US2267764A - Suction cleaner - Google Patents

Suction cleaner Download PDF

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Publication number
US2267764A
US2267764A US220917A US22091738A US2267764A US 2267764 A US2267764 A US 2267764A US 220917 A US220917 A US 220917A US 22091738 A US22091738 A US 22091738A US 2267764 A US2267764 A US 2267764A
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United States
Prior art keywords
cleaner
wheels
nozzle
handle
carpet
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Expired - Lifetime
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US220917A
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English (en)
Inventor
Charles H Taylor
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Hoover Co
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Hoover Co
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Publication date
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Publication of US2267764A publication Critical patent/US2267764A/en
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47L—DOMESTIC WASHING OR CLEANING; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47L5/00—Structural features of suction cleaners
    • A47L5/12—Structural features of suction cleaners with power-driven air-pumps or air-compressors, e.g. driven by motor vehicle engine vacuum
    • A47L5/22—Structural features of suction cleaners with power-driven air-pumps or air-compressors, e.g. driven by motor vehicle engine vacuum with rotary fans
    • A47L5/28—Suction cleaners with handles and nozzles fixed on the casings, e.g. wheeled suction cleaners with steering handle
    • A47L5/34—Suction cleaners with handles and nozzles fixed on the casings, e.g. wheeled suction cleaners with steering handle with height adjustment of nozzles or dust-loosening tools
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47L—DOMESTIC WASHING OR CLEANING; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47L9/00—Details or accessories of suction cleaners, e.g. mechanical means for controlling the suction or for effecting pulsating action; Storing devices specially adapted to suction cleaners or parts thereof; Carrying-vehicles specially adapted for suction cleaners
    • A47L9/009—Carrying-vehicles; Arrangements of trollies or wheels; Means for avoiding mechanical obstacles

Definitions

  • This invention relates to improvements in suction cleaners and more particularly to a cleaner so designed as to becapable of supporting its nozzle portion at a substantially constant height above the surface of the floor covering to be cleaned regardless of its quality, texture or'other surface characteristics.
  • suction cleaners have been the practice to equip suction cleaners with some form of mechanism or device for adjusting, either manually or automatically, the height of the nozzle for different kinds of floorcovering or for different grades of It is the object of the present invention to perfect the design of a suction cleaner having the inherent ability to maintain itself at the proper nozzle height for different kinds and grades of carpet to be cleaned, this object to be words, it is to be understood that when suction is applied at the nozzle, the carpet is lifted from the floor and held in sealing contact against the suction mouth.
  • a motor-driven fan 3 located within a fan chamber 4 disposed centrally of the casing I and communicating with the nozzle chamber through a suitable inlet passagetherebetween.
  • the motor (not shown) is enclosed within a dome-like cover 5, both being supported upon the flat top surface of thecasing I.
  • Carried at the rear end of the casing is a dirt bag or receptacle 6 having detachable connection with the exhaust outlet from the fan chamber, the upper end of the bag being supported from the handle I, which is pivotally mounted at its lower end in an up-' right supporting bracket 8, suitably anchored at its base by means of screwsor rivets, to the top surface of the casing l adjacent, its rear end.
  • the handle' mounting is entirely concealed within the rear end
  • portion of the cover 5 which extends to the rear accomplished primarily by a proper distribution of the weight and operating loads, the correct dimensioning of the supporting wheels, and the accurately determinedlocation'for the handle mounting-all without the use or addition of any element or group of elements that might be identified as an adjusting member or part or parts of an adjusting mechanism.
  • Figure 1 is a general view in side elevation of a suction cleaner designed to operate at a su stantially constant nozzle height
  • Figure 2 is a fragmentary bottom. plan view of the cleaner showing the mounting for one o the front supporting wheels;
  • Figure 3 is a diagram illustrating a graphic method for locating the point of attachment of.
  • a torsion spring Ia carried on the pivot pin to and acting to exert a constant pressure upon the handle in a direction to oppose its free movement in a downward direction when released by the operator.
  • a handle retaining or latching means may be included as part of the handle mounting to retain the handle in an upright'or storage position, but this latter device need not be included in the present disclosure as it is incidental to the novel subject matter.
  • the casing is supported upon wheels, namely, a pair of front wheels '9, 9 and a pair of rear wheels, III, III.
