US2311583A - Means for conditioning air - Google Patents
Means for conditioning air Download PDFInfo
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- US2311583A US2311583A US283950A US28395039A US2311583A US 2311583 A US2311583 A US 2311583A US 283950 A US283950 A US 283950A US 28395039 A US28395039 A US 28395039A US 2311583 A US2311583 A US 2311583A
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- drum
- air
- water bath
- housing
- water
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F3/00—Air-conditioning systems in which conditioned primary air is supplied from one or more central stations to distributing units in the rooms or spaces where it may receive secondary treatment; Apparatus specially designed for such systems
- F24F3/12—Air-conditioning systems in which conditioned primary air is supplied from one or more central stations to distributing units in the rooms or spaces where it may receive secondary treatment; Apparatus specially designed for such systems characterised by the treatment of the air otherwise than by heating and cooling
Definitions
- This invention refers to means for conditioning air, and it is an object to perform this with greater efficiency and economy than heretofore, by means of a compact installation representing a minimum first cost, while ensuring that the finally conditioned air will be delivered pure and free from dust and all extraneous odors.
- An object of the invention is to provide such apparatus for conditioning air which may be used independently of whatever temperature or humidity the entering raw air may have, and the apparatus must of course for practical reasons be of such construction that it will always work according to the same fundamental principle notwithstanding changes in the weather.
- the apparatus embodying the invention includes such a rotary drum arranged within a housing, which drum is provided with filter surfaces that during the rotation dip into a heated water bath in the lower part of the housing so that the filter surfaces take up water, an air current being pressed through the moistened filter surfaces to be filtered, and then heated and moistened.
- the filter material from metal, the mass of which is so adapted and distributed in relation to the quantity of water taken up by the filter material during its passage through the water bath that the major part of the heat transmitted to the air is carried by the heated metallic masses of the filter, whereas only the remaining minor part of said heat is transmitted to the air by the water taken up by the filter from the water bath.
- a practical embodiment of the filter material of the drum preferably consists of one or more layers of perforated sheet metal, in which the perforations have been made in such a manner that pressed out tongues are formed in the circumference, which tongues are adapted to act as turbine blades and to rotate the drum by the action of the air current blown against the filter surface.
- One or more layers of metal wire cloth may, if desired be combined with said sheet metal plate or plates for the purpose of increasing the heat exchanging ability of the peripheral wall of the drum.
- Another embodiment may consist of superposed metal screens.
- Figs. 1 and 2 show two elevational sections which are perpendicular to each other, of 'a practical form of an apparatus made according to the invention and embodying the salient features thereof.
- a housing I has a lower closed portion 2 containing a water bath 3, the level of which is kept constant by means of an overflow pipe 4 that may be adjustable in height if desired.
- the water is admitted through a suitable inlet controlled by a float 5 so that the smallest possible quantity of water may flow off through the pipe 4.
- a hollow cylindrical drum 6 is secured on a rotatable horizontal shaft 1, while its circumference 8 is constructed to form a filter surface consisting, for example of one or several layers of metal wire cloth having its openings or meshes adapted for filter action.
- the lower portion of the drum 6 dips into the water bath 3, while at the top is an intake port 9 for introducing the air to be treated and ill a rear discharge port for discharging the same, said intake and discharge ports being so arranged that the air must pass through the filter surface portion 8 to reach the discharge port I0.
- the intake port 9 may be connected to the pressure side of a fan, or the discharge port may be connected to the suction side of a fan.
- the intake port 9 is so arranged and directed in relation to the circumference 8 of the drum that the air current entering the intake port is urged towards the circumference of the wall, developing forces that act so as to turn the drum, whereas the discharge port it is axially arranged in substantially parallel relation to the shaft of the drum.
- the intake port is thus suitably arranged and directed that the major part of the air is blown tangentially against the circumference of the drum.
- the air intake port 9 is directed towards the portion of the drum situated above the shaft 1, the upper wall ll of the air intake being arranged at a distance above the circumference of the drum and curved about the latter so'that a curved channel I! for the air is formed behind the upper portion of the drum, through which channel the air is led tangentially against the circumference 8 of the latter.
- a set of plates i3 acting as turbine blades are secured to the drum inside the circumference 8. These blades 13 are supported by one end wall H of the drum and extend axially through the drum towards the opposite end wall IS in which an opening I6 is provided for the discharge of the air.
- the perforations may readily be so punched out that pressed out tongues I I are formed in the filter surface itself which will serve as turbine blades, as indicated in Fig. 1. Said tongues act at the same time as dust separating elements, as the dust particles, due to their momentum tend to rush past the perforations whereas the air is led into them. It is clear that the blades l3 may be used at the same time.
