US227331A - Apparatus for felting - Google Patents
Apparatus for felting Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US227331A US227331A US227331DA US227331A US 227331 A US227331 A US 227331A US 227331D A US227331D A US 227331DA US 227331 A US227331 A US 227331A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- cloth
- sizing
- hat
- bodies
- rolled
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 238000009950 felting Methods 0.000 title description 16
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 74
- 210000000614 Ribs Anatomy 0.000 description 18
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 12
- 238000004513 sizing Methods 0.000 description 12
- 239000002759 woven fabric Substances 0.000 description 10
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 8
- 240000002027 Ficus elastica Species 0.000 description 6
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000006011 modification reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 229920001195 polyisoprene Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 6
- 206010054107 Nodule Diseases 0.000 description 4
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 description 4
- 210000000988 Bone and Bones Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 210000000282 Nails Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 229940119258 Tucks Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 239000000306 component Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002965 rope Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009958 sewing Methods 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
Images
Classifications
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H17/00—Felting apparatus
- D04H17/10—Felting apparatus for felting between rollers, e.g. heated rollers
Definitions
- This invention relates, first, to what are known in hat manufacturing as sizingcloths, in which the hat-bodies are, and other felt goods may be, subjected to the operation known as sizing or planking, by which they are or may be shrunk to the requisite size and worked to the requisite degree of compactness and tenacity.
- Such cloths consist, generally, of a piece of ordinary even-surfaced woven fabric, such as burlap.
- My improvement in such cloths consists in a sizin g-cloth constructed, provided, or furnished with slats, ribs, ridges, bosses, or projections, constructed with some parts thicker, harder, or more solid than others, or otherwise having an uneven or irregular surface, for the purpose of producing a more effectual working of the hat-bodies or other goods in the rolling operation to which they are subjected in such cloths.
- the hat-bodies or other articles to be felted, when rolled in the ordinary even surfaced cloth, are apt to be so closely confined as to prevent that working of their com ponent fibers on, with or into, and between each otherwhich is requisitefor perfectfeltin g; but, by reason of the projections or uneven face or body of my improved cloth, the goods have room provided for them between the thicker, harder, or more solid portions of the said cloth to enable them to be properly worked, and the said projec- 0 jections, or thicker, harder, or more solid portions, will work upon the goods between them, and so work them more effectually.
- This improved cloth may be used in sizing or planking by hand, or in a sizing or plankin g machine.
- Another improvement consists in the combination, with a sizing-cloth, of aheavy weight, preferably in the form of a roller, to be rolled up into the hat-body or other article, or the roll of hat-bodies or other articles rolled up within such cloth, for the purpose of produc- (No model.)
- This weight may be attached to one end of the sizing-cloth or he left (letached therefrom, and it may be used in combination with various machines by which the rolling or planking operation may be performed.
- Figure 1 is a face view of one example of my improved sizing-cloth.
- Fig. 2 is a longitudinal section of the same.
- Figs. 3 and 4 are face views of two modifications of the same.
- Figs. 5, 6, and 7 are longitudinal sections of other modifications of the same.
- Figs. 8, 9, and 10 are sectional views illustrating methods of rolling up hat-bodies in such cloths.
- Fig. 11 exhibits a section of such a cloth having the weight above mentioned attached to one end, showing it partly rolled up with hatbodies inside.
- the sizing-cloth consists of a piece of burlap or other woven fabric, A, which has an uneven surface produced by having secured to its face, by rivets or otherwise, a series of slats or ribs, B B, of wood or other material, the said slats or ribs being arranged transversely at right angles to the length of the cloth.
- the cloth represented in Figs. 3 and 4 is composed of a single cloth, A, with a series of oblique ribs or projections, B, on its face, producing its uneven surface.
- the ribs or projections thus arranged must, in order to enable them to be rolled up, be of some flexible material, as india-rubber, and such cloths, with such ribs or projections,1nightbe made wholly of vulcanized india-rubber in one piece.
- the cloth A (represented in Fig. 5) has an uneven surface produced by forming in it a series of tucks or pockets, to a, into which are inserted fillings Z), of fibrous cord or other material.
- the cloth represented in Fig.6 is double, being composed of two cloths, A A, of burlap or other woven fabric, having inserted and secured between them, by rivets, nails, or other means, slats, ribs, or rods 0 c, of wood or other material, of square, round, or other form.
- the cloth represented in Fig. 7 is like that shown in Fig. 6, except that the inner cloth, A, is made shorter than the outer one, A,
- Another modification of the cloth would consist in providing its surface with a series of bosses, knobs, buttons, or nodules of wood, bone, indiarubber, or other material, or with knots of cord or other material, such bosses, knobs, nodules, buttons, or knots to be secured to thecloth by riveting, sewing, or other convenient means.
- a cloth may be made of strings or light cords arranged parallel and lengthwise, like the warp of a woven fabric, and stouter cords or pieces of rope arranged transversely to the said strings or lighter cords, as the rods, ribs, or slats B B and c c are arranged relatively to the cloths A and A A.
