US2315092A - Scraper - Google Patents

Description

Mar ch 30', 194

c. FRENCH SCRAPER Original Fild Sept. 9, 1939 3 Shets-Sheet l mlffffz/ ATTORNEY.

March 30, 1943. H. c. FRENCH SCRAPER Original Filed Sept.- 9, 1959 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 ATTOR March 30, 1943. H. C.VFREN"CH' SCRAPER Original FiledSept. 9,];939

3 Sheets-Sheet 3 ATTORNEY.

Patented Mar. 30, 1943 UNITED STATE PATENT OFFICE soaam Henry 0. French, Elm Grove, Wia, assignor to The Hell 00., Milwaukee, Wis a corporation of Wisconsin Original application September 9, 1939. Serial No.

294,047. Divided and this her 9, 1949, Serial No. 369,234

1 Claims. (Ci. 37-126) The present invention relates in general to improvements in the art of dirt moving, and relates more specifically to improvements in the construction and operation of scrapers for digging,

hauling and spreading earth or the like, and this application is a division of my co-pending application SerialNumber 294,047, filed September 9, 1939, now Patent No. 2,280,696.

Generally defined, an object of the invention unload the dirt confining bowl, with relatively simple mechanism.

To provide a sturdy and durablescraper assemblage which may be readily constructed of sheet metal and standard bar stock or the like, at relatively low cost.

To provide an improved scraper of the Jackknife frame type, and improved mechanism for relatively moving the front and rear articulable frame sections.

,To'provide various other improvements in the construction and, operation of dig and carry scrapers whereby the cost of construction and operation is reduced to a minimum, and which scrapersare operable with maximum eificiency and capacity under most adverse conditions.

A clear conception of the features constituting my present invention, and of the mode of constructing and of assembling a scraper built in accordance with the improvement, may be had by referring to the drawings accompanying, and forming a part of this specification, wherein like reference characters designate the same or similar parts in the variousviews.

Fig. 1 is a central longitudinal section through one of the improved scrapers, showing the parts in normal cutting and loading position;

Fig. 2 is a similar longitudinal sectional view showing the] parts in load carrying or'transport ing position;

Fig. 3 is another similar longitudinal sectional view, showing the parts in load discharging and spreading position; and

l and carry road scraper shown therein, comprises application Decem- Fig. 4 is a partially schematic top view illustrating the reeving system.

While the improvements have been specifically embodied in a two cable actuated dig and carry road scraper of large capacity having a tiltable load supporting bottom plate cooperable with a pivotally suspended front apron, it is not the intent to thereby unnecessarily restrict the scope or utility of the invention, 7 Referring to the drawings, the improved dig in general, a rugged front frame |l transportable by and swingably suspended from a front wheel supported carriage H and having laterally separated rearwardly extending integral side arms l2; a rugged rear frame I! transportable by and swingably suspended from a rear wheel supported carriage l4, and having laterally separated forwardly extending integral opposite side walls Ii, disposed between the rear ends of the front frame arms 1| 2 and rigidly interconnected by means of cross-beams II, H, II, II; alined pivots 20 articulably interconnecting the rear ends of the front frame arms 12 with the medial lower outer portions of the rear frame side walls ll slightly above the cross-beam l1; an L-shaped load supporting plate 2| pivotally suspended at its front portion from the rear frame l3 near the cross-beam H by means of a pivot shaft 22, and

having an upwardly projecting rear portion 24 cooperable with the rear beams I8, is to support the load; a front load confining apron 25 having integral side arms 26 located between and swingably suspended from the upper inner portions of the side walls I! by means. of alined pivot pins 21, and-being cooperable witha cutting blade 28 mounted on the cross-beam i1, and with the side Walls II to normally confine the loads upon the bottom plate 2|; a rigid frame articulating lever 29 swingably suspended at its medial portion from the front frame I! by means oi!v a pivot shaft II and having its rear end connected to the medial portion of the front cross-beam l6 of the rear frame H! by means of links 2| and pivot pins 32, I3; mechanism for effecting actuation of the plate 2| and of the apron 25 to swing these elehments about their suspension pivots; and other mechanism cooperating withthe lever 29 for bodily raising and lowering the plate 2|, apron 25 and blade 28. I

