Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D7/00—Compositions of detergents based essentially on non-surface-active compounds
  • C11D7/02—Inorganic compounds
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
  • C11D3/0005—Other compounding ingredients characterised by their effect
  • C11D3/0073—Anticorrosion compositions
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D7/00—Compositions of detergents based essentially on non-surface-active compounds
  • C11D7/02—Inorganic compounds
  • C11D7/04—Water-soluble compounds
  • C11D7/06—Hydroxides
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D7/00—Compositions of detergents based essentially on non-surface-active compounds
  • C11D7/02—Inorganic compounds
  • C11D7/04—Water-soluble compounds
  • C11D7/10—Salts
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D7/00—Compositions of detergents based essentially on non-surface-active compounds
  • C11D7/02—Inorganic compounds
  • C11D7/04—Water-soluble compounds
  • C11D7/10—Salts
  • C11D7/12—Carbonates bicarbonates
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D7/00—Compositions of detergents based essentially on non-surface-active compounds
  • C11D7/02—Inorganic compounds
  • C11D7/04—Water-soluble compounds
  • C11D7/10—Salts
  • C11D7/14—Silicates
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D7/00—Compositions of detergents based essentially on non-surface-active compounds
  • C11D7/02—Inorganic compounds
  • C11D7/04—Water-soluble compounds
  • C11D7/10—Salts
  • C11D7/16—Phosphates including polyphosphates
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
  • C23F—NON-MECHANICAL REMOVAL OF METALLIC MATERIAL FROM SURFACE; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL; MULTI-STEP PROCESSES FOR SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL INVOLVING AT LEAST ONE PROCESS PROVIDED FOR IN CLASS C23 AND AT LEAST ONE PROCESS COVERED BY SUBCLASS C21D OR C22F OR CLASS C25
  • C23F11/00—Inhibiting corrosion of metallic material by applying inhibitors to the surface in danger of corrosion or adding them to the corrosive agent
  • C23F11/06—Inhibiting corrosion of metallic material by applying inhibitors to the surface in danger of corrosion or adding them to the corrosive agent in markedly alkaline liquids
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
  • C23G—CLEANING OR DE-GREASING OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY CHEMICAL METHODS OTHER THAN ELECTROLYSIS
  • C23G1/00—Cleaning or pickling metallic material with solutions or molten salts
  • C23G1/14—Cleaning or pickling metallic material with solutions or molten salts with alkaline solutions
  • C23G1/16—Cleaning or pickling metallic material with solutions or molten salts with alkaline solutions using inhibitors

Definitions

• This invention relates generally to alkaline preparations, for example alkaline detergents for cleaning soft metals and more particularly to such detergents containing alkali-metal silicates and an inhibiting agent for preventingthe alkaline corrosion of the metal.
• silicates have been used also for cleaning tin but in this case the alkalinity of the cleaning solution must be adjusted to so low a pH and the temperature dropped to such an extent that effective cleaning can not easily be obtained.
• Other remedies for the corrosion of tin and aluminum by alkaline cleaners have been suggested also.
• tin the use of sodium sulphite has become quite widespread in recent years. This material decreases the oxygen concentration of the cleaning solution and inhibits the corrosion of tin by alkalies.
• the sodium sulphite is readily converted into sodium sulphate, which is ineffective in preventing corrosion.
• the present invention has many advantages over the methods previously employed. Aluminum, tin,
• loys thereof may be treated with solutions of extremely high pH at boiling temperatures for long periods of time without showing any evidence of corrosion.
• the cleaning solutions preferably have a pH of at least 10 and in many cases the pH is as high as '12 or over.
• the corrosion inhibitors which I employ do not decrease in effectivenesswith time, as do the sulphltes, but remain effective over long periods. They are without harmful effect upon the human skin and will not occasion the difficulties accompanying the use of chromates or dichromates.
• Sodium metasilicate, sesquisilicate and orthosilicate are strong alkalies, their alkalinity increasing in the order listed. It is well known that even the weakest of these, namely sodium metasilicate when used for example to wash tin or tin plate causes rapid spangling and solution of the tin even at relatively low temperature. I have found that by adding a small quantity of a water-soluble barium salt to any of these silicates the corrosive effect ofthe solution subsequently made from it is reduced to zero even at boiling temperatures over long periods of time. The following table, for example, indicates the results that have been obtained when several pieces of tin plate were boiled in solutions of sodium metasilicate with and without the addition of barium chloride as a typical water soluble barium salt.
• barium salt which is ordinarily soluble in water.
• water soluble barium salts which may be used are barium chloride, barium nitrate, bariumhydroxide and barium formate. I have found that the nitrate and hydroxide work substantially as well as the chloride ininhibiting the corrosion of the metal.
• the amount of barium salt best suited for the purpose will depend upon the metal to be treated, thetreating solution and the conditions of treatment. Ordinarily the barium salt should be used in an amount equal to at least 2% based on the weight of thealkali-metal silicate. Generally it will be between 3% and 10%, although more might be used without harmful eifect. When the cleaning solution is used at low temperatures, it is possible to decrease the amount of barium salt even below the lowest figure previously given. Ordinarily, however, it is unnecessary to use more than 10% of the barium salt.
• the silicate solution containing the corrosion inhibitor is useful in all cases where a, highly a1- kaline detergent is required. It may be used for example in the washing of tin plate, tubes, bakery pans, milk cans, and in tin fabricating plants. In the fabrication of tin plate, or articles made therefrom, it is. often necessary to apply grease to aid in the forming operations. This may be removed by the use of a highly alkaline cleaning solution in accordance with the present invention without attack on the tin.
• the cleaning solutions may be used also in the treatment of aluminum. In this case also, the solution may be used to remove the grease employed in fabricating the aluminum without, however, causing alkaline corrosion of the aluminum.
• a cleaning composition containing about 95% sodium metasilicate and 5% barium chloride or other water-soluble barium salt. This is dissolved in water to form a solution of a strength between A of 1% and 3%. Sodium metasilicate, sesquisilicate or orthosilicate are generally employed in 1% solutions.
• they might be boiled in the cleaning solu- Where the deposits on the bakery pans are excessive, I might use an aqueous solution of a composition containing 95% sodium orthosilicate and 5% barium chloride or other water soluble barthe metal in the absence of silicates.
• a wetting agent such as a sodium salt of a sulphated fatty alcohol in the amount of 13%
• the barium salts also act as inhibitors in the presence of mixtures of silicates with sodium hydroxide or other alkalies, soap, casein, deflocculating agents wetting agents, abrasives and the like.
• the inhibitors to be effective must be used in a composition containing at least 50 of an alkali-metal silicate, although the amount of silicate required 'must be determined in each case and depends upon the nature of the,materials added to it and the conditions under which the mixture is to be used.
• the alkaline solution may contain an alkali-metal silicate as its principal alkaline ingredient, in order for the inhibiting agent to be effective.
• The-composition from which the cleaning solution is made may contain other alkalies than conditions it may be increased. For example, if
• the detergent contains sodium metasilicate and trisodium orthophosphate and is to be used in cleaning tin by heating the tin for one hour at boiling temperature, the metasilicate being used in a 1% solution, I could use about 5% of the trisodium orthophosphate based on .the weight of the metasilicate. "Ihe proportion of trisodium phosphate could be increased under less. severe conditions or if a less alkaline material than tri sodium orthophosphate was employed, I might use alarger proportion of it.
• An alkaline detergent composition for soft metal comprising by weight'about 95% sodium orthosilicate and about 5% of a water soluble salt of a metal of the group consisting of barium and strontium.
• An alkaline detergent composition for soft metal comprising metasilicate, about 35% sodium hydroxide and about 5% of a water soluble salt of a metal of I v the group consisting of barium and strontium.
• compositions containing barium salts l may use strontium "4.
• An alkaline detergent composition for soft metal comprising by weight about60 to 95% sodium metasiiicate, an eifective amount up to about 35% of sodium hydroxide, and an eifective deflocculating agents, wetting agents, abrasives and the like.
• the invention enables the use of highly alkaline solutions containing alkali-metal silicates in the cleaning of soft metals without corrosion of the metal.
• the invention /has been dein. connection with preventm! the corrosion of plicable also to the treatment of zinc, lead, cadmium or other soft metals or alloys thereof.
• soft metal as used therein is intended to include any metal or alloy which under the proper conditions of temperature and concentration tends to be attacked or dissolved by alkaline solutions.
• the principal use of the invention is aluminum and tin, it is apin connection with cleaning solutions, the invention is applicable to inhibiting corrosion of for example as paints or adhesives.
• a. water -soluble salt of barium or strontium to a silicate-containing paint or adhesive or paint on soft metals during the time required for thepaint or adhesive to set or harden.
• An alkaline detergent composition for soft metal comprising by weight about to sodium metasilicate, an effective amount up to about 35% cf sodium hydroxide, and about 2% to 5%-of a water soluble salt of a metal of the group consisting of barium andstrontium.
• An alkaline detergent composition for soft metal comprising by weight about 60 to 95% of an alkali-metal metssilicate, an effective amount up to about 35% of an alkali-metal hydroxide, and an efiective amount up to about 10% of a water-soluble salt of a metal of the group consisting of barium and strontium.
• An alkaline detergent composition for soft metal comprising by weight about 60 to 95% alkaliqmetal, metasilicate, an effective amount up to about 35% of an alkali-metal compound which is more alkaline than said alkali-metal meta-- metal of the group consisting of barium and strontium.

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• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Organic Chemistry (AREA)
• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
• Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
• Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
• Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
• Materials Engineering (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• Metallurgy (AREA)
• General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Detergent Compositions (AREA)
• Cleaning And De-Greasing Of Metallic Materials By Chemical Methods (AREA)

Priority Applications (12)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (1)

Family

ID=23034508

Family Applications (2)

Family Applications After (1)

Country Status (7)

Cited By (4)

Families Citing this family (6)

• 1939
  • 1939-05-01 US US271176A patent/US2303397A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1939-05-01 US US271177A patent/US2303398A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
• 1940
  • 1940-04-03 GB GB15123/41A patent/GB541862A/en not_active Expired
  • 1940-04-03 GB GB6016/40A patent/GB541861A/en not_active Expired
  • 1940-04-03 GB GB15124/41A patent/GB541863A/en not_active Expired
  • 1940-04-20 NL NL97704A patent/NL59474C/xx active
  • 1940-04-25 SE SE158640A patent/SE106984C1/xx unknown
  • 1940-04-25 FR FR865163D patent/FR865163A/fr not_active Expired
  • 1940-04-25 SE SE158540A patent/SE106902C1/xx unknown
  • 1940-04-25 FR FR865162D patent/FR865162A/fr not_active Expired
  • 1940-04-29 BE BE438827D patent/BE438827A/xx unknown
  • 1940-04-30 CH CH234362D patent/CH234362A/de unknown

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