US2304751A - Foundry mold and core and composition therefor - Google Patents
Foundry mold and core and composition therefor Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US2304751A US2304751A US390126A US39012641A US2304751A US 2304751 A US2304751 A US 2304751A US 390126 A US390126 A US 390126A US 39012641 A US39012641 A US 39012641A US 2304751 A US2304751 A US 2304751A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- core
- zircon
- parts
- foundry
- granular
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title description 19
- 239000011162 core material Substances 0.000 description 25
- 229910052845 zircon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 19
- GFQYVLUOOAAOGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N zirconium(iv) silicate Chemical compound [Zr+4].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] GFQYVLUOOAAOGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 19
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 17
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 14
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 11
- 235000019198 oils Nutrition 0.000 description 11
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 11
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- 150000003755 zirconium compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 8
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000000571 coke Substances 0.000 description 5
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron oxide Chemical compound [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 3
- CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fe2+ Chemical compound [Fe+2] CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Zr]=O MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen(2-);zirconium(4+) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[Zr+4] RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910001928 zirconium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- RSWGJHLUYNHPMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Abietic-Saeure Natural products C12CCC(C(C)C)=CC2=CCC2C1(C)CCCC2(C)C(O)=O RSWGJHLUYNHPMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001417096 Merluccius vulgaris Species 0.000 description 1
- KHPCPRHQVVSZAH-HUOMCSJISA-N Rosin Natural products O(C/C=C/c1ccccc1)[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O1 KHPCPRHQVVSZAH-HUOMCSJISA-N 0.000 description 1
- QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium Chemical compound [Zr] QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000013019 agitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000440 bentonite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000278 bentonite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N bentoquatam Chemical compound O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000013339 cereals Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001427 coherent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004927 fusion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000021388 linseed oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000944 linseed oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- SNICXCGAKADSCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N nicotine Chemical compound CN1CCCC1C1=CC=CN=C1 SNICXCGAKADSCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005488 sandblasting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008247 solid mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- KHPCPRHQVVSZAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-cinnamyl beta-D-glucopyranoside Natural products OC1C(O)C(O)C(CO)OC1OCC=CC1=CC=CC=C1 KHPCPRHQVVSZAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- -1 zircon Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
- B22C1/00—Compositions of refractory mould or core materials; Grain structures thereof; Chemical or physical features in the formation or manufacture of moulds
- B22C1/02—Compositions of refractory mould or core materials; Grain structures thereof; Chemical or physical features in the formation or manufacture of moulds characterised by additives for special purposes, e.g. indicators, breakdown additives
- B22C1/04—Compositions of refractory mould or core materials; Grain structures thereof; Chemical or physical features in the formation or manufacture of moulds characterised by additives for special purposes, e.g. indicators, breakdown additives for protection of the casting, e.g. against decarbonisation
Definitions
- This invention relates to acomposition for foundry molds or cores.
- composition containing zircon or other refractory zirconium compound as its principal ingredient.
- a foundry mold or core material comprising a major proportion of granular zircon or zircon sand or otherrefractory zirconium compound and a minor proportion of granular carbon or coke, preferably with less than part of,
- core oil is meant to'be included oils which are commonly used as binders for foundry mold sands and molding compositions. Oils which are suitable are linseed oil, rosin oil, and others.
- the carbon serves to prevent penetration of the mold or core by iron oxide. It apparently acts by maintaining a reducing medium.
- the quantity of carbon included should be from 1 to 50 parts per 100 parts of zircon or other refractory zirconium compound. A suitable quantity has been found to be about 10 parts.
- the carbon, like the zircon, should a granular material having particle sizes approximately the same as the granular zircon. Attempts to use finely divided or milled carbon have been unsuccessful. A con' rated with the granular zircon or zircon sand a mesh. Granular coke of 35 to 120 mesh is also suitable.
- zircon is the preferred zirconium compound for use in the practice of this inven-- tion, because of its relative cheapness and abundance, other refractory zirconium compounds may also be used. Examples of these are: natural or crude baddeleyite, which is mainly zirconium oxide; synthetic baddeleyite; and other forms of synthetic zirconium oxide.