- the hat-bodies or other articles to be felted may. be dipped in water or other liquid or solution used in felting and rolled up in these cloths, either spread out singly, as shown in Figs. 8 and 9, or a number all together within the inner end of the cloth, as shown in Fig. 10.
- the sizing'or felting operation may be performed by rolling and working the roll composed of the cloth and the bodies in the same way in which the sizing is generally performed by hand or in the sizing-machines in common use.
- a suitable machine for the purpose is that illustrated in Fig. 12, which is well known, the principal working parts of which are three rollers, D D E, rotating in the same direction, the two lower rollers, D D, having their journals in fixed bearings, and the upper one, E, which is a pressure-roller, having its journals in a frame, F, to which pressure is applied by a treadle, G.
- H in Fig. 11 is the weight combined with the sizing-cloth for producing automatically, on a roll of hat-bodies or other goods rolled up into said cloth, a pressure outward from the interior thereof as the said roll is worked in the usual process of sizing.
- This weight is in the form of a cylinder or roller of a length equal to the width of the cloth, say about eighteen inches, and of an external diameter about one and a half inch. I have successfully used for this weight a piece of lead pipe of the above dimensions which weighs about eighteen pounds.
- This weight should,for convenience, be permanently attached to one end of the sizing-cloth, so that it may be easily rolled up into the middle of the roll of hatbodies or other articles rolled up into the said cloth. The weight may, however, be left detached from the cloth and have the hat-bodies or other articles rolled up on it as they are rolled up into the cloth.
- a weight of this kind may be used in combination with a sizing-cloth of the ordinary kind with good effect, though I prefer to use it in combination with my improved sizingcloth.
- a sizing-cloth for felting hat-bodies or other articles having an uneven or irregular raised surface substantially as and for the purpose herein described- 2.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Treatment Of Fiber Materials (AREA)
Description
(No Model.)
J. T. WARI'NG.
Apparatus for Felting Hat Eddies. No.- 227,331. Patented May 4, 1880.
N. PETERS. PHQTO-LITHOGRAPNER. WASHINGTON, D C.
UNITED STATES PATENT JOHN T. WARING, OF BOSTON, MASSACHUSETTS.
APPARATUS FOR FELTING HAT-BODIES.
SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent N0. 227,331, dated May 4, 1880.
Application filed March 17, 1880.
To all whom it may concern:
Be it known that I, JOHN T. WARING, of Boston, in the county of Suffolk and State of Massachusetts, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Apparatus for Felting Hat-Bodies. and other Articles. of which the following is a specification, reference bein g had to the accoi'n ianying drawings.
This invention relates, first, to what are known in hat manufacturing as sizingcloths, in which the hat-bodies are, and other felt goods may be, subjected to the operation known as sizing or planking, by which they are or may be shrunk to the requisite size and worked to the requisite degree of compactness and tenacity. Such cloths consist, generally, of a piece of ordinary even-surfaced woven fabric, such as burlap.
My improvement in such cloths consists in a sizin g-cloth constructed, provided, or furnished with slats, ribs, ridges, bosses, or projections, constructed with some parts thicker, harder, or more solid than others, or otherwise having an uneven or irregular surface, for the purpose of producing a more effectual working of the hat-bodies or other goods in the rolling operation to which they are subjected in such cloths.
The hat-bodies or other articles to be felted, when rolled in the ordinary even surfaced cloth, are apt to be so closely confined as to prevent that working of their com ponent fibers on, with or into, and between each otherwhich is requisitefor perfectfeltin g; but, by reason of the projections or uneven face or body of my improved cloth, the goods have room provided for them between the thicker, harder, or more solid portions of the said cloth to enable them to be properly worked, and the said projec- 0 jections, or thicker, harder, or more solid portions, will work upon the goods between them, and so work them more effectually.
This improved cloth may be used in sizing or planking by hand, or in a sizing or plankin g machine.
Another improvement consists in the combination, with a sizing-cloth, of aheavy weight, preferably in the form of a roller, to be rolled up into the hat-body or other article, or the roll of hat-bodies or other articles rolled up within such cloth, for the purpose of produc- (No model.)
ing automatically on the said body, bodies, or other articles a pressure outward from the interior thereof. This weight may be attached to one end of the sizing-cloth or he left (letached therefrom, and it may be used in combination with various machines by which the rolling or planking operation may be performed.
Figure 1 is a face view of one example of my improved sizing-cloth. Fig. 2 is a longitudinal section of the same. Figs. 3 and 4are face views of two modifications of the same. Figs. 5, 6, and 7 are longitudinal sections of other modifications of the same. Figs. 8, 9, and 10 are sectional views illustrating methods of rolling up hat-bodies in such cloths. Fig. 11 exhibits a section of such a cloth having the weight above mentioned attached to one end, showing it partly rolled up with hatbodies inside.
