US2310669A - Concrete form - Google Patents

Description

Feb. 9, 1943. G. B. BOSCO CONCRETE-FORM Filed May 27, 1959 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 Feb. 9, 1943.

G. B. BOSCO CONCRETE FORM Filed May 27, 1939 2 Sheets-Shet 2 a v A a 7- v 4 G r i V Patented Feb. 9, 1943 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE CONCRETE FORM George B. Bosco, Chicago, Ill.

Application May 27, 1939, Serial No. 276,066.

1 Claim.

It is well known by contractors and builders .of concrete and cement structures such as buildings, dams, foundation walls, and the like, that a large fraction of the entire building expense is absorbed by the material and labor costs of the forms in which the concrete and/or cement walls are molded; and an important object of this invention has been to provide a form structure that will very substantially reduce these costs.

Again, in erecting wall forms it is common practice to introduce into the concrete space between the side walls of a form devices known in the building trade as bucksthese being in the nature of boxes or blocks of suitable sizes and shapes for creating in the wall spaces for the subsequent introduction of window and door frames. And it not infrequently happens that after a form has been erected with these bucks secured in place therein, ready for the pouring of the concrete, the owner or architect changes the original building plans to provide for diiferent locations of some or all of the windows and doors, or to increase or decrease the number of windows or doors. With the heavy and more or less complicated and cumbersome wall form structures now in use, this change of places often necessitates the taking down and subsequent reerection of substantially all of the original form walls to accommodate the new locations of the windows and/or doors, and this involves loss of time and additional expense. Another important object of this invention has been to provide an improved and simplified Wall form structure of such a nature that a change of location of the bucks can be readily and quickly made without dismantling practically the whole form and with the removal and replacement of only one or two wall panels to efiect a. change of location of a door or window or other wall opening.

The present invention relates mainly to concrete forms wherein the walls are of the well known panel type, and a further object of the invention has been to provide a less expensive and more efiicient panel for forms of this type; and a still further object of the invention has been to provide improved and simplified forms of tie members and tie member accessories of very low cost and capable of quick application and quick and easy removal of the portions thereof that are not permanently embedded in the com crete, such tie members being also applicable to forms of other than the panel type.

Practical and approved embodiments of the invention are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which Fig. 1 is an inner side elevation of an im proved form wall panel, broken out between its upper and lower ends.

Fig. 2 is a horizontal section through a pair of edgewise adjacent panels having the panel structure shown in Fig. 1, and also showing a fragment of a tie band and its anchoring means on the panels.

Fig. 3 is a perspective view of a tie band and anchor washers therefor adapted for use inthe structure shown in Figs. 1 and 2. I

Fig. 3 is a cross-section on the line 3'3' of Fig. 3.

Fig. 4 is a horizontal section through a fragment of a wall form employing a known structure of panels and horizontal stringers, and showing the use of a tool for tensioning the tie member.

Figs. 5. 6 and '7 are perspective views of slightly differing forms of tie bands. I

Fig. 8 is a fragmentary perspective View from the outer side showing a pair of edgewise adjacent panels, and a tie rod and washer associated therewith, and nails for looking the bent end of the tie rod to'the washer.

Fig. 9 is a perspective view of a tie rod and associated anchor washers such as are used in the structure shown in Fig. 8.

Fig. 10 is a perspective view of a combination tie rod and band that may be used in lieu of the tie rod shown in Figs. 8 and 9.

Fig. 11 is a perspective view from the outer side of a fragment of another known type of form wall, showing the tie band of Fig. 7 and, in as sociation therewith a combination washer plate. and angle iron for securing. the end of the tie band to a relatively wide and thin upright joist of-the form wall.

Fig. 12 is a horizontal section on the line l2-l2 of Fig. 11.

Fig. 13 is a perspective view from its inner side of the combination washer plate and angle iron shown in Figs. 11 and 12.

Fig. 14 is a horizontal section through a portion of a form having panels and tie bands such.

as are shown in Figs. 1, 2i and 3, and also showing between the walls of the form a rectangular frame for forming a window or door opening in the concrete.

Fig. 15 is a side elevation on a reduced scale of the rectangular frame shown in plan viewin Fig. 14. p

Referring first to my improved panel structure illustrated in Figs. 1, 2 and 14, which, in practice, usually has a height about four times its width, 2!] designates a rectangular wooden frame, the inner edges of the vertical limbs of which are rabbeted, as shown at 2 I. Extending at intervals between said vertical limbs, with their ends fitted into the rabbets 2| are horizontal wooden battens 22, preferably of a thickness about half that of the frame, as shown in Fig. 2, and spaced about a batten width apart. The inner surfaces of the battens are flush with the inner surface of the frame, and overlying and covering said surfaces is a facing 23 consisting of a flat sheet metal plate, an ample backing for which is provided by the spaced battens 22.

In erecting the form walls, these panels are set up in vertical edge-to-edge relation, as shown in Figs. 2 and 14, and the two walls of the. form are bonded together by tie members preferably of the form and structure shown in isolated detail in Fig. 3, each, tie member comprising a pair of preferably rectangular flat metal washers 24 formed with central vertical slots 25 and marginal nail holes 26 and overlapping the joints between adjacent panels, and a tie band 21 preferably formed with an intermediate longitudinally channeledbody portion 28' extending between the inner sides of the form walls and forming struts to oppose inward collapse of said walls, and flat end portions 29 that extend between the adjacent edges of the panels and through the slots 25 of the washers. Rectangularly bent terminals 29' of' the end portions 29 overlap the outer sides ofthe washers 24 and are formed with nail holes 39 and 31. Double headed nails 32 are driven through the holes 26 of the washer and into the panel frame 20, one of said nails also passing through the hole of the bent terminal 29', and another nail passing through the hole 3| of the bent terminal 29' directly into the frame 2!] beyond an edge of the washer, as shown in Figs. 2 and 14.