,The frames i0, I3, plate 2|, apron 25, and lever 29 may be formed of rigid sheet metal plate welded or otherwise flrmly' united; and the front frame l0 and carriage H are transportable on rubber tired wheels 34 which normally travel in front er and centrally of the path of scraping and thereby providing a stable transportable support for the scraper unit. The front carriage H is preferably provided with a suitable draw bar adapted for convenient attachment to a tractor, and the rear carriage ll may be provided with I a pusher pad for facilitating advancement of the scraper by means of a power unit applied to the rear of the assemblage. The. front frame II is of box-beam construction and must be of sumcient height to clear the carriage II and wheels 34 when these elements are swung about their vertical axis for steering and lateral guiding, and the lever supporting pivot shaft II is mounted upon a bracket 38 secured to the upper crossbeam of the frame II. The rear frame ll is swingabiy suspended from the-axle of the rear carriage I so as to swing only in a vertical plane and not laterally of the wheels II, and the opposite side walls I! of the frame it may be reinforced by external ribs 3! in order to avoid deflection thereof. These parallel vertical walls II are moreover rigidly united by the cross-beams I, l1, I8, I! which are welded or otherwise nrmly attached thereto, and the space between the lower beams l'l,- I! is open in order to permit material which may escape pastthe bottom plate 2 I, to drop freely to the ground.

The bottom plate II which constitutes the sole means for directly supporting the weight of a load I, is preferably formed of durable sheet are fixedly supported from the cross-beam It by means of outwardly inclined struts II. A pair of cable sheaves 53 are mounted on a shaft l4 carried by the upper end of an L-shaped arm I the lower end ofwhichis attachedtotheearsllby a pivot pin it, and the shaft I4 is provided with rollers II which'are adapted to travel along the tracks 5!. The sheaves I are therefor rollable along the tracks I, and when these sheaves are advanced upwardly along the tracks, the plate II is tilted about its pivot shaft 23 and dumps the material resting thereon, forwardly over the blade '28. The front apron 18 has a single cable sheave 5| Journalled between its front flanges ll by means of a shaft 50, and is adapted to be fully elevated, or partially raised, or completely lowered, as shown in the drawings. The upper forward ends of the rails ii are connected with the metal, and is abundantly reinfor'ced'by ribs ll and a transverse topbeam 42. .The plate II is swingable between the side walls II of the frame I! about the pivot shaft 2!, and when the bottom plate is in load receiving and supporting position, the upper beam 42 coasts with, the rear frame beam ll. The upper portion of the rear wall 24 is provided with integral ears ll, and the crossbeam is of the rear frame ll may be provided with an upwardly and forwardly inclined stiff plate 48 extending entirely across the top of the bottom plate II and cooperating with the rear wall thereof, to prevent material from spilling over the beam II and to also direct the rising material forwardly into the loading space. The lower cross-beam H of the rear frame I! should be of extremely rigid construction, and the cutting blade 28 may be detachably secured to this beam in any suitable manner.

The front apron II which spans the gap between the side walls I! of the frame l3, may be constructed of sheet metal and has a lower reinforced edge portion 48 which is cooperable with the blade 28 to confine the load ll within the scraper. This front apron 25 is provided with rigid ears 8, and the side arms Ii which swingstruts if by means of a rigid bracket ll in which the shaft II is Journalled, and four alined sheaves O! are rotatably supported by the shaft I. An equalizer sheave 83 is mounted upon the-medial portion of the blade elevating and lowering lever 20, by means of a Journal shaft 64; and a single continuous cable 65 coacts with all of the sheaves ii, 62, SI, 53, in such manner that a pull on the cable at will first elevate the apron II and will thereafter tilt the plate II. The cable II t after coacting with the equalizing sheave ll, ex-

tends over one of the sheaves 0, beneath one of the sheaves 1| and forwardly to an actuating winch, ordinarily located on the propelling tractor. Y

The front andrear frames II. II which are articulably connected by the pivot shafts it, may be swung relatively to each other about these pivots, by means of another flexible cable II. This cable 13 extends from the winch on the tractor, rearwardly. between the vertical guide rollers H, over a horizontal guide roller 12, and after winding about the remaining complemmtary sets of front sheaves N, II, the cable 18 passes through a cable clamp II and connects with a cable supply roll. The sheave it is moimtedon ashaft llcarriedbythefrontswinginl end of the lever 20, and the sheave fl is mounted upon a shaft ll carried by the front frame II: and the cooperation between the cable II and the sheaves 6!,- IQ is such that when a pull is exerted on this cable, the lever II will he owns! about its pivot ll from the position shown in Fig. 1 to that shown in Pig. 2. thereby elevating the cutting blade 28 away from the ground. when the pull on the cable 13 is released, the weight of the rear frame I! and plate ll will cause the blade to move downwardly either to the position shown in Fig.1, or to some intermediate position such as shown in I'll. 3. de-

-pendent upon the complete or partial release of ably support the apron II are abruptly curved in order to clear other movable parts and to avoid interference by the load ll to lowering movement of the apron.

