US2081221A

US2081221A - High pressure pump

Info

Publication number: US2081221A
Application number: US654432A
Authority: US
Inventors: Clarence J Coberly; Clyde F Hanson
Original assignee: ROKO CORP
Current assignee: ROKO Corp
Priority date: 1933-01-31
Filing date: 1933-01-31
Publication date: 1937-05-25
Anticipated expiration: 1954-05-25

Description

May 25, 1937- c. J. coBERLY ET Al.

I HIGH PRESSURE PUMP Filed Jan. 51, 1933 5 Sheets-Sheet 2 [NMS/v T026.' CZHeE/vce V' 606584.,

147- Toe/Vex May 25, 1937. C. COBERLY Er AL 2,081,221

HIGH P REs SURE PUMP Fi1ed Jan. 51, 19:53 s sheets-sheet vs Claes/vee if Coaeewf) C/yoe F .Ha/60N) gjm/ZM operated through long periods of use vwithout at' Patented May l25, I 1937 n UNITED STATES PATENT oF-FlcE HIGH PRESSURE vPURIP Clarence J..Coberly and Clyde F. Hanson, Los

Angeles, Calif., assignors,` by mesne assignf ments, to RoKo Corporation, Reno, Nev., a corporation of Nevada Applicationfxanuary 31, 193s, dserial Nb.- 654,432

4 claims'. (ci. 1oz-153) Our invention relates to a power operated pumping unit adapted to pump fluids at high pressures.

Itis `an objectof the inventionyto provide a pump of simple and durable form which may be tention owing to features embodied therein, and which may be readily changed in capacity and pressure characteristics Within a limited range,

In pumps of high pressure, for instance, those capable of operating under pressures of lfour thousand to six thousand pounds per square inch,

there is a` marked tendency toward leakage past connecting rods free fromharmful substances.v

the piston of thepump, this leakage increasing as`the piston and pump barrel become worn. Our invention provides a means of simple and effective form for preventing pollution .of the oil in the crankcase of the pump, or the accumulation of a quantity of iluid in the crankcase, thereby keeping the bearings of the crank-shaft and The invention is especially valuable for pumping petroleum oils such as produced from wells, and accordingly theinvention may be advantageously used forpumping oil under high pressures to devices of hydraulic character, such as fluid operated pumps employed in oil Wells for pumping oil therefrom. g

It is an object of the invention to provide a high pressure plmp in which the pistons 'may be exchanged for pistons of other diameters so. as to vary the piston displacement, and wherein the power unit of the pump may be easily andrelatively economically replaced by a power .unit of other characteristics vso ,as to vary the driving torqueand speed of rotation of the crank-shaft as conditions may require;

It is an object of the invention toy provide, in a pump of the character set forth in the preceding paragraph, easly.removable cooperating piston and liner members and simple and elective means for operatively securing these'members in the pump structure.;

A further object of the invention is' to provide a simple means for securing a piston or 'plunger member to a cross-head in a pump of the above character in a manner to permit a slight lateral or' axial movement between the plunger andthe cross-headfas they reciprocate.

A further object of the invention is to provid in a pumping device a simple and readily replaceable, yet durablavalve structure for usein the intake and discharge passages of the pump.

A further object of the invention is to provide a lsimple, externally adjustable pressure relief valve for reconnection to the high `pressure p'assages of the pump. y

It is a further obiect of the invention to provide a simple Iauxiliary pumping mechanism for disposing of the iiuid which leaks past the pump 5 pistonsbut' is prevented from entering the crankcase of the high pressure pump, and it is a fur- 2o Fig. 3 is an elevational view of the rlghtward end of Fig. 2 with the power unit of the ldevice removed.

Fig. 4 is a horizontally sectioned view taken on the line 4 4 of Fig. 2. Y Fig. 5 is a fragmentary section taken asindicated by the line 5--5 of Fig. 1. l

Fig; 6 is an enlarged fragmentary section 'throughthe pressure relief valve of the device, taken on the plane represented by the line 6 6 30 of Fig. 1.

Fig. 7 is a slightly enlarged sectional view on a plane represented byrthe line 1-1 of Fig. 2.