- perforated sheet metal with such pressed out tongues I 1 one or several layers of metal wire cloth may, if desired, be secured inside or outside the tongues, but this is optional.
- the filter drum has been shown as freely rotatably joumalled so as to be rotated by the air current blown by a fan, but it should be observed that the drum may instead be mechanically driven by a separate motor or from the shaft that drives the fan when the latter is used, although neither are shown.
- the air to be treated may then of course also be led through the drum either from the inside or the outside, and the drum may either be driven in or against the direction of the air current generated by the fan.
- the air entering through the intake of the housing may consist entirely of raw air taken directly from the atmosphere, or it may instead consist of return air or be mixed with some return air from the place of air consumption, if this is desired. If the treatment described is to be combined with a limited dry-heating of the air, such heating can well be carried out by suitable means before the air is led into the housing of the invention.
- apparatus for conditioning air having a housing, a drum rotatably journalled in said housing, a water bath in the bottom portion of said housing and filter surface portions upon said drum adapted to be dipped into said water bath during the rotation of said drum and take up water therefrom, there being means for giving the water bath a desired temperature, and means for driving a current of air through the moistened filter surface portion in order to purify, moisten and adjust the temperature of the treated air
- the feature which consists in having the filter material of said drum consist of metal in the form of a permeable mass which is so conditioned and distributed that the major part of the heat exchanged between the air and the water bath is transmitted by the metallic masses of said filter material while only the remaining minor part of said heat is transmitted directly by the water taken up by the rotating drum from the water bath, the air intake of said drum being so adapted and directed in relation to the drum that the air current is blown against the outside of the circumference of the drum while developing forces that exert a rotating action on the drum, and the air discharge of the drum being being
- apparatus for conditioning air having a housing, a drum rotatably journalled in said housing, a water bath in the bottom portion of said housing and filter surface portions upon said drum adapted to be dipped into said water bath during the rotation of said drum and take up water therefrom, there being means for giving the water bath a desired temperature, and means for driving a current of air through the moistened filter surface portion in order to purify, moisten and adjust the temperature of the treated air
- the feature which consists in having the filter material of said drum consist of metal in the form of a permeable mass which is so conditioned and distributed that the major part of the heat exchanged between the air and the water bath is transmitted by the metallic masses of said filter material while only the remaining minor part of said heat is transmitted directly by the water taken up by the rotating drum from the water bath, the air intake of said drum being so adapted and directed in relation to the drum that the major part of the air current is blown substantially tangentially against the circumference of the drum, while developing forces that exert a rotating action on the drum, and the
- apparatus for conditioning air having a housing, a drum rotatably iournalled in said housing, a water bath in the bottom portion of said housing and filter surface portions upon said drum adapted to be dipped into said water bath during the rotation of said drum and take up water therefrom, there being means for giving the water bath a desired temperature, and means for driving a current of air through the moistened filter surface portion in order to purify, moisten and adjust the temperature of the treated air
- the feature which consists in having the filter material of said drum consist of metal in the form of a permeable mass which is so conditioned and distributed that the major part of the heat exchanged between the air and the water bath is transmitted by the metallic masses of said filter material while only the remaining minor part of said heat is transmitted directly by the water taken up by the rotating dmm from the water bath, the air intake of said drum being directed towards the outside of a portion of the drum situated above the axis of the drum, and the upper wall of the air intake being arranged at a distance above the circumference of the drum
- apparatus for conditioning air having a housing, a drum rotatably journalled in said housing, a water bath in the bottom portion of said housing and filter surface portions upon said drum adapted to be dipped into said water bath during the rotation of said drum and take up water therefrom, there being means for giving the water bath a desired temperature, and means for driving a current of air through the moistened filter surface portion in order to purify, moisten and adjust the temperature of the treated air
- the feature which consists in having the filter material of said drum consist of metal in the form of a permeable mass which is so conditioned and disturbed that the major part of the heat exchanged between the air and the water bath is transmitted by the metallic masses of aid filter material while only the remaining minor part of said heat is transmitted directly by the water taken up by the rotating drum from the water bath, the air intake of said drum being so adapted and directed in relation to the drum that the air current is blown against the outside of the circumference of the drum while develop ing forces that exert a rotating action on the drum, the air discharge of the drum being
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Filtering Materials (AREA)
Description
Feb. 16, 1943. M EN 2,311,583
MEANS FOR CONDITIONING AIR Filed July 12, 1959 mven'rqu N\LS OLOF HARRY STYREN RTTQRMYS Patented Feb; 16, 1943 MEANS FOR CONDITIONING AIR Nils 0101' Harry Styrn, Enkoplng, Sweden, as-
signor to Aktlebolaget Enkiipings Verkstider, Fanna, Enkoping, Sweden Application July 12, 1939, Serial No. 283,950 In .Sweden June 3, 1938 Claims.