- the material according to the present invention When the material according to the present invention is used in a foundry, it is mixed with a small quantity such as 1 /2% of a core oil, 1V2% of water, and 1 to 172% of a solid binder, such as a cereal binder or a colloidal clay of the nature of bentonite. This is molded into the required shape, and is then ready for casting a molten metal thereinto, or forming cores forsuch castings.
- a core oil such as 1 /2% of a core oil, 1V2% of water, and 1 to 172% of a solid binder, such as a cereal binder or a colloidal clay of the nature of bentonite.
- composition for foundry molds and cores comprising 100 parts of a granular refractory zirconium compound and 1 to 50 parts of gran-' ular carbon.
- composition for foundry molds and cores comprising 100 parts of granular zircon and 1 to 50 parts of granular carbon.
- a composition for foundry molds and cores comprising 100 parts of a granular refractory zirconium compound, 1 to 50 parts of granular coke, and 0.1 to 0.75 part of a core oil.
- a composition for foundry molds and cores comprising 100 parts of granular zircon, 1 to 50 parts of granular coke, and 0.1 to 0.75 part of a core oil.
- a composition for foundry molds and cores comprising 100 parts of granular zircon, about 10 parts of granular coke, and about 0.75 part of a core oil.
- a foundry mold comprising a mixture of -l00 parts of a granular refractory zirconium
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Mold Materials And Core Materials (AREA)
Description
- the foundry mold and non-porous that cracks are Patented Dec. 8, 1942 PATENT 'OFFICIE FOUNDRY MOLD AND CORE CODIPOSITION THEREFOR Donald S. Hake and Wilbur G.
Falls,
Manufacturing Company.
corporation 'of Maine No Drawing. Application April 24, '1941,
Serial No. 390,126
/ 8 Claims. (01. 22-l88') This invention relates to acomposition for foundry molds or cores.
More particularly, it
relates to such a composition containing zircon or other refractory zirconium compound as its principal ingredient.
In the art of casting metals, 'both ferrous and non-ferrous, into sand molds or aroundsand cores, foundrymen are consistently having trouble' with the burning in" of the sand to castings. The reason for this distressing problem is that ordinary foundry silica sand is not refractory enough to withstand the hot molten metal without some degree of fusion of the foundrysilica sand. This fused sand becomes entangled in the molten iron along the walls of the molds and cores, which makes a very rough surface on the castings when they become cold enough'to' be shaken out of the sand. This rough surface on the castings must be cleaned by sand blasting, and very often by chipping, thereby increasing the cost of the casting. The
embedded fused sand, if not removed entirely,
destroys the cutting edge of machine tools when the castings are being machined to precision size.
In order to overcome this difflculty, it has been suggested to employ refractory zirconium compounds, particularly zircon, instead of silica as material or mold lining, as described in Bensing' Patent No. 1,886,249. With this material, however, an additional difllculty becomes apparent. The zircon sand does not "burn in" the casting, but the iron in the casting has a tendency to penetrate the mold or core sand, forming deposits of iron oxide therein. In other words, the casting material penetrates the mold, instead of the mold material penetrating the casting.
In copending' application to Wellings and Hake, Serial No. 368,228, filed December 2, 1940, there is described and claimed one method for overcoming these dimculties, by providinga' coating or lining for foundry mold and core sands either of silica or zircon with a composition containing finely divided zircon and carbon. Sometimes, however, it is desirable to form molds or cores without any lining or facing, particularly for hollow castings where cores of small sizeare used. Under these circumstances, a mixture of finely divided zircon and carbon cannot be used because the material becomes so dense, tight very likely to occur and gases evolved during casting and cooling have no opportunity to escape.
In handling any of the materials used for foundry mold purposes, it is customary to pre- Welllngs, Niagara New York, N. Y., a
pare suitable molding mixtures at a central plant or factory, and then ship such mixtures to the various foundries. Most of the foundries are relatively small in size and are not equipped to prepare molding mixtures on an economical scale. Accordingly, it is desirable to prepare solid mixtures which can be conveniently shipped from place to place, and to which the foundryman need add only small quantities of liquids to bind the particles of the mixture together in the shape of a relatively coherent mold or core.