In the example shown in Figs 1 and 2 the sizing-cloth consists of a piece of burlap or other woven fabric, A, which has an uneven surface produced by having secured to its face, by rivets or otherwise, a series of slats or ribs, B B, of wood or other material, the said slats or ribs being arranged transversely at right angles to the length of the cloth.
The cloth represented in Figs. 3 and 4 is composed of a single cloth, A, with a series of oblique ribs or projections, B, on its face, producing its uneven surface. The ribs or projections thus arranged must, in order to enable them to be rolled up, be of some flexible material, as india-rubber, and such cloths, with such ribs or projections,1nightbe made wholly of vulcanized india-rubber in one piece.
The cloth A (represented in Fig. 5) has an uneven surface produced by forming in it a series of tucks or pockets, to a, into which are inserted fillings Z), of fibrous cord or other material.
The cloth represented in Fig.6 is double, being composed of two cloths, A A, of burlap or other woven fabric, having inserted and secured between them, by rivets, nails, or other means, slats, ribs, or rods 0 c, of wood or other material, of square, round, or other form.
The cloth represented in Fig. 7 is like that shown in Fig. 6, except that the inner cloth, A, is made shorter than the outer one, A,
so that in the double internally slatted or ribbed cloth thus formed the two cloths may be nearly equally tight. These slats, ribs,-or rods 0 0 give these cloths uneven surfaces.
Another modification of the cloth would consist in providing its surface with a series of bosses, knobs, buttons, or nodules of wood, bone, indiarubber, or other material, or with knots of cord or other material, such bosses, knobs, nodules, buttons, or knots to be secured to thecloth by riveting, sewing, or other convenient means.
Instead of a woven fabric with projections formed on its face in any of the ways above described, a cloth may be made of strings or light cords arranged parallel and lengthwise, like the warp of a woven fabric, and stouter cords or pieces of rope arranged transversely to the said strings or lighter cords, as the rods, ribs, or slats B B and c c are arranged relatively to the cloths A and A A.
The hat-bodies or other articles to be felted (indicated by d (I) may. be dipped in water or other liquid or solution used in felting and rolled up in these cloths, either spread out singly, as shown in Figs. 8 and 9, or a number all together within the inner end of the cloth, as shown in Fig. 10. I. propose, generally, to operate in such a cloth upon about four hatbodies at a time.
When the hatbodies are rolled up in the cloth the sizing'or felting operation may be performed by rolling and working the roll composed of the cloth and the bodies in the same way in which the sizing is generally performed by hand or in the sizing-machines in common use. A suitable machine for the purpose is that illustrated in Fig. 12, which is well known, the principal working parts of which are three rollers, D D E, rotating in the same direction, the two lower rollers, D D, having their journals in fixed bearings, and the upper one, E, which is a pressure-roller, having its journals in a frame, F, to which pressure is applied by a treadle, G.
H in Fig. 11 is the weight combined with the sizing-cloth for producing automatically, on a roll of hat-bodies or other goods rolled up into said cloth, a pressure outward from the interior thereof as the said roll is worked in the usual process of sizing. This weight is in the form of a cylinder or roller of a length equal to the width of the cloth, say about eighteen inches, and of an external diameter about one and a half inch. I have successfully used for this weight a piece of lead pipe of the above dimensions which weighs about eighteen pounds. This weight should,for convenience, be permanently attached to one end of the sizing-cloth, so that it may be easily rolled up into the middle of the roll of hatbodies or other articles rolled up into the said cloth. The weight may, however, be left detached from the cloth and have the hat-bodies or other articles rolled up on it as they are rolled up into the cloth.
A weight of this kind may be used in combination with a sizing-cloth of the ordinary kind with good effect, though I prefer to use it in combination with my improved sizingcloth.
What I. claim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-- 1. A sizing-cloth for felting hat-bodies or other articles having an uneven or irregular raised surface, substantially as and for the purpose herein described- 2. The combination, with a sizing-cloth for felting hat-bodies or other goods, of a weight, H, adapted to be contained within a roll of articles to be sized or felted in such cloth and to produce automatically therein a pressure outward from the interior thereof, substantially as and for the purpose herein described.
3. The combination, with a sizing-cloth, of an attached weight, H, substantially as and for the purpose herein specified.
JOHN T. WARING.
Witnesses:
FREDK. HAYNES, A. O. WEBB.
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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US227331A true US227331A (en) | 1880-05-04 |
Family
ID=2296714
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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US227331D Expired - Lifetime US227331A (en) | Apparatus for felting |
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Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3981129A (en) * | 1974-05-16 | 1976-09-21 | Iws Nominee Company Limited | Method and device for the felting of sliver and suchlike into felted yarns |
-
0
- US US227331D patent/US227331A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3981129A (en) * | 1974-05-16 | 1976-09-21 | Iws Nominee Company Limited | Method and device for the felting of sliver and suchlike into felted yarns |
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