US2276218A - Wire seal, particularly for use in incandescent lamps and discharge tubes - Google Patents

Wire seal, particularly for use in incandescent lamps and discharge tubes Download PDF

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Publication number
US2276218A
US2276218A US340829A US34082940A US2276218A US 2276218 A US2276218 A US 2276218A US 340829 A US340829 A US 340829A US 34082940 A US34082940 A US 34082940A US 2276218 A US2276218 A US 2276218A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
wire
quartz
layer
diameter
seal
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US340829A
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English (en)
Inventor
Lemmens Hendricus Johannes
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
General Electric Co
Original Assignee
General Electric Co
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by General Electric Co filed Critical General Electric Co
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US2276218A publication Critical patent/US2276218A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J5/00—Details relating to vessels or to leading-in conductors common to two or more basic types of discharge tubes or lamps
    • H01J5/32—Seals for leading-in conductors

Definitions

  • -wire thickness is about 0.03 millimetre.
  • the invention provides means permitting of obtaining a very reliable seal which, owing to the fact that wires of very considerable thickness, for example of a few millimeters, can be sealed, may also be used for comparatively high current strengths.
  • the wire is made of a material having a melting point exceeding 2000 C., has a diameter D of at least 0.05 mm. and has a layer of quartz or quartz-glass fused to it, the thickness of the layer being not more than 0.24 mm. with wire thicknesses of less than 0.6 mm. and not more than 024+ ('D- 0.6) 0.16 mm. for wire-thicknesses exceeding 0.6 mm.
  • the invention is based on recognition of the fact that seals which remain gas-tight at high temperatures even after a long time of operation, and in which comparatively thick wires are sealed into quartz can be obtained if care is taken that the film of quartz or quartz-glass isvery thin compared with the wire.
  • the value indicated above for the thickness of the quartz or quartz-glass layer on the wire is a maximum value. If the layerathickness is chosen in accordance with the maximum admissible value a seal is obtained which, although a certain wastage occurs in manufacture, satisfies all requirements when in use and continues to satisfy them and notably does not manifest the defect of known seais of eventually losing gas-tightness.
  • a thicker preferably has a thickness d of not more than 0.24 mm. with wire thicknesses D less than 0.6 mm; and a thickness of not more than 024+ (D-0.6)0.l6 0.8 min. for wire thicknesses exceeding 0.6 mm.
  • Molybdenum is preferably chosen as the ma: terial for the wire if a small evolution of. heat, resulting from the heat evolved in the .wire, is desired or because of further treatment.
  • alloys and compounds having a melting point higher than 2000 C. may naturally be used for the wire in the seal.
  • tantalum may be'mentioned.
  • the seal described above is of value if it is desired for any reason to have a wire of a metal having a melting point higher than 2000 C. to which an insulating film is fused, for example if the occurrence of'flashing-over between two electrodes is to be avoided in a discharge tube; in this case one of the electrodes or both may be provided with the layer according to the invention.
  • the seal according to the invention is con- 'veniently made with the'aid of a quartz tube.
  • the quartz layer of the seal may have a glass or quartz bead fused to it.
  • the choice of the material of thebead depends inter alia on the material of the bulb.
  • the seal according to the invention when equipped with a bead can be used by itselfjor various purposes.
  • a bead can be used as a support for metal members.
  • the ears which support the'filament of an electric incandescent lamp could be inserted in such a bead secured to a tungsten wire.
  • Fig. l is a graph showing the relation that exists between a wire thickness D and an associated quartz layer having a thickness d, that is to say the graph indicates at each value of the wire thickness the maximum admissible thickness of the quartz or quartz-glass layer.
  • the wire thicknesses are plotted as abscissae, the layer thicknesses as ordinates.
  • the relation ,registered in the graph was ascertained by experiment.
  • Fig. 2 shows, on a larger scale, a seal according to the invention in which the tungsten wire I has a thickness D of 2 mm.