The mechanism for effecting actuation of the load supporting plate 2i and of the front apron 2! so as to swing these parts about their respective suspension pivots 23, 21, may comprise a' single cable for elevating both the plate and apron in proper sequence. The rear frame It is preferably provided with a pair of upwardly and forwardly inclined tracks II the lower ends of which are rigidly attached to and supported by the transverse plate 48, and the upper ends of which the pull. The two cables 0|, 1! are manipulable independentLv of each other, and may also be independently renewed.

During normal operation of the improved scraper, the front and rear frames II, It may be relatively adjusted so as to either lower the blade 28 inthe groundas showninrimlforloading purposes; or the blade may be elevated to the position shown in Fig. 2 for load carrying purposes; or the frames may be relatively positioned as in Fig. 3 for discharging and apreadingpurposes. when the ammblageis in the position showninFig. 1 and the scraperis advancedalml the ground, the load II will enter the space above the plate II andwill pile up within theload carryingzone. Iftheloadreachesaheightabova the rear wall I! of the bottom plate fl, then the inclined stationary plate 48 will become effective to prevent spilling of earth and to direct the excess material forwardly over the plate 2|. any dirt which escapes along the oppomte sides of the bottom plate 2| or over the rear extension 21 thereof, will obviously fall freely to the ground since the bottom plate II is in fact the only load sustaining element in the assemblage. During scraping operation, the front apron 25 may be elevated to the position shown in Fig. l, or to any greater height, and as the load ll mamalates upon the plate 2i and within the loading sone it is preferable to gradually lower the apron 28 so as to most eflectiveiy confine. the material.

When the plate 2| has been'properly loaded with earth, the front apron Il may be lowered into engagement with the blade 28, and the em tire load may be elevated from the ground as shown in Fig. 2. In order to accomplish this it is only necessary to release the cable so as to permit the apron to drop by gravity. A pull may then be exerted upon the cable 13 so as to cause the lever 10 to swing from the position shown in Fig. 1 to the position shown in Fig. 2, and the scraper and its confined load ll may then be transported along the ground until it becomes desirable to discharge the load from above the plate 2i.

In order to discharge and to simultaneously spread'the load 40, it is preferable to somewhat lower the cutting blade 28 to the position shown in Fig. 3. and this may be done by releasing the tension on the cable 13. when the blade 2! has been properly positioned, the cable 13 may be held, and the cable Il may then be actuated to first elevate the front apron ll to a desired position, and to thereafter tilt the bottom plate II to the position shown in Fig. 3. During such tilting of the bottom plate, the rollers II will ride along the track 5! and will cause the link to positively tilt the bottom plate it. As this plate is tilted, the load 0 will be gradually delivered over the blade 28 onto the ground, and the dirt will be simultaneously spread as the scraper unit is advanced along the groimd.

From the foregoing detailed description it will of several cables. and the use of the lever a mounted on the front frame II and coacting with the foremost portion of the rear frame I 3, provides simple and effective means for cbanginl the elevation of the blade 28. This blade 28 may obviously be supported either on the cross-beam H, or directly on the tiltable bottom 2|. When.

the plate 2! is in' lowermost position, it is rigidly supported by the rear beams It, II, and the front beam l6 besides providing a rigid support for the rails or tracks Bl also provides means for cooporation with the elevating lever 29., The entire assemblage is extremely strong and rigid and will effectively withstand considerable abuse, and

. the improved machine has proven highly satisfactory in actual commercial use.

It should be understood that itis not desired to limit this invention to the exact details of construction or to the precise mode of use, herein shown and described, for various modifications within the scope of the-claims may occur to persons skilled in the art,

I claim: 1. In combination, articul'ably interconnected frames, a bowl and scraper blade carried by one of said frames, cable actuated means for controlling the discharge of dirt'from said bowl, a lever pivoted intermediate its length to the other frame, the inner end of said lever being atticulably connected to said bowl frame, an equalizer sheave means carried by said lever adjacent the pivotal connection thereof, sheaves carried by the outer end ofsaid lever, sheaves carried by said lever-carrying frame below the sheaves carried by the outer end of said lever, a bowl actuating cable extending beneath said equalizer sheave means, over one of the sheaves on the outer end of said lever and beneath one of the sheaves on the lever-carrying frame, and a secand cable. ccacting with another one of the last lower said lever and thereby raise and lower the scraper blade.