This invention refers to means for conditioning air, and it is an object to perform this with greater efficiency and economy than heretofore, by means of a compact installation representing a minimum first cost, while ensuring that the finally conditioned air will be delivered pure and free from dust and all extraneous odors.
By air conditioning in a wide sense such measures are understood as are taken to purify the air and to give the same a certain desired temperature and relative humidity before the air thus treated is conveyed to the place of use. Such conditioning of the air involves certain difilculties in cold weather when the low heat content of the outer air presents the danger of forming ice upon the introduction of the air into the conditioning apparatus. An object of the invention is to provide such apparatus for conditioning air which may be used independently of whatever temperature or humidity the entering raw air may have, and the apparatus must of course for practical reasons be of such construction that it will always work according to the same fundamental principle notwithstanding changes in the weather.
It has already been suggested to use for air conditioning a rotary drum arranged in a housing, the circumference of said drum being dressed with or made from a filter material, the lower portion of the drum during the rotation dipping into a water bath in the bottom of the housing, while an air current is forced through the filter surface of the drum. During the rotation of this drum, water is taken up by the filter surface, and the intention is that the air current forced through the filter surface should take up moisture from the water deposited on the filter surface at the same time as the air is filtered and also heated, by the water bath being heated to a suitable temperature. That known apparatus was also intended to be used for cooling warm air in summer time, the water bath then instead being cooled by separate cooling means.
The apparatus embodying the invention includes such a rotary drum arranged within a housing, which drum is provided with filter surfaces that during the rotation dip into a heated water bath in the lower part of the housing so that the filter surfaces take up water, an air current being pressed through the moistened filter surfaces to be filtered, and then heated and moistened.
Due to the nature of the filter surfaces heretofore used in such apparatus, and particularly because of the relatively low heat conductivity of the water, the transmission of heat occurring between water and air is relatively slow. It has therefore been very difllcult to obtain a correctly regulated moistening of the air simultaneously with a rapid passage of the latter through the filter material. These difllculties will, of course, increase the colder and drier the incoming air happens to be, in which case a considerable quantity of heat will have to be transmitted to the air and the necessary moisture added as well.
According to the present invention these difficulties are avoided by making the filter material from metal, the mass of which is so adapted and distributed in relation to the quantity of water taken up by the filter material during its passage through the water bath that the major part of the heat transmitted to the air is carried by the heated metallic masses of the filter, whereas only the remaining minor part of said heat is transmitted to the air by the water taken up by the filter from the water bath.
A practical embodiment of the filter material of the drum, having proved to be particularly suitable in actual tests preferably consists of one or more layers of perforated sheet metal, in which the perforations have been made in such a manner that pressed out tongues are formed in the circumference, which tongues are adapted to act as turbine blades and to rotate the drum by the action of the air current blown against the filter surface. One or more layers of metal wire cloth may, if desired be combined with said sheet metal plate or plates for the purpose of increasing the heat exchanging ability of the peripheral wall of the drum. Another embodiment may consist of superposed metal screens.
One form of the filter material and the general arrangement of the apparatus are illustrated on the accompanying drawing forming part hereof, and in the same:
Figs. 1 and 2 show two elevational sections which are perpendicular to each other, of 'a practical form of an apparatus made according to the invention and embodying the salient features thereof.
In the practice of my invention a housing I has a lower closed portion 2 containing a water bath 3, the level of which is kept constant by means of an overflow pipe 4 that may be adjustable in height if desired. The water is admitted through a suitable inlet controlled by a float 5 so that the smallest possible quantity of water may flow off through the pipe 4.
Above the water in the housing a hollow cylindrical drum 6 is secured on a rotatable horizontal shaft 1, while its circumference 8 is constructed to form a filter surface consisting, for example of one or several layers of metal wire cloth having its openings or meshes adapted for filter action.
