US2285552A - Production of filaments - Google Patents
Production of filaments Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US2285552A US2285552A US347492A US34749240A US2285552A US 2285552 A US2285552 A US 2285552A US 347492 A US347492 A US 347492A US 34749240 A US34749240 A US 34749240A US 2285552 A US2285552 A US 2285552A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- filaments
- temperature
- filament
- water
- cold
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title description 14
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 22
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 description 22
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 description 22
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 20
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 19
- DJZKNOVUNYPPEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetradecane-1,4,11,14-tetracarboxamide Chemical compound NC(=O)CCCC(C(N)=O)CCCCCCC(C(N)=O)CCCC(N)=O DJZKNOVUNYPPEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 11
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 description 10
- 238000010622 cold drawing Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 4
- GVNWZKBFMFUVNX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Adipamide Chemical compound NC(=O)CCCCC(N)=O GVNWZKBFMFUVNX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000004836 hexamethylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([*:2])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[*:1] 0.000 description 2
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000008280 chlorinated hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006735 deficit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000975 dye Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002170 ethers Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002576 ketones Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002074 melt spinning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001059 synthetic polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000080 wetting agent Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
- D01F6/00—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof
- D01F6/58—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from homopolycondensation products
- D01F6/60—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from homopolycondensation products from polyamides
Definitions
- This invention relates to the production of filaments of synthetic linear condensation 1937 now Patent No. 2,130,948, all of w. H.
- Carothers are capable of being formed by melt-spinning into filaments, ribbons, and the like, which possess the unusual property of being capable of being cold-drawn," i. e., drawn or elongated under application of stress in the solid state, with resulting orientation of internal structure and corresponding marked benefits to their mechanical properties.
- filaments of synthetic linear condensation polymers particularly to coarser filaments
- the production of filaments of circular cross section may readily be accomplished by following the teachings of the prior art but this has not been the case with respect to filaments of polymeric hexamethylene adipamide.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a process of manufacturing polymeric hexamethylene adipamide filaments which are substantially perfectly circular in cross section.
- a further object is to provide such a process which will produce filaments in no way impairedwith respect to their other properties.
- the above objects are accomplished according to the present invention by extruding molten polymeric hexamethylene adipamide through a circular orifice into a quenching liquid having substantially'no solvent action on the polymer and maintained at .atemperature of at least 35 C.
- theiquenching liquid is water and, for practicaloperationpit would be kept at a temperature of 35F-4Q" C.
- the filament is subsequently cold-drawn after being thoroughly soaked in water or many be cold-drawn at a temperature somewhat above room temperature.
- the present invention resides in the discovery that, if extruded filaments of polymeric hexamethylene adipamide are quenched in a non-solvent quenching liquid maintained at a temperature of 35 C. or more, the cross sectional shape of the extruded filament is not changed but retains the shape of the orifice through which the molten polymer was extruded. This is especially observable in the manufacture of coarser filaments and it is the manufacture of such filaments to which the present invention is most advantageously applicable.
- the filament thus quenched is preferably soaked in water before being cold-drawn, or is cold-drawn while at a temperature somewhat above room temperature, either of which techniques facilitates the cold-drawing.
- the molpolymer may be molten when it contacts the quenching liquid or may be set or partially set subsequent operationsunder commercial conditions. Specimens of filaments thus produced were drawn by hand, i. e., stretched by'hand until they ceased to yield, without any intermediate treatment. Filaments quenchedin the quenching liquid maintained at 40 C. or less 7 could be drawn satisfactorily in this manner.
- filament specimens quenched at 70 C. could be Temperature Time of soak- Deviation of quenching ing before from liquid drawing circularity 0. Days Percent 12 l 31. 6 20 l 21. 1 25 l 12. 8 i0 1 7. 2 l 1. 9 l) 1. 7) 40) 2) 2. 9) 2 1. 4 2 1. 4 70) 2) l. 3) 70) 3) I. 6) 80) 2) 2. 4) 80) 3) l. 9)
- the quenching liquid may consist of a mixture of compounds. Also, it may contain wetting agents, dyes, and the like.
- the quenching liquid is used in the form of a bath or a spray although the former is apt to be more convenient.
- the temperature of the liquid may be regulated or kept constant by any suitable means.
- the colddrawing is facilitated by first soaking the filament in water, the duration of said soaking being regulated to avoid any difiiculty in, the cold drawing. Usually a period of 24 hours will be suificient but, as shown hereinbefore, a soaking of 48 hours or even longer maybe desirable where the filament has been quenched in a liquid maintained at a relatively high temperature. Rather than soaking the filament in water, it may be warmed to a temperature of from about 50 C.
- the present invention provides a method of ensuring'the substantiahcircularity of cross sections of filaments of polymeric hexamethylene extruded from a circular orifice and is of great practical value in the production of filaments of this material for uses in which circularity of the filament is of prime importance.
- This circularity oi the filament is achieved in accordance with this invention at some sacrifice of tensile strength but without significant impairment of the other important properties of the filament.
