US1563598A - Building construction - Google Patents

Description

Dec. 1, 1.925. 1,563,598A

D. G. WAKEMAN BUILDING CONSTRUCTI ON Filed April 13, 1925 Inf/enfer', je 25e/'al Wacmcm,

l ed for small dwelling houses, which will be inexpensive as to first cost, extremely dura-u lPatented Dec. 1, 1925.

UNITED STATESl PATENT OFFICE.

DELBERT GQ WAKEMAN, or MooREsvILLE, INDIANA.

BUILDING CONSTRUI'CTION.

Application filed April 13, 1,925. Serial No. 22,641.

To all whom zt may concern:

Be it known that I, DELBERT G. WAKE- MAN, a citizen of the United States, residble and very inexpensive as to up-keep, and which will be very dry and warm, insect proof, and also of slow-burning construction.

I accomplish the above, Vand other objects incidental thereto which will hereinafter appear, by the means illustratedin-the accomizo 4 1--1 of Fig. 2, of a suiiicient part of a building to illustrate my invention which is empanylng drawing, in which- Fig. 1, is a horizontal section onthe line bodied thereon. Fig. 2, a front elevation and perspective of the fragment illustrated in Fig. 1, Fig. 3 is a perspective view of one of the concrete slabs or boards for facing both sides `of all walls, Figs. 4 and 5 are fragments, in perspective of metal joint reenforcements, Fig. 6, is a fragment in vertical section of the wall above a window or door opening showing a wooden header to hold shades and curtains, Fig. 7, is a horizontal section through a wall opening showing a wooden strip to hinge a door or window to, and Fig. 8, is a detail in vertical section illustrating my preferred method of limiting the thickness of the vertical columns. l

Like characters of reference indicate like parts in the several views of the drawing.

A suitable foundation 9, usually and preferably concrete, is irstyconstructed and upon the foundation, at all of the corners, on what Iwill be the outer face of the building wall heavy sheet metal angle-bars 10 are erected, and at the adjacent angles of the inner wall similar sheet metal angle-bars 11 are erected. The outer and inner corner angle bars 10 and 11 are connected together by bolts 12,

lextending diagonally of the corner, here shown as three in number,-one near the top,

` one near the bottom and the third .midway between the other two, but obviously bot the number of bolts and their placing may be varied. The outer angle bars 10 have longitudinal inturned" edges forming narrow flanges 13 and the angle bars 11 have opposltely turned flanges 13, generally less than an inch in width, to make the projection of the bars fromthe Wall about the same as the thickness of wooden corner strips or cas# ings. When the entering angle is on the outside-of the building the above corner angle bars are reversed inositionto corres ond;

At all window and door openings, an also where the concrete slabs or boardswhich will form the outer and inner wall facings end, I erect sheet'metal channel bars 14, in duplicate, with oppositely turned channels where the course `or v,courses of concrete boards are continuous, and the two |contact-' l ing channel bars are united by iivets, bolts,

or spot-welding. The longitudinal edges of bars 14 have return flanges 13 for the same purpose as above described.

Tie-rods 15, extend in both directions from the wall corner-bars, through the channelbars 14, preferably from each corner to the next, in order to tie the bars together in a secure manner, but they may stop after passomsing through any of the channel bars 14, asv i' shown below the window opening in Fig. 2.

If the house wall to be constructed is small, all of the vertical metal bars may be set and plumbed at once, and their v'ertical positions retained by temporary bracing, in

any suitable or Vusual manner; or, the vertical bars for apart only, of the building walls may be erected at a time, but in all cases care must be taken to make andv keep the vertical bars plumb, as they are the guides or gauges by which the finished wall 1s plumbed.`

The next step 1s to assemble the concrete slabs or boards 8fwhich comprise the outer and inner facings of the wall. molded in polished steel forms or molds of the length and width of the desired board, and approximately an inch and a quarter in thickness, depending upon size and other conditions. 'A very smooth-finished surface may be secured by the known method of agi' tation and vibration before the concretemixture is set. The boards 8 molded the proper length to extend from a corner to an opening or from a corner to a wallintersection, a wall intersection to an opening, or from an opening to an opening, are dry and firm, and in that condition they are assembled against the inturned edges 13 of the vertical bars, 10 or 11 and channel bar 14,

These are f therefrom as far as is necessary to form acolumn 16 strong enough to carry structural loads, is filled with a Wet mixture of concrete. This is carried now only to the top of that course of boards, but is added to in like manner, course upon course, as the wall is advanced to completion.

I have found it convenient to limit the f cross sectioned area of the column by driving a wooden board 17 between the pair of concrete boards 10 and 11; slightly oblique to the vertical as shown in. Fig. 8 to form a shelf-rest for the board at the upper course.

The board is withdrawn and replaced as the courses are added.

Columns 16 at door and window openings, 16b at the meting ends of concrete boards, 16c at intersections between inside'and outside walls and16d at the intersections of inside walls, are formed in the same manner as described for an outside wall corner column 16. f

Fig. 6, illustrates the manner in which a wooden strip 18 is embedded in a concrete filler as a header over a Window opening to provide a backing into which shade and curtain fixture may be screwed, and Fig. 7 illustrates the manner of introducing a wooden strip in the side -casings of Windows and doors to nail the Window guidesy and parting strips to for window sash or to hin e easement windows or doors to.