At the bottom of the housing, the lower portion of the drum 6 dips into the water bath 3, while at the top is an intake port 9 for introducing the air to be treated and ill a rear discharge port for discharging the same, said intake and discharge ports being so arranged that the air must pass through the filter surface portion 8 to reach the discharge port I0. Either the intake port 9 may be connected to the pressure side of a fan, or the discharge port may be connected to the suction side of a fan. The intake port 9 is so arranged and directed in relation to the circumference 8 of the drum that the air current entering the intake port is urged towards the circumference of the wall, developing forces that act so as to turn the drum, whereas the discharge port it is axially arranged in substantially parallel relation to the shaft of the drum. The intake port is thus suitably arranged and directed that the major part of the air is blown tangentially against the circumference of the drum. In other words, the air intake port 9 is directed towards the portion of the drum situated above the shaft 1, the upper wall ll of the air intake being arranged at a distance above the circumference of the drum and curved about the latter so'that a curved channel I! for the air is formed behind the upper portion of the drum, through which channel the air is led tangentially against the circumference 8 of the latter.
To increase the turning moment caused by the air current impinging on the drum, a set of plates i3 acting as turbine blades are secured to the drum inside the circumference 8. These blades 13 are supported by one end wall H of the drum and extend axially through the drum towards the opposite end wall IS in which an opening I6 is provided for the discharge of the air.
When the filter surface portion 8 of the drum is made from perforated sheet metal, the perforations may readily be so punched out that pressed out tongues I I are formed in the filter surface itself which will serve as turbine blades, as indicated in Fig. 1. Said tongues act at the same time as dust separating elements, as the dust particles, due to their momentum tend to rush past the perforations whereas the air is led into them. It is clear that the blades l3 may be used at the same time. When using perforated sheet metal with such pressed out tongues I 1, one or several layers of metal wire cloth may, if desired, be secured inside or outside the tongues, but this is optional.
The filter drum has been shown as freely rotatably joumalled so as to be rotated by the air current blown by a fan, but it should be observed that the drum may instead be mechanically driven by a separate motor or from the shaft that drives the fan when the latter is used, although neither are shown. The air to be treated may then of course also be led through the drum either from the inside or the outside, and the drum may either be driven in or against the direction of the air current generated by the fan.
While the form of the invention has been described in which the entering air is to be heated and moistened, it should be clear, however, that the features of the invention are equally well useful in an opposite manner or when the entering air is so warm that it must be cooled instead and, perhaps also deprived of moisture. In such a case the element [8 in Figs. 1 and 2 is instead connected to a cooling plant so that the air is cooled when passing through the filter drum. Any surplus of moisture present in the air is then condensed at this lower temperature so that the air finally obtains the desired relative humidity in the subsequent final heating step, if required.
The air entering through the intake of the housing may consist entirely of raw air taken directly from the atmosphere, or it may instead consist of return air or be mixed with some return air from the place of air consumption, if this is desired. If the treatment described is to be combined with a limited dry-heating of the air, such heating can well be carried out by suitable means before the air is led into the housing of the invention.
Having now particularly described the nature of my invention and the manner of its operation, what I claim is:
1. In apparatus for conditioning air, having a housing, a drum rotatably journalled in said housing, a water bath in the bottom portion of said housing and filter surface portions upon said drum adapted to be dipped into said water bath during the rotation of said drum and take up water therefrom, there being means for giving the water bath a desired temperature, and means for driving a current of air through the moistened filter surface portion in order to purify, moisten and adjust the temperature of the treated air, the feature which consists in having the filter material of said drum consist of metal in the form of a permeable mass which is so conditioned and distributed that the major part of the heat exchanged between the air and the water bath is transmitted by the metallic masses of said filter material while only the remaining minor part of said heat is transmitted directly by the water taken up by the rotating drum from the water bath, the air intake of said drum being so adapted and directed in relation to the drum that the air current is blown against the outside of the circumference of the drum while developing forces that exert a rotating action on the drum, and the air discharge of the drum being arranged axially in relation to the drum.
2. In apparatus for conditioning air, having a housing, a drum rotatably journalled in said housing, a water bath in the bottom portion of said housing and filter surface portions upon said drum adapted to be dipped into said water bath during the rotation of said drum and take up water therefrom, there being means for giving the water bath a desired temperature, and means for driving a current of air through the moistened filter surface portion in order to purify, moisten and adjust the temperature of the treated air, the feature which consists in having the filter material of said drum consist of metal in the form of a permeable mass which is so conditioned and distributed that the major part of the heat exchanged between the air and the water bath is transmitted by the metallic masses of said filter material while only the remaining minor part of said heat is transmitted directly by the water taken up by the rotating drum from the water bath, the air intake of said drum being so adapted and directed in relation to the drum that the major part of the air current is blown substantially tangentially against the circumference of the drum, while developing forces that exert a rotating action on the drum, and the air discharg of the drum being arranged axially in relatlon to the drum.
