeable for reversing the flow through said pump.

3. A fluid pump comprising a pump cylinder, a piston reciprocable in said cylinder, an inlet chamber, an outlet chamber, said cylinder and chambers constituting separately formed demountable units, a pair of header members each supporting and affording communication between adjacent ends of said cylinder and chambers, valves associated with and carried by each said chamber and disposed adjacent the respective ends thereof for controlling the direction of flow between said cylinder and said chambers,

each said chamber having a port aflfording communication between said chamber and an external conduit independently of said header members, means for reciprocating said piston, and readily detachable means accessible exteriorly of the pump for maintaining said cylinder, chambers and header members in assembled relation.

4. A pump according to claim 1, said cylinder and said chambers comprising cylindrical sleeves and being maintained in position by compression between said header members. w

5. A pump according to claim 1, said cylinder and said chambers comprising cylindrical sleeves and being maintained in position by compression between said header members, and a resilient gasket interposed between each end of said pump cylinder and the adjacent header member, whereby any axial movement of said cylinder, due to friction exerted thereon by said piston, will increase the pressure between that end of said cylinder which is under the higher pressure and the adjacent gasket.

CARL CORNELIOUS FARQUE.

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