2. In combination, ar'ticulably interconnected frames, a bowl and scraper blade carried by one .of said frames, cable actuated means for con trolling the discharge'oi dirt from said bowL'a lever pivoted intermediate its length to the other frame, the inner end of said lever being articulably connected to said bowl frame, an equalizer sheave rotatably mounted adjacent to the pivotal connection of said lever, sheaves carried by the outer end of said lever, sheaves car ried by said lever-carrying frame below the.

sheaves carried by the outer end of said lever, a bowl actuating cable extending beneath said equalizer sheave, over one of the sheaves on the outer end of said lever and beneath one of the sheaves on the lever-carrying frame, and a sec-- ond cable coacting with another one of the lastmentioned sheaves and with one of the sheaves on the forward portion of the lever to raise and lower said lever and thereby raise and lower the scraper blade.

3. In combination, articulably interconnoted frames, abowl and scraper blade carried by one of said frames, cable actuated means for controlling the discharge of dirt from said bowl, a lever pivoted to the other frame, the inner end of said lever being articulably connected to said bowl frame, an equaliser sheave adjacent the pivotrl connection of said lever, sheaves carried by the. outer end of said lever, sheaves carried by said lever-carrying frame below the sheaves carlied by the outer end of said lever, a bowl actusting cable extending beneath said equaliner sheave-over one of the sheaves on the outer end of said lever and beneath one of the sheaves on the lever-carrying frame, and a second cable coacting with another one of the last mentioned sheaves and with one of the sheaves on the forward portion of the lever to raise and lower said lever and thereby raise and lower the scraperbkde 1 v d. In combination, articulabiy interconnected frames, a bowl and scraper blade carried by one of said frames, cable actuated means for controlling the discharge of dirt from said bowl, a lever pivoted to the other frame, the inner end of said lever being articulably connected to said bowl frame, an equalizer sheave carried by said lever adjacent the pivotal connection thereof, sheaves carried by the outer end of said lever, sheaves carried by said lever-carrying frame below the sheaves carried by the outer end of said lever, a bowl actuating cable extending beneath said equalizer sheave, over one of the sheaves on the outer end of said lever and beneath one of the sheaves on the lever carrying frame, and a second cable coacting with another one of the last mentioned sheaves and with one of the sheaves on the forward portion of the lever to raise and lower said lever and thereby raise and lower the scraper blade.

5. In combination, articulably interconnected frames, a bowl and scraper blade carried by one of the said frames, cable actuated means for controlling the discharge of dirt from said bowl, a lever pivoted to the other frame, the inner end of said lever being articulably connected to said bowl frame, an equalizer sheave rotatably carried adjacent the pivotal connection of said lever, a sheave carried by the outer end of said lever, a sheave carried by the lever-carrying frame, a bowl-actuating cable extending beneath said equalizer sheave and coacting with the sheave on the outer end of the lever and with the sheave on the lever-carrying frame, and separate means for controlling the raising and lowering of said lever to raise and lower the scraper blade.

6. In combination, articulably interconnected frames, a bowl and scraper blade carried by one of said frames, cable actuated means for controlling the discharge of dirt from said bowl, a lever pivoted to the other frame, the inner end of said lever being articulably connected to said bowl frame, an equalizer sheave rotatably carried by said lever adjacent the pivotal connection of said lever, a sheave carried by the outer end of said lever, a sheave carried by the levercarrying frame, a bowl actuating cable extending beneathsaid equalizer sheave and coasting with the sheave on the outer end of the lever and with the sheave on the lever-carrying frame, and separate means for controlling the raising and lowering of said lever to raise and lower the scraper blade.-

7. In combination, articulably interconnected frames, a bowl and scraper blade carried by one of said frames, cable actuated means for controlling the discharge of dirt from said bowl, a lever pivoted to the other frame, the inner end 4 of said lever being articulably connected to said bowl frame, an equalizer sheave rotatably carried adjacent the pivotal connection of said lever, a sheave carried by the outer end of said lever, a sheave carried by the lever-carrying frame, a

.bowl actuating cable extending beneath said equalizer sheave and coacting with the sheave on the outer end of the lever and with the sheave on the lever-carrying frame, and additional cable controlled means coacting with the outer end of the lever and with the lever carrying frame for raising and lowering the lever to raise and lower the scraper blade.

HENRY C. FRENCH.

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