3. In apparatus for conditioning air, having a housing, a drum rotatably iournalled in said housing, a water bath in the bottom portion of said housing and filter surface portions upon said drum adapted to be dipped into said water bath during the rotation of said drum and take up water therefrom, there being means for giving the water bath a desired temperature, and means for driving a current of air through the moistened filter surface portion in order to purify, moisten and adjust the temperature of the treated air, the feature which consists in having the filter material of said drum consist of metal in the form of a permeable mass which is so conditioned and distributed that the major part of the heat exchanged between the air and the water bath is transmitted by the metallic masses of said filter material while only the remaining minor part of said heat is transmitted directly by the water taken up by the rotating dmm from the water bath, the air intake of said drum being directed towards the outside of a portion of the drum situated above the axis of the drum, and the upper wall of the air intake being arranged at a distance above the circumference of the drum and so curved about the latter that a curved channel for the air is formed along the upper and rear part of the drum, through which channel the air is led tangentially against the circumference of the drum, while developing forces that exert a rotating action on the drum.
4. In apparatus for conditioning air, having a housing, a drum -rotatab1y Journalled in said housing, a water bath in the bottom portion of said housing and filter surface portions upon said drum adapted to be dipped into'said water bath during the rotation of said drum and take up water therefrom, there being means for giving the water bath a desired temperature, and means tened filter surface portion in order to purify, moisten and adjust the temperature ofthe treated air, the feature which consists in having the filter material of said'drum consist of metal in the form of a permeable mass which is so conditioned and distributed that the major part of the heat exchanged between the air and the water bath is transmitted by the metallic masses of for driving a current of air through the moissaid filter material while only the remaining minor part of said heat is transmitted directly by the water taken up by the rotating drum from the water bath, the air intake of said drum being so adapted and directed in relation to the drum that the air current is blown against the outside of the circumference of the drum while developing forces that exert a rotating action on the drum, the air discharge of the drum being arranged axially in relation to the drum, and a set of plates acting as turbine blades being secured to the drum inside of the circumference so as to aid in the rotation of the drum by also being actuated by the air current.
5. In apparatus for conditioning air, having a housing, a drum rotatably journalled in said housing, a water bath in the bottom portion of said housing and filter surface portions upon said drum adapted to be dipped into said water bath during the rotation of said drum and take up water therefrom, there being means for giving the water bath a desired temperature, and means for driving a current of air through the moistened filter surface portion in order to purify, moisten and adjust the temperature of the treated air, the feature which consists in having the filter material of said drum consist of metal in the form of a permeable mass which is so conditioned and disturbed that the major part of the heat exchanged between the air and the water bath is transmitted by the metallic masses of aid filter material while only the remaining minor part of said heat is transmitted directly by the water taken up by the rotating drum from the water bath, the air intake of said drum being so adapted and directed in relation to the drum that the air current is blown against the outside of the circumference of the drum while develop ing forces that exert a rotating action on the drum, the air discharge of the drum being arranged axially in relationto the drum, and a set of plates actingas turbine blades being secured to the drum inside of the circumference so as to aid in the rotation of the drum by also being actuated by the air current, said blades being supported by one end wall of the drum and being extended axially through the drum towards the opposite end -vvalle in which a discharge opening for the air is provided.
NILS OLOF HARRY STYREN.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| SE2311583X | 1938-06-03 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US2311583A true US2311583A (en) | 1943-02-16 |
Family
ID=20425269
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US283950A Expired - Lifetime US2311583A (en) | 1938-06-03 | 1939-07-12 | Means for conditioning air |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US2311583A (en) |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2440446A (en) * | 1944-07-31 | 1948-04-27 | Kenny Richard Joseph | Apparatus for cooling or conditioning air or other fluids |
| US2583195A (en) * | 1946-11-22 | 1952-01-22 | Wilcox George | Air conditioner |
| US3249347A (en) * | 1961-08-18 | 1966-05-03 | Wille Rudolf | Apparatus for heat exchange by radiation |
| US3345047A (en) * | 1966-02-07 | 1967-10-03 | Alan L Gooden | Apparatus and method for administering humidified anesthetic gases |
-
1939
- 1939-07-12 US US283950A patent/US2311583A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2440446A (en) * | 1944-07-31 | 1948-04-27 | Kenny Richard Joseph | Apparatus for cooling or conditioning air or other fluids |
| US2583195A (en) * | 1946-11-22 | 1952-01-22 | Wilcox George | Air conditioner |
| US3249347A (en) * | 1961-08-18 | 1966-05-03 | Wille Rudolf | Apparatus for heat exchange by radiation |
| US3345047A (en) * | 1966-02-07 | 1967-10-03 | Alan L Gooden | Apparatus and method for administering humidified anesthetic gases |
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