In accordance with the present invention, a foundry mold or core material is provided comprising a major proportion of granular zircon or zircon sand or otherrefractory zirconium compound and a minor proportion of granular carbon or coke, preferably with less than part of,
over long distances the jarring and agitation of the mixture during shipment causes the heavier zircon to settle to the bottom- This difliculty is overcome by incorporating in the mixture a very small percentage of a core oil, sufllcient to prevent this settling but insuflicient to cause binding of the mixture. It has been found that any amount of core oil in excess of about of 1% causes binding. The best quantity, in fact, is about A part of core oil 'per 100 parts of zircon. With this quantity no settling occurs and at the same time the mixture can be easily molded into the required shape at the foundry. Quantities from 0.1 to part are suitable.
Under the term core oil is meant to'be included oils which are commonly used as binders for foundry mold sands and molding compositions. Oils which are suitable are linseed oil, rosin oil, and others.
In the practice of the present invention, the carbon serves to prevent penetration of the mold or core by iron oxide. It apparently acts by maintaining a reducing medium. The quantity of carbon included should be from 1 to 50 parts per 100 parts of zircon or other refractory zirconium compound. A suitable quantity has been found to be about 10 parts. The carbon, like the zircon, should a granular material having particle sizes approximately the same as the granular zircon. Attempts to use finely divided or milled carbon have been unsuccessful. A con' rated with the granular zircon or zircon sand a mesh. Granular coke of 35 to 120 mesh is also suitable.
Although zircon is the preferred zirconium compound for use in the practice of this inven-- tion, because of its relative cheapness and abundance, other refractory zirconium compounds may also be used. Examples of these are: natural or crude baddeleyite, which is mainly zirconium oxide; synthetic baddeleyite; and other forms of synthetic zirconium oxide.
When the material according to the present invention is used in a foundry, it is mixed with a small quantity such as 1 /2% of a core oil, 1V2% of water, and 1 to 172% of a solid binder, such as a cereal binder or a colloidal clay of the nature of bentonite. This is molded into the required shape, and is then ready for casting a molten metal thereinto, or forming cores forsuch castings.
When parts are mentioned parts by weight are understood.
As many variations are possible within the scope of this invention, it is not intended to be limited except as defined by the appended claims.
We claim:
1. A composition for foundry molds and cores comprising 100 parts of a granular refractory zirconium compound and 1 to 50 parts of gran-' ular carbon. I
2. A composition for foundry molds and cores comprising 100 parts of granular zircon and 1 to 50 parts of granular carbon.
3. A composition for foundry molds and cores comprising 100 parts of a granular refractory zirconium compound, 1 to 50 parts of granular coke, and 0.1 to 0.75 part of a core oil.
4. A composition for foundry molds and cores comprising 100 parts of granular zircon, 1 to 50 parts of granular coke, and 0.1 to 0.75 part of a core oil. p
5. A composition for foundry molds and cores comprising 100 parts of granular zircon, about 10 parts of granular coke, and about 0.75 part of a core oil.
6. A foundry mold comprising a mixture of -l00 parts of a granular refractory zirconium
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US390126A US2304751A (en) | 1941-04-24 | 1941-04-24 | Foundry mold and core and composition therefor |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US390126A US2304751A (en) | 1941-04-24 | 1941-04-24 | Foundry mold and core and composition therefor |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US2304751A true US2304751A (en) | 1942-12-08 |
Family
ID=23541170
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US390126A Expired - Lifetime US2304751A (en) | 1941-04-24 | 1941-04-24 | Foundry mold and core and composition therefor |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US2304751A (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2535662A (en) * | 1948-03-10 | 1950-12-26 | Gen Electric | Mold for casting metals |
| US2830342A (en) * | 1956-06-05 | 1958-04-15 | Exxon Research Engineering Co | Shell molds and cores from precoated fluid coke |
-
1941
- 1941-04-24 US US390126A patent/US2304751A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2535662A (en) * | 1948-03-10 | 1950-12-26 | Gen Electric | Mold for casting metals |
| US2830342A (en) * | 1956-06-05 | 1958-04-15 | Exxon Research Engineering Co | Shell molds and cores from precoated fluid coke |
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