US2330094A - Solid-fuel heating device - Google Patents

Description

Sept. 21, 1943. N. VAN HOOSE SOLID-FUEL HEATING DEVICE Filed March '7, 1941 A Home Patented Sept. 21, 1943 Neal VanHoose, fiellevi lla'fii'a fagsigijioi line? f half'to'Robert J Har ding,- nast st; Lament;-

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"'1' Claim: relate-vii).

, This invention relates to improvements in heating devices, such as stoves, furnaces and the like, used in heating of rooms and similar places as the needarises, and'has as its primary objectthe burning of relatively high volatile content solid- I' ing a minimum, offtime andattentiqmwnic f not burn o 11 parts rapidly, wal otta n a i g imum heating value fror'n'the r ISO Vid'e'in'such-a heaterfasrrrokeflue haviiig as i g outlet from are combustion chamber of theheat er,- at-a psi-m substantially irrir fieeliateiy the top of the grate, and the entrairiiniehttofvadr from eutsidethe heater through the fuel in the same, in a predetermined manner; there being an admission of such air from below said grate to maintain the latter as cool as possibleand prevent the same from burning out, an admission of air from above the fuel so as to travel through the latter for a considerable distance to combine with any of the gases of combustion therein and coke the fuel for substantially the full height of the bed of fuel, and an admission of such air to travel substantially horizontally through the fuel from a point substantially opposite and in the horizontal plane of the flue opening into the heater.

Many other objects and advantages of the construction herein shown and described, will be obvious to those skilled in the art to which this invention appertains, as will be more apparent from the disclosures herein given.

In the drawing, wherein I have illustrated a preferred embodimentof my invention, and in which similar parts are designated by like reference characters throughout the views,

Figure 1 is a vertical sectional view through a simpleform of heater unit; and

Figure 2 is a front elevation of the same.

Referring more particularly to the drawing, I

will

have illustrated my irii entionirisubstantially/tits simplest 'for1n;. but it :is to be understood at this point that theprinoiple's", functionsgand purposes herein about :to be. set =-,fi'tli, may :be, applied to more complicated and intricate: h'eatinadevices; arid-mien s'tearir, hot-vsfal'rirv and timer .types. .of heating systems; as .well as the -,r oem theater Toithis end',:the'rez is :shown ashellul elf-the re quiredlcapa'city; of radiation spaceand fuel-held ing' size, this shell being" preferably tapered or redhce'd inzinside' cross-sedtional' opening-toward its lower end; for. apiirpese to ,beliereinafter de seribedgs, r r A grate?! ispositioired transversely across the shell interrriediate its :top' and: bottom,- andfbeneath'the same there may'abezre moizably inserted the usual" ash -"re'teptacle fi,thezdoor A permitting easy handling of said receptacle and aisorha "he to beabuilt up vwith-iii:-naerel ance, as wouldadjustment ferwvarying. the idrait: opening; 7 HQW; everpit istoibe spcificall y-stressedaat point, that :there' ars'rriall permanent; draft opening; 5

below the grate; sotrrat t no timercany'allolfi the ,dr aftbe' shut off -here'. this' wayit is: ,imp9

srbletoipermit highlydarrfgerous, explosive be caused by? a". corhpletesealinschere, under cer- 't tii ilzcdiiditilorl s'h 1 r, r wheifu'eltredelvirig or magazine chambers 5 Bis at the upper side of the grate, of course, and extends upwardly therefrom towards the top of the shell, where there is arranged the charging door I, also provided with adjustable air-entrainment openings, and there is preferably a permanent draft opening 8 at this point, and for the same purpose and reasons as for the opening 5. The body of fuel 9 does not come clear to the top of the heater, and so there remains the space lil above the top of the body of fuel.

The flue H has but a single opening l2 into the shell wall, preferably substantially immediately above the upper surface of the grate thereat, so that a maximum depth or height of coking may be permitted in the body of fuel above said grate. The portion of the flue that com- 'muni'cates with the interior of the combustion permits of easy removal of the same should there a be any lodgment thereat. Such a construction of the flue at this point, will increase the ef- 2 fective life of the same, inasmuch as there will be a minimum of burning of fuel within the flue.

There is arranged, in addition to the two sources of draft above-mentioned, and if so desired, a third source of draft, namely throughin the flue wall adjacent the point where the same enters the shell, in order to be sure to provide oxygen to any combustible gases yet unburned passing through this region.

Enough air may be admitted from above the fuel to carry the volatile, carbonaceous gases downwardly through the fuel bed towards the grate, upon which part there burns the layer of already incandescent fuel, and whereby the, resultant waste gases may be withdrawn through the flue. However, the main source of draft is furnished from below the grate, the outside air arising through the latter to keep the under side of the grate relatively cool, thence passing on through the burning fuel and out the flue. The incandescent level is therefore far below. the top of the fuel in the combustion chamber; it is at substantially the height of the flue opening l2. l

The air admitted through the intermediate door at the front of the heater tends to'spread or widen the incandescent area horizontally from adjacent the center and rear of the heater, bringing this incandescent layer towards the front of the'latter, There need not beany permanent vent adjacent said intermediate door, as the previously mentioned positioning of permanent openings, and most especially the one below the grate, will take care of preventing any explosions resulting from too great an accumulation of gases within the heater. The check draft l5 may be placed on the flue sufiiciently close to the leadein to the heater shell, and wherein it may serve as a clean-out to insure complete dislodgment of any sediment in the flue at this region.

As previously mentioned, the heater shell is preferably reduced in internal diameter toward the grate, somewhat as shown, so that as the fuel becomes coked above the flue outlet, the coal will automatically lower itself to continue to substantially fill the width of the combustion chamber, to insure that the air and other gases passing downwardly will travel through the entire mass of fuel above the grate, and not travel merely around the rim.

Thus, there will be a most efficient admixture of the gases reaching the incandescent areas, to completely burn the same with minimum loss of its heat units, and permitting the burning of substantially the lowest grades of bituminous fuel, even in those localities having stringent smoke laws.

Having thus described my invention, it is obvious that various immaterial changes may be made in the same without departing from the spirit of my invention; hence I do not wish to be understood as limiting myself to the exact form, arrangement, construction, and combination of parts herein shown and described, except as limited by the state of the art to which theinvention appertains, and the claim hereunto appended. V

What I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

In a heater using solid fuel for heating a room, a single shell having 'a grate substantially entirely thereacross to receive a body of fuel, a flue leading from said shell wall from immediately above said grate and extending directly into the room to be heated, an ash chamber below said grate, a bottom opening in said shell in substantially horizontal alignment with said flue for admitting air from exteriorly of said shell to pass upwardly through said grate, atop opening in said shell for admitting outside air to pass downwardly through said body of fuel, and an intermediate opening for admitting air from without said shell'substantially in horizontal alignment withthe flue outlet to pass horizontallythrough said body of fuel.

'. NEAL VAN HOOSE.

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