  • the thickness d of the layer 2 is 0.4 and this is slightly lower than the maximum permissible value of 0.47 as follows from the line ABC of Fig. 1. It is found that the quartz layer 2 is so firmly sealed on the tungsten wire that if attempts are made to break this seal it is more likely that quartz fragments break from the quartz layer 2 than that the adhesion between the wire I and the layer 2 is disturbed.
  • Fig. 4 shows a tungsten wire 5 having mounted on it a quartz layer 6 and on top thereof a glass
  • Fig. 3 shows another method of providing-a which is contained in the space R and in the annular space between the wire 3 and the tube 4 is driven off so that it escapes at S.
  • the oxide which is formed is also driven off and this prior to bead l.
  • the figure shows that the quartz layer 6 extends on either side of the glass bead. This projecting portion may be removed, for example, by grinding but due to the fact that the bead is made of material different from that of the layer it is possible to ascertainthat the glass bead is applied tothe metal wire by way of an intermediate layer of quartz.
  • Fig. 5 again shows the tungsten wire of Fig. 4, the glass bead I mounted on the quartz layer 0 being, however, sealed to a glass wall I, for example, the bulb of an electric incandescent lamp.
  • the figure shows that the portion of the lamp bulb which is immediately adjacent the seal is normal to the tungsten wire 5 existing in th seal.
  • a gas-tight, electrically conducting seal comprising a metal wire and a layer of quartz fused to said wire, said wire having a melting point higher than 2000 C. and a diameter of at least 0.05 mm., the thickness of the quartz layer and the diameter of the wire being in such relation that the layer is not more than 024mm. thick when the diameter of the wire is less than 0.6 mm. and not more than 0.24+(D-0.6) 0.16 mm. thick when the diameter of the wire is greater than 0.6 mm. where D is the diameter of the wire.
  • a gas-tight, electrically conducting seal comprising a tungsten wire and a layer of quartz fused to said wire, said wire having a diameter of at least 0.05 mm., the thickness of the quartz layer and the diameter of the wire being in such relation that the layer is not more than 0.24 mm. thick when the diameter of the wire is less than 0.6 mm. and not more than 0.24+(D-0.6)0.16 mm. thick when the diameter of the wire is greater than 0.6 mm. where D is the diameter of the wire.
  • a gas-tight, electrically conducting seal comprising a molybdenum wire and a layer of quartz fused to said wire, said wire having a diameter of at least 0.05 mm., the thickness of.
  • a gas-tight, electrically conducting se comprising a metal wire, a layer of quartz fused to said wire anda head of vitreous material fused to said quartz layer, said wire having a melting point higher than 2000 C. and a diameter of at least 0.05 mm., the thickness of the quartz layer and the diameter of the wire being-in such relation that the layer is not more than 0.24 mm. thick when the diameter of the wire is less than 0.6 mm. and not more than 0.24+(D-0.6)0.16
  • a gas-tight, electrically conducting seal for a vitreous envelope having a planar portion said seal comprising a metal wire normal to the planarportion of said envelope, a layer of quartz fused to said wire and a bead of vitreous material fused to said quartz layer for fusion with said envelope, said wire having a melting point higher than 2000 C. and a diameter of at least 0.05 mm., the thickness of the quartz layer and the diameter of the wire being in such relation that the layer is not more than 024mm. thick when the diameter of the wire is less than 0.6 mm. and not more than 0.24+(D-0.6)0.l6 mm. thick when the diameter .of the wire is greater than. 0.6 mm. where D is the diameterof the wire. 7
  • a gas-tight, electrically conducting seal comprising a metal wire, a layer of quartz fused to said wire and a glass bead fused to said quartz layer.
  • said wire having a melting point higher than 2000 C. and a diameter-of at least 0.05 mm., the thickness of the quartz layer and the diameter of the wire being in such relation that the layer is not more than 024mm. thick when the diameter of the wire is less than 0.6 mm.
  • the diameter of the wire is greater than 0.6 mm.
  • D is the diameter of the wire.
  • a gas-tight, electrically conducting seal comprising a tantalum wire and a layer of quartz fused to said wire, said wire having a diameter of at least 0.05 mm., the thickness of the quartz layer and the diameter of the wire being in such relation that the layer is not more than 0.24 mm. thick when the diameter of the wire is less than 0.6 mm. and not more than 0.24+(D-0.6) 0.16