As shown in the drawings, the preferred form of our pump includes al crankcase` II to which 35 f a cylinder'block I2 is secured, there being a flat spacer member I3 disposed between the crankcase II andthe block I2 through which bolts I4 passfor securing the block I2 tothe crankcase II. On the ightward end of the crankcase 40 Il `are walls'formin'g a gear case I5V against which a gear case cover I6 is secured by screws Il. The pump disclosed, being triplex, has three vertical bores I8 in the cylinder block I2, the upper ends 20 of these bores `I8 being diametra1ly 5' -reduced and communicating'with three laterally drilled openings 2l, the ends of which are closed .by welded plugs 22. In the main portion of each bore I8 below the diametrally restricted upper end thereof is a liner 23 which slides readily 50 in to the bore I8 and has a flange 24 at its lower end which is spaced from a shoulder, 25 formednear the lower end of the bore` fl8" and isfxternally sealedby a packingrlngrZS.' The ange 24 is forced-upwardly tightlyjv-'against the pack- 5'5 good liquid seal is formed therebetween.

ing ring 26 when the block I2 is bolted in place on the case I by a cup-shaped member 21 which projects downwardly into a recess 28 formed in the member;Y I3 in alignment with the bore I8. The lower end of the recess 28 has offset shoulders 30 and 3| adjacent an opening 32 which communicates with the upper end of the crankcase The lower end of the cup-shaped member has a reduced portion 33 which rests upon the shoulder 3|,and around the reduced portion a packing ring 34 is placed Which is compressed against the shoulder 30 when the block I2 is bolted in place. A piston member or plunger 35 extends within the liner 23 and projects downwardly through the member 21 into the crankcase II. The member 21 has an upwardly opening annular space 36 around the plunger 35, and in the lower end of this space 36 an annular packing body 31 is held by a gland ring 38 forced downwardly by a compression spring 4U, the upper end of which bears against the lower end of the liner 23. In the side wall of each member 21 are one or more oil drainage openings 39 which connect the space 36 with an annular space 4| ,formed in vthe recess 28, which annular space communicates through van opening 42 with a channel 43 formed down one side and across the v end of the member I3. The liners 23 and plungers 35 are ground to a close working t and engage through a considerable 'length so tha-t a However, there is more or less leakage through the liners 23 around the plungers 35 due to the extremely high pressures exerted in the lateral passages 2| of the block I2 when the pump is in op? eration. This leakage passes into the spaces 36 of the members 21, through the openings 39, spaces 4|, and openings 42 into the channel 43 from which the fluid leakage is removed by means which will be later described.

The crankcase has end walls 44 and 45 equipped with annular bearing-

receiving walls

46 and 41 in which bearings for a crank-shaft 48 are supported. On the leftward end of the crank-shaft 48 a heavy ball bearing 58 is employed. On the rightward end of the crankshaft 48 a roller type bearing 5| is used, O-n the crank pins 52 of the shaft 48, connecting rods 53 are mounted, each of which extends upwardly to a cross-head 54 operating in a cross-head guide 55 substantially in vertical alignment'with a bore |8 of the block I2. The upper ends of the connecting rods 53 engage tubular wrist pins 56 which are set transversely in the cross-heads 54 and are secured by screws 51' which project upwardly through the lower end walls of the wrist pins and are held against displacement by securing wires 58 tied through holes in the upper ends of the screws 51. On the upper flat face .of each cross-head 54 is a plate 60 secured by screws 6|. Each plate 60 has a central opening 62 into which the lower end of a plunger 35 passes, and the lower part of each opening 62 is counterbored or diametrally enlarged to receive 'the flange 63 formed on the lower extremity of the -plunger'35. Each plunger 35 rests directly upon the upper face'of its associated cross-head, and the openings 62 of the plates 60 are larger in diameterthan the plungers 35, and likewise the counterbores at the lower ends of the openings 62 are of larger diameter than the flanges 63 so that a limited lateral or axial movement between the cross-heads and the plungers is permitted, thereby avoiding possibility of heavy strains and excessive wear on the Side Walls 0f the plungers 35 and the cross-heads 54 should the cross-head guides and the bores of the liners 23 be slightly disaligned.