  • the rear wheels comprise a rather common type of caster mounting including a bracket I I suitably fixed to r the underside of the cleaner casing and forming a support for a shaft I2, on the opposite ends of which are journalled the two rearwheels III,
  • the rear wheels are of standard size-that is, approximately 1% inches in diameter and say of an inch inwldth measuredcrosswise of their tread surfaces.
  • the front wheels 9, 9 are located immediately 5 behind the nozzle chamber and well outwardly toward the ends thereof, it being understood that there would be a wheel 9 corresponding to that shown in Figure 2 on .theopposite side of the cleaner casing, had it been'considered necessary to complete the bottom view.
  • substantially uniform nozzle height may be defined as a condition approaching uniformity of nozzle height regardless of the kind, texture or characteristics of the particular carpet to be cleaned, but yet Q closely woven and shorter piled carpet.
  • constant nozzle height has reference also to that best suited to the particular carpet to be cleaned, rather than to the maintenance of a fixed nozzle height irrespective of carpet characteristics.
  • the ability of a wheel to resist penetration or sinking into the pile of a carpet is a function of the area of its tread surface in contact with the carpet and this area is dependent primarily upon the width of the tread surface and secondarily upon the wheel diameter
  • this secondary effect is coupled with the bodily rocking movement of the cleaner about its imaginary turning axis, lying either within or without the body of the cleaner, and introduces a compensating effect in the nature of an added or increased elevation or tilting of'the nozzle upwardly and in an amount substantially equal to the distance the nozzle is lowered due to the penetration of the front wheels, and which incidentally, cannot be avoided in practice.
  • the result of this secondary tilting movement of the cleaner about the front wheels is to compensate for the depression of the nozzle due to the un- 1 one that is correct for effectively cleaning that particular carpet; be itslightly higher or lower than the height of the plane of the suction mouth above the plane established by the contact points of the wheels.
  • the nozzle height shall not vary appreciably relative to the surface covering, theoretically front wheels of sufficient surface-contacting area would accomplish this result but all practical wheels will. sink into the covering a certain amount, that amount depending upon the characteristics of the covering.
  • the rear wheels penetrate or sink ,to a still greater depth in the covering in order that the machine can be tilted about the axis of the front wheels to effect a raising of the nozzle to a degree sufllcient to offset the aforementioned lowering thereof caused by the front wheel penetration.
  • the force is exerted downwardly along the handle and a portion of this force (the hori zontal component) acts to overcome the resistof the carpet regardless of the texture or thickance to the movement of the cleaner over the the force of gravity and thus depress the rear end of the cleaner casing.
  • the stability of the cleaner to be taken into consideration, both in its static condition and in operation.
  • the handle should not be mounted so 'far rearwardly as'to create a tendency for the cleaner body to tilt backwardly on its rear wheels when the handle is in any position. other than its upright storage position.
  • the'handle pivot should not be so located that when the cleaner reaches the end of the forward stroke and its direction of movement reversed, there will be a definite tendency for the front end of the cleaner to be lifted from the carpet surface. This tendency is more pronounced when a sudden jerking movement occurs at the commencement of the return stroke, in which case it is preferred that the rear end of the cleaner be lifted rather than the front or nozzle end and for the obvious reason that the lifting of the front end of the cleaner means the breaking of the seal between the nozzle and the carpet surface and a consequent temporary loss of cleaning effectiveness.
  • the handle should be mounted at a point such that forces exerted through the handle in the movement of the 'cleaner over the carpet surface will be least noticeable in the performance of the cleaner and more especially, will interfere least with the distribution of the operating load between the front and rear wheels and the travel of the front wheels over the carpet will be accompanied by a minimum as wellas a uniform depth of penetration of the pile.
  • the handle should be so mounted that the force exerted through the handle will be rendered as ineffective as possible under all conditions of operation.
  • the location of the pivot point of the handle can be accurately determined by a method which would ordinarily be performed on the drawing board and preferably after a model has been constructed for test purposes. This method will now be briefly described as follows: First, having laid out the cleaner on paper to full scale, asshown in Figure 3, its true center of mass, as determined from the actual model, is found to lie approximately midway between the front and rear wheels.
  • the dead weight or the static load would be represented graphically by a vertical line L passing through the center of mass.