Landscapes

  • Vessels And Coating Films For Discharge Lamps (AREA)
US340829A 1939-05-27 1940-06-15 Wire seal, particularly for use in incandescent lamps and discharge tubes Expired - Lifetime US2276218A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
NL231993X 1939-05-27

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US2276218A true US2276218A (en) 1942-03-10

Family

ID=19780019

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US340829A Expired - Lifetime US2276218A (en) 1939-05-27 1940-06-15 Wire seal, particularly for use in incandescent lamps and discharge tubes

Country Status (7)

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US (1) US2276218A (en))
BE (1) BE440612A (en))
CH (1) CH231993A (en))
DE (1) DE1081137B (en))
FR (1) FR871109A (en))
GB (2) GB543570A (en))
NL (1) NL61573C (en))

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2439916A (en) * 1945-03-01 1948-04-20 Westinghouse Electric Corp Method of sealing coaxial structures
US2570683A (en) * 1946-07-12 1951-10-09 Sylvania Electric Prod Lead wire construction and method of sealing
US2670399A (en) * 1949-08-12 1954-02-23 Westinghouse Electric Corp High-pressure gaseous discharge lamp
US2928276A (en) * 1953-06-29 1960-03-15 Honeywell Regulator Co Means for measuring thermoelectrically a constituent of an atmosphere
US3220097A (en) * 1959-12-14 1965-11-30 Corning Glass Works Method of making an encapsulated impedance element
US3448320A (en) * 1966-12-15 1969-06-03 Gen Electric Electric lamp and method of manufacture
US3502932A (en) * 1967-10-02 1970-03-24 Gen Electric Incandescent lamp and method of manufacture
US4202999A (en) * 1978-04-11 1980-05-13 General Electric Company Fused silica lamp envelope and seal
US4325647A (en) * 1978-11-29 1982-04-20 Rosenthal Technik A.G. Element and method for connecting ceramic and metallic parts

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
NL7705365A (nl) * 1977-05-16 1978-11-20 Philips Nv Elektrische lamp.

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2439916A (en) * 1945-03-01 1948-04-20 Westinghouse Electric Corp Method of sealing coaxial structures
US2570683A (en) * 1946-07-12 1951-10-09 Sylvania Electric Prod Lead wire construction and method of sealing
US2670399A (en) * 1949-08-12 1954-02-23 Westinghouse Electric Corp High-pressure gaseous discharge lamp
US2928276A (en) * 1953-06-29 1960-03-15 Honeywell Regulator Co Means for measuring thermoelectrically a constituent of an atmosphere
US3220097A (en) * 1959-12-14 1965-11-30 Corning Glass Works Method of making an encapsulated impedance element
US3448320A (en) * 1966-12-15 1969-06-03 Gen Electric Electric lamp and method of manufacture
US3502932A (en) * 1967-10-02 1970-03-24 Gen Electric Incandescent lamp and method of manufacture
US4202999A (en) * 1978-04-11 1980-05-13 General Electric Company Fused silica lamp envelope and seal
US4325647A (en) * 1978-11-29 1982-04-20 Rosenthal Technik A.G. Element and method for connecting ceramic and metallic parts

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR871109A (fr) 1942-04-09
GB543570A (en) 1942-03-04
BE440612A (en))
GB626203A (en) 1949-07-11
CH231993A (de) 1944-04-30
NL61573C (en))
DE1081137B (de) 1960-05-05

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