As shown in Figs. land 5, a horizontal passage 65 is formed in the block I2 below the planes of the lateral passagesy 2| and adjacent the upper ends of the bores I8 to provide a fluid inlet passage for 'the pump into which fluidA to be pumped may be conducted through piping 66 secured to the rightward end of the block I2 by a flange 61. Connecting each of the lateral passages 2| with the passage. 65 is an opening 68 which is outwardly flared at its upper portion to provide a seat 10 for a replaceable valve seat 1| forming part of a valve unit 12 which further includesaclosure member in the form of a steel ball 13 andmeans'for resiliently holding the ball 13 in engagement with the seat 1|, such means comprising a spring 14 and a tubular member 15 which is slidably received in a vertical, downwardly facing recess 16 of a threaded member 11, there being four downwardly extending legs 18 on the lower end of the tubular member 15, the lower ends of which legs are curved to flt the upper face of the ball 13 so that when the spring 14 holds the member 15 downwardly, the

engagement of the legs 18 with the ball 13 willA resist lateral movement of the ball 13 when it is raised from 'the seat 1|. The members 11 screw into threaded openings 88 which are vertically aligned' with the valve seat 1| and accordingly provide removable Vertical guides for the ballretaining means represented by the members 15.

A high pressure discharge passage 8| for the pump is drilled longitudinally in the block I2 above the plane .of the lateral passages 2| and rearwardly with respect to the inlet passage 65, or to the left of the block I2 as shown in Fig. 1. As further shown in Figs. 1 and 2, vertical openings 68a connect the leftward ends of the passages 2| with the passage 8|, and above the openings 68a threaded openings 80a are extended from the passage 8| to the upper end of the block I2. In the

openings

68a and 80a valve units 12 are operatively secured so as to prevent reverse ilow of fluid under pressure from the passage 8| into the lateral passages 2|. One end of the passage 8| is connected through a flange tting 83 with piping 84 for carrying the fluid under pressure to a desired point of utility. The end of the passage 8| opposite the fitting 83 is connected through a pipe 85 with a pressure gauge 86 which may be conveniently secured to the front face of the block |2. An intermediate portion of the passage 8| connects through an opening 81 with a pressure relief valve 88 secured to the rearward face of the block I2 by bolts 90.

As shown in Figs. 1 and 6, the relief valve 88 includes a cylindrical body 9| having laterally projecting flanges 92` formed thereon through which bolts may be passed to secure the device 88 to the rear face of the block I2. The cylindrical body 9| has a downwardly facing recess 93 which is threaded at 94 to receive a downwardly extending cylindrical shell 95 having a lower end wall 96 with an opening 91 therein through which a Shaft 98 extends, the lower extremity 99 thereof being squared to receive a wrench and being protected by a downwardly extending cylindrical apron wall IUI which prevents turning of the shaft 98 except by use of the proper wrench therefor. The shaft 98 has a flange |02 thereon which rests against the upper face of the wall 96, and the upper portion |03 of the shaft is threaded to receive a spring compressor |04 having a flange |08 equipped with projections |08 engaging ver- I tical guide grooves |01 in the interior wall of the shell 95. VSupported on the flange |05 is a spring |08, the upper end of which engages a circular plate I having a central opening adapted to receive the downwardly projecting cylindrical stem ||2 of a conical valve member` ||3. The conical valve member ||3 engages -a tubular seat member |4 ,which threads into an opening ||5 extending upwardly from the re-v cess 93. The upper end`of the opening 5 connects with the opening 81, Fig. 1, through a downwardly sloping passage ||8. From the upper part of the recess 93, to one side of the opening ||5, a passage ||1 extends through a verticall wall ||8 into communication with the upper face of a ange formed at the upper end of the wall ||8, to which flange piping may be attached for carrying 'oi the iiuid which is forced from the passage 8| of the pump past the pressure-rematically removing the leakage oil from the channel 43 in the member I3, such means consisting of a gear pump |23 formed in conjunction with a cover plate. |24'secured to the'annular wall 48 which holds the bearing 50. As shown in Figs.V