. T e bottoms of window openings are preferably filled in with concrete 19 entirely across the opening, and the light frames of easement and other windows having such, are embedded in this cement whichis carried up in a manner to make an air and water tight fit. Where thels ace between the inner andouter concrete oards of a wall are filled with planer shavings sawdust or other insulation this will be carried up under the window openings sufiiciently to define the proper concrete sill, and if the s ace between the concrete boards is to be left em ty the limits of the concrete sill may be de ed by making a barrier out of crumpled Waste paper.

The concrete slabs are set in a rich cement mortanwith a lime content to aid pliability, and pains are taken to make a perfect joint on the inside where it is desired to decorate the wall there without plastering it. Should it be proposed to plaster the inner wall, or the outer one either as in stucco work, the rough sides of the concrete boards are turned to plaster against.

The concrete boards may be placed any desired distance apart to make a wall of any required thickness `for varying degrees of strength or opportunity for insulation.

Bolts 20, one for each concrete column, have their lower ends securely embedded in the column and extending u wardly of the column provide the means or bolting the purlin plate for the roof rafters thereto.

While I have here described the slabs or boards 8 as being formed out of concrete, because it is the least expensive and easiest obtainable, it is obvious that slabs or boards made out of other materials, as natural stone and even wood, may be used without departing from the spirit of this invention.

I claim:

1. A building wall comprising an outer and an inner facing of boards, vertical metal strips contacting the outer surfaces of the facing boards and holding them in vertical alinement, and concrete columns at and between the ends of the boards adhesively united with the boards at all contacts therewith and spacing the `two facings apart and extending from top to bottom of the wall.

2. A building wall comprising spaced apart outer and inner facings of concrete boards, vertical metal strips Contactin the outer faces of the facing boards and ho ding them in vertical alinement, tierods connecting opposite vertical strips to keep them from spreading, and concrete columns contacting directly with and spacing the inner and outer facings apart and filling the spaces between the flanges and boards'and extending from top )to bottom of the wall to strengthen the structure.'

3. A building wall comprising spaced apart outer and inner lwall facings formed out of boards set in mortar on their edges, vertical metal angle bars lapping the ends of the boards outside and inside of the wall at the corners of the wall, vertical metal channelbars lapping the ends of the boards inside and outside of the wall at the openings'in the wall Vand at the vertical joints inthe boards, fianges 'of Said angle and channel bars having inturned edges to space the flanges from the boards, and concrete pillars between the outer and inner facings contacting said facings and located next to the vertical channel bars and filling the spacings b etween the flanges and boards.

4. A building wall --comprising spaced apart outer and inner wall facings formed out of boards set on ed e in mortar, vertical metal angle bars lapping the ends of the boards outside and inside of the wall at the corners of the wall but spaced therefrom, diagonal rods connecting Aeach corner pair of angle bars, vertical metal channel-bars lapping the ends of the boards inside and outside of thewall at the openings in the wally and vertical joints in the boards, tie rods connecting opposite ones of said last ehannel-barsvto keep them from. spreadin i and concrete pillars spacing the outer an inner facings apart and strngthenin the structure, the concrete of said pillars ing in direct contact with the boards making adhesive joints therewith, said concrete also filling the spaces betweenthe ianges of the angle bars and the boards.

5. A building wall comprising spaced apart outer and inner wall facings formed out of boards seton ed in mortar, vertical metal angle bars lapping the endsof the boards, allv of said bars ihaving flanges` at right angles and said flanges having inturned vertical edges, spacing the flanges away from the boards, tie rods connecting opposite ones ofsaid last channell 5, bars-to keep them from spreading, and con-v crete pillars spacing the outer and inner facings' apart and filling the spaces between the boardsvand vertical bars caused b inturned edges, said concrete pillars adhesively united with the boards.

6. A building wall comprising `spaced the eing 4apart outer and inner facings of boards set enforcements at all corners, openin on their edges in mortar, outside metal reenforcements at Jall corners, openings and joints, means comprising: rods for tying the metal reenforeinentstogetlier and concrete columns spacing the boards apart and adhesively united with said boards and adding to the strength of the structure.

7. A. buildin wall comprising spaced apart outer an inner facings of concrete boards set on their edgesin mortar, outside metal reenforcements at all corners, openin s and joints, means scomprising rods for tying the metal reenforcements together and concrete columns spacin the boards apart and adhesively united )with said'boards and adding to the strength of the structure, and

vpurlin bolts seated inthe tops of the concrete columns.

8. A building wall comprising s aced apart outer and inner facings of boa s set on their edges inl mortar, outside metal reand joints, means comprising rods for tying the metal reenforcements together and concrete colulihs spacing the boards apart and adhesive t`o thse strength ofthe structure, and insulatin material filling the spaces defined by the co umns and concrete boards. Y In testimony whereof I ailix m signature.

DELBERT G. WA MAN.

united with said boards and adding i

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