Fig. 4 illustrates an application of wall bonding ties similar to that above described to walls made up of old and well known panels and of such length as to require the use of stringers to externally maintain the walls in proper alinement. In this view, 33 designates the panel frames, 34 the panel facings, and 35 the horizontal stringers. A tie member 21, such as that shown in Fig. 5, with the washers 24 mounted on its flat end portions 29, is entered with its flat end portions lying between the adjacent panels and also in narrow kerfs 33 cut in the stringers 35. It may here be noted that the slots 25 of the washers are wide enough to enable the washers to be entered over the rectangularly bent terminals 29' and pass around the snubbing corners at the junction of the parts 29 and 29'. The washers are then nailed to the outer faces of the stringers, as is also the inwardly offset end of the part 29' at the right of Fig. 4. Should the two walls of the form be slightly bulged or spread, they may be trued up by the use of a tie band tensioning tool such as that indicated at 31, which is similar to the tool disclosed in my former Patent No. 1,541,896, dated June 16, 1925. The use of this tool bends the projecting end portion 29 downwardly, as shown at the left of Fig. 4, sufiiciently to create a snubbing corner, and when the tool has been removed, the terminal 29' is hammered down over the washer and its end nailed to the stringer in the manner shown at the right of Fig. 4.

Figs. 8 and 9 illustrate a modification wherein a tie-rod 38 is used as the tension element of the wall bonding means in lieu of a tie-band. The cooperating washers 39 are substantially identical with the washers 24, except that midway of the sides of the slots 40, which correspond to the slots 25 of washers 24, are notches 4| that form seats for the rod and prevent angular displacement of the latter in a vertical plane when the concrete is poured. Through holes 42 in the washers are driven nails 43 that are bent down in opposite directions across the rectangularly bent end portions 38' of the rod to lock said end portions in place.

Fig. 10 illustrates a combination tie-rod and tie band that may be used in lieu of the tie-band 21 of Figs. 1, 2 and 3 or the tie-rod 38 of Figs. 8 and 9. It comprises an intermediate rod portion 44 and flat band end portions 45 with rectangularly bent extensions 45'.

The tie rod shown in Figs. 8 and 9 and the intermediate rod portion 44 of the tie member shown in Fig. 10 are preferably weakened, as by holes 44 located atpoints a short distance inwardly of the iimer faces of the form walls, so that, after the concrete has set and the form been taken down, the projecting ends of the tie members can be twisted off. This feature is, however, old in form tie rods, and no claim thereto is made herein.

Figs. l1, l2 and 13 illustrate still another modification well adapted for use with another known and common type of form walls, wherein the wall consists of 2 by 4 or 2 by 6 uprights 46 with a sheathing or facing consisting of planks 41 nailed to the inner edges of the uprights. In this case, a plain band tie member 48, such as is shown in isolated detail in Fig. 7, is preferably used. The tie band 48 extends through slots or kerfs 49 (Fig. 12) cut in the planks 41, and its projecting end portions 48 lie across and in contact with one side of opposed uprights 46 of the two walls. The washers 50 have central slots 5!, and a vertical row of nail holes 52 on one side only of the slot 5| by which they are nailed to the outer edges of the uprights 46. To support the other half of the washer against the pulling strain of the tie band, I provide an angle-bar brace 53 that is spot welded, as indicated at 54 in Fig. 12, to said other half of the washer, and abuts at its other end against the sheathing 41. This brace overlies and covers the projecting portion 48" of the tie-band.

A tie-band 55, such as is shown in isolated detail in Fig. 6 and differing from the tie-band 48 only in having a. longitudinally channeled intermediate portion, may be used in lieu of the tie band 48, if desired.

Fig. 14 shows in horizontal section a portion of a form erected with walls of the panel and tie-band structure illustrated in Figs. 1 and 2, and showing a rectangular frame or buck 56 for creating a window opening in the concrete wall disposed between the two walls in contact with the sheet metal facings 23, of the latter. These blocks or frames usually lie between two vertically spaced tie members such as 21, but are often of a length exceeding the distance between two horizontally spaced tie members, as shown in Fig. 14. They are supported from the form walls by various means so as to permit the concrete to flow all around them. In Fig. 14 I have shown the frame 56 supported by double-headed nails such as 32 driven through the metal facings 23 between adjacent battens into the frame 56.

With such a form structure it is a comparatively simple and easy matter to withdraw, insert, or change the location of a buck, it being necessary only to remove and later replace one or at most two of the panels lying opposite the buck or proposed new location, and this involving only the removal and replacement of the washers at the joints of the removed panel or panels, for which latter operation the use of double headed nails for securing the washers and the bent ends of the tie-bands to the panel frames is obviously highly advantageous.

Variations and modifications of the specific structures and arrangements of parts shown and described may be resorted to within the scope of the claim.

I claim:

For use in a concrete form structure which ineludes upright wall elements, means for bonding together the side walls of the form, comprising apertured flat metal washers adapted to overlie the outer edges of said upright wall elements, tie members adapted to extend between and through said walls and the apertures of said washers and bent to overlap the latter, each of said tie members having a, fiat end portion in lateral contact with one of said upright Wall elements, and a V-shaped brace attached to each washer and extending at right angles thereto in contact with the upright wall element against which said flat end portion of the tie member lies and covering the part of said flat end portion lying against said upright element.

GEORGE E. BOSCO.

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