2 and '1, the outerafaceof the plate |24 is p'rovided with a leftward or outwardly extending boss |25 having a pair of overlapped circular recesses |28 and |21 therein, the recess |28 being aligned with the axis`ofrotation of the crank-shaft'48. A pump gear |28 of spur type operates in the recess |28,` and has a shaft portion |30.extending therefrom through `a bushed vopening |3| in the cover plate |2l|l into driving engagement.- withan opening' |32 in the crank-shaft'48. In the recess |21 is a gear |34 which'meshes with ,the gear |28 and vrotates on an axle. |35, the outer end of which is seated in a pocket |38 i a circular plate |31 rwhich is Vsecuredy to th oss |25. in position to cover the recesses |28 and |21. As shown in Figs. ltand 2, the plate |31 has a laterally extending and outwardly projecting metal body |38 formed thereon in which openings 140 and |4| are-bored in radial direction, and the inner ends of these openings and |4| are connected with the inner face of the plate |31 through holesy |42V and '|43 which are respecwith the opening |40, Fig. 1, and a. pipe |50 con-A nects `the opening [74| with the recess or chamtively positioned so as to communicate with the spaces |44 and |48, Fig. 7, which are respectively the intake and discharge passages of the gear pump 'when' the (gear |28 is-rotated in the direction of the arrow |48 of-lig.v 7.v By use of tting's |41, a pipe |48 connects the channel 43 ber 93 ofthe pressure relief valve 88; according'- ly, whenever the device is in operation, the leakage from the pistons and cylinders accumulating in thechannel 43 drains through the pipe |48 into the opening |40 and is conducted through the opening |42 into the space |44 ofthe gear pump |23 and is vdelivered therefrom under pressure throughthe openings |48and i4! and the pipe |50 into the space 93 in the pressure relief valve, from whichspace 93 it is conducted through the outlet passagel ||1 to piping which may be connected to the flange |20 so as to be from there carried into a fluidsupply tank or other means of disposal. The piston and cylinder leakage is accordingly kept from entering the. crankcase In the opening |4| a check valve may be employed in the form of a ball |52v held in closure-positionhy a spring |53. The ittings |41 are of simple construction and are of such character that the pipes |48 and |50 may be readily removed whenever it is desired to dismantle the parts of the pump, and each of such fittings comprises a bar or stem |54 having a threaded inner end |55 so as to be screwed into an opening. Extending outwardly from the inner end of the member |54 vis an opening |58 which connectsv through radial openings |51 with an external circular member |58 formed on the member |54. Around the projecting cylindrical portion of the member |54,1a bored block is placed, such block being clamped between gasvkets v|8| and |82 by means ,cfa cap nut |83.

In Fig. 3 the pipe 85 is shown connected to the high pressure passage 2| of the pump and to the pressure gauge '88 by use of connecting devices |41.

The capacity of the high pressure pump may be adapted for a selected pumping operation by selecting motors o'f different speeds within reasonable limits and by replacing the pistonsA 35 and the cooperating liners 23 with pistons and liners of different diameters. The liners 23'rnay be made with bores of different sizes, andathe pistons or'plungers .35 may be readily made to ilt the same, and such parts may be interchanged without the necessity of replacing the block i2 and its valve parts. Likewise, theg, maximum pressure against which the pump may operate I may be determined by the size 'of the motor-employed, and our invention provides for the easy I replacement of motors without disturbingV the reduction gears of the pump.

In Fig. Z'the gear case `I5 andthe cover|8 f driven by a small pinion |18 secured to the lend of a motor shaft |80 which projects into the gear case cover I8 through an opening |8| which is' counterbored at its outer end to provide an therefor enclose a space in which reduction annularbe'aring recess |82 to receive a ball bearing |83 for the motor shaft |80. The gear case cover i8 has a disc-shaped Awall |84 providing a circularlip |85 for engaging the cylindrical frame or case |86 of a motor |81, the wall IM forming the leftward end bell or end wall of the motor |81 when the frame |85 thereof is secured against the wall |84 by bolts |88 which pass through openings |90. Feet |89 for the rightward end of the pumping device may be conveniently formed on the gearvcase cover I6, and feet |9| for the leftward end of the pumping `device may be cast on the crankcase The opening i8| in the gear case cover i6 is of such size that the pinion |18 will readily pass therethrough, thereby making it possible to remove the motor |87, its armature, its shaft I, and the pinion l'ii. The power of the motor |81 may be varied by changing the length of the field and armature; accordingly, where the pump is intended for light duty, a relatively short motor, as indicated by dotted lines |92, may be mounted thereon. The changing of the power unit of the pumping device'may be accomplished without disturbing the gears in the gear case l other than by the removal and replacement of the pinion |18.

Although we have herein shown and described our invention in simple and practical form, it is recognized that certain parts or elements thereof are representative of other parts, elements, or mechanisms which may be used in substantially the same manner to accomplish substantially the same results; therefore. it is vto be understood that the invention is not to be limited to the details disclosed herein but is to be accorded the full scope of the following claims. l

We claim as our invention:

l. A device of the character described, including: a cylinder block having a bore with intake and discharge valve means at the outer end thereof and a counterbore at the inner end thereof; a tubular liner adapted to ilt said bore, said liner having a ange at the inner end thereof to pass into said counterbore and limit the outwardmovement of said liner in said bore; a body adapted to be secured against the inner end of said cylinder block, said body having an opening aligned with said bore, there being a shoulder adjacent said opening; securing means for forcing said body against the inner endof said cylinder block'; an annular memberin said opening 'and engaging said shoulder of said body and the inner end of said liner; and sealing means for preventing agflow of iiuidthrough said bor outside of said/liner, said sealing meansfbeing actuated in response to the forcing of rsaid body against said cylinder block. n

2. A device of the character described, includ- I ing: a cylinder block having a bore with intake and discharge valve means 'at the outer end thereof anda counterbore at the inner end thereof a tubular liner adapted to lit said bore, said linerhaving a flange 'at the inner end thereof to pass into said counterbore and limit the outward movement of said liner in said bore; a body adapted to besecured against the inner end of said cylinder'block, said body having an opening aligned with 'said bore, there being a shoulder in said opening and a passage in Jsaid body communi'cating with said opening; screwk means for f forcing said body against the inner end of said cylinder block; an annular member in said opening and engaging said shoulder of said body and the inner end of saidliner; sealing means for preventing a flow of fluid through said bore outside of said liner, said sealing means being actuated in response to the forcing of said body against said cylinder block; reciprocating means adjacent said body; a piston member in said bore of said liner; a part extending from said piston member through said annular member, said counterbore, and said opening to said reciprocating means for reciprocating said piston member in said liner; and sealing means for resisting escape of fluid from the lower end o1' said opening, the leakage iiuid which passes said piston member in said liner being removed from said opening through said passage in said body.

3. A high'pressure pump of the character described, including: a cylinder block having a bore adapted to receive a liner in the inner end thereof; a liner to fit said bore, said liner having an opening selected in accordance with the pumping capacity desired; an actuating Yelement having reciprocating means disposed adjacent the inner end of said block; a piston' member operative within the bore of said liner, said piston member having a part extending' therefrom into operative connection with the reciprocating means of said actuating element; and means for preventing leakage o f fluid from the bore of said liner into said actuating element, comprising a wall having an opening corresponding to the diameter of said cylinder block bore, and a reducer tted into said opening, said reducer having a bore corresponding to the size of said extending part. of said piston membery and having sealing means for preventing leakage along said part. there being a fluid escape passage extending from said opening in a plane between said sealing means and the inner end of said liner.

. A high pressure pump of 'the character described, inciuding: a cylinder block having a bore adapted to receive a liner in the inner end thereof; a liner to fit said bore, -said liner having an lopening selected in accordance with the pumping capacity desired; an actuating element having reciprocating means disposed adjacent the inner end of said block; a piston -membe' operative within the bore of said liner, said piston member having a part extending therefrom into operative connectionv with the reciprocating means of said reducer having sealing means forupreventingV leakage along said part. there being a uid escape passage extending from said opening in a plane between said sealing means and the inner end of said liner.

CLARENCE J. COBERLY. CLYDE F. HANSON.