  • this force may be treated as an additional vertical load S applied at the center of the nozzle and, with this load added to the static load the resultant of these combined loads may be represented by a vertical line L2 located slightly forward of the static load line L1 and passing through an imaginary transverse axis about which the various forces acting upon the cleaner in operation would be in equilibrium, but excluding the forces exerted through the handle.
  • the next step is to locate the resultant of the forces which combine to resist the movement of the cleaner in a forward and rearward direction.
  • These forces consist of the wheel fricassayed the handle in maneuvering the cleaner over the carpet surface would be exerted.
  • the mean angle of inclination of the handle is 45 although actually the inclination of the handle would vary somewhere between 55 and 35 to the horizontal.
  • the handle is fixed to the body of the cleaner at an angle of 45, and further that this imaginary and theotion, resistance offered by the carpet nap, friction of contact between the nozzle and the carpet, the suction seal between the nozzle and the carpet, and finally, the contact between the rotative agitator and the carpet as it is held against the suction mouth.
  • the direction of rotation of the agitator is such as to aid the movement of the cleaner in a forward direction I and to oppose its movement in a backward direction.
  • the resultant of these forces opposing the forward movement of the cleaner may be represented as acting in a rearward direction and along a horizontal line R spaced 9. short distance-above the center ofthe front wheel axis. it being understood that the location as well as the value of this resultant has previously been measured and determined by test.
  • the resultant of all forces opposing the movement of the cleaner in a rearward direction is represented by a horizontal line R which is located approximately half-way between the floor level and the front wheel axis, it being understood that it is the reversal of direction of the forces exerted through the handle during the forward and backward strokes of the cleaner that is responsible for the vertical spacing as well as in the difference inthe value of these resultants.
  • the resultant R represents mum resistance to forward movement of a. cleaner under the extreme conditions and R? represents the conditions of least resistance to movement of the cleaner in a rearward direction.
  • the next step is to locate on the diagram 1; band or strip within which would lie 9.
  • theoretic line along which the forces applied through retic line of force will pass through the body of the cleaner and intersect the floor line rearwardiy of the point of contact of the front wheels in order that the turning moment of forces exerted along this imaginary line will not create a tendency for the cleaner to tilt forwardly during its forward movement or to tilt backwardly during the return stroke and resulting, as pointed out earlier in this discussion, in undue wear on the carpet on the one hand and the loss of cleaning efi'ectiveness on the other.
  • the forces exerted through the handle should be so applied as to produce a. effect upon the maneuverability of the cleaner by bringing about a condition such that the front supporting wheels are relieved so far as possible of all variations in operating load, since after all the front wheels are the members which gauge the height of the nozzle.
  • the ultimate purpose of the present cleaner design is to approach as closely as practically possible a condition in which the height of the nozzle can be maintained substantially uniform by minimizing the undesirable efiects produced by having to exert forces through a handle in order to maneuver the cleaner.
  • the first step in locating the imaginary band or zone is to draw a line F through the point of intersection of the vertical resultant L and the horizontal resultant R at an angle of e5 and another parallel line F through the intersection of the same vertical resultant L and the second horizontal resultant R And so, having located this imaginary zone on the diagram ( Figure 3) by theinclined parallel lines F1 and F2, it is assumed that the handle force must be exerted along a line falling withinv this zone if a proper nozzle height is to be maintained during both forward and rearward strokes. This can be demonstrated from the diarespectively, would be zero in each case, providing the cleaner ismoving at a uniform speed in both directions and assuming further that the propelling force s applied wholly in a horizontal direction.
  • the handle is to be attached to the cleaner somewhere within this inclined band" or strip and the next step is to locate the point of connection of the handle lengthwise of this band.
  • the vertical location 'of the point of attachment of the handle is not difiicult when it is pointed out that the handle swings in a certain arc and that by locating the pivot point of the handle over the rear wheels, the variation in the load carried by the front wheels by reason 'of the varying angular application of the handle force is reduced to a minimum.
  • a cleaner designed in accordance with the present disclosure to be self-adjusting as to nozzle height to the particular carpet or rug being cleaned has definite merit in that it does not require the use of any adjusting mechanism or the addition of a single auxiliary part in order to obtain the desired result.
  • the advantageous self-adjusting nozzle height feature may be