- Process of manufacturing filaments of polymeric hexamethylene adipamide of circular cross section which comprises extruding molten polymer through a circular orifice into a quenching liquid having substantially no solvent action on said polymer and maintained at a temperature of 35 C. to 45 C.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Spinning Methods And Devices For Manufacturing Artificial Fibers (AREA)
- Artificial Filaments (AREA)
Priority Applications (5)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| BE461575D BE461575A (is") | 1940-07-25 | ||
| NL56120D NL56120C (is") | 1940-07-25 | ||
| US347492A US2285552A (en) | 1940-07-25 | 1940-07-25 | Production of filaments |
| GB9451/41A GB550852A (en) | 1940-07-25 | 1941-07-25 | Filaments, monofils and like structures of polymeric hexamethylene adipamide |
| FR917428D FR917428A (fr) | 1940-07-25 | 1945-11-14 | Procédé de fabrication de filaments à partir de matières synthétiques |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US347492A US2285552A (en) | 1940-07-25 | 1940-07-25 | Production of filaments |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US2285552A true US2285552A (en) | 1942-06-09 |
Family
ID=23363917
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US347492A Expired - Lifetime US2285552A (en) | 1940-07-25 | 1940-07-25 | Production of filaments |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US2285552A (is") |
| BE (1) | BE461575A (is") |
| FR (1) | FR917428A (is") |
| GB (1) | GB550852A (is") |
| NL (1) | NL56120C (is") |
Cited By (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2484523A (en) * | 1945-01-04 | 1949-10-11 | Du Pont | Process for making polyamide filaments |
| US2509741A (en) * | 1942-11-03 | 1950-05-30 | Du Pont | Production of filamentous structures |
| US2558731A (en) * | 1947-09-04 | 1951-07-03 | American Cyanamid Co | Method of producing synthetic fibers from polymers and copolymers of acrylonitrile |
| DE863702C (de) * | 1949-11-24 | 1953-01-19 | Kunstseidefabrik Bobingen | Verfahren zum Heissverstrecken von thermoplastischen Faeden |
| US2674025A (en) * | 1949-08-15 | 1954-04-06 | Texiclon Corp | Polymeric filaments |
| US3018157A (en) * | 1954-10-28 | 1962-01-23 | Du Pont | Process of producing uniformly dyeing polyacrylonitrile filaments by heat stretching the water wetted filaments |
| US3057040A (en) * | 1959-06-18 | 1962-10-09 | Du Pont | Monofilaments |
| US3059991A (en) * | 1959-03-20 | 1962-10-23 | E B & A C Whiting Company | Method of making oriented filamentary article of isotactic polypropylene |
| US3063189A (en) * | 1962-01-02 | 1962-11-13 | Du Pont | Fishing line |
| EP3231590A1 (en) | 2016-04-13 | 2017-10-18 | Xerox Corporation | Silver polyester-sulfonated nanoparticle composite filaments and methods of making the same |
| EP3231900A1 (en) | 2016-04-13 | 2017-10-18 | Xerox Corporation | Polymer coated sulfonated polyester silver nanoparticle composite filaments and methods of making the same |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| BE472049A (is") * | 1946-03-22 |
-
0
- NL NL56120D patent/NL56120C/xx active
- BE BE461575D patent/BE461575A/xx unknown
-
1940
- 1940-07-25 US US347492A patent/US2285552A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1941
- 1941-07-25 GB GB9451/41A patent/GB550852A/en not_active Expired
-
1945
- 1945-11-14 FR FR917428D patent/FR917428A/fr not_active Expired
Cited By (13)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2509741A (en) * | 1942-11-03 | 1950-05-30 | Du Pont | Production of filamentous structures |
| US2484523A (en) * | 1945-01-04 | 1949-10-11 | Du Pont | Process for making polyamide filaments |
| US2558731A (en) * | 1947-09-04 | 1951-07-03 | American Cyanamid Co | Method of producing synthetic fibers from polymers and copolymers of acrylonitrile |
| US2674025A (en) * | 1949-08-15 | 1954-04-06 | Texiclon Corp | Polymeric filaments |
| DE863702C (de) * | 1949-11-24 | 1953-01-19 | Kunstseidefabrik Bobingen | Verfahren zum Heissverstrecken von thermoplastischen Faeden |
| US3018157A (en) * | 1954-10-28 | 1962-01-23 | Du Pont | Process of producing uniformly dyeing polyacrylonitrile filaments by heat stretching the water wetted filaments |
| US3059991A (en) * | 1959-03-20 | 1962-10-23 | E B & A C Whiting Company | Method of making oriented filamentary article of isotactic polypropylene |
| US3057040A (en) * | 1959-06-18 | 1962-10-09 | Du Pont | Monofilaments |
| US3063189A (en) * | 1962-01-02 | 1962-11-13 | Du Pont | Fishing line |
| EP3231590A1 (en) | 2016-04-13 | 2017-10-18 | Xerox Corporation | Silver polyester-sulfonated nanoparticle composite filaments and methods of making the same |
| EP3231900A1 (en) | 2016-04-13 | 2017-10-18 | Xerox Corporation | Polymer coated sulfonated polyester silver nanoparticle composite filaments and methods of making the same |
| US9863065B2 (en) | 2016-04-13 | 2018-01-09 | Xerox Corporation | Polymer coated sulfonated polyester—silver nanoparticle composite filaments and methods of making the same |
| US9877485B2 (en) | 2016-04-13 | 2018-01-30 | Xerox Corporation | Silver polyester-sulfonated nanoparticle composite filaments and methods of making the same |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| GB550852A (en) | 1943-01-27 |
| NL56120C (is") | |
| FR917428A (fr) | 1947-01-07 |
| BE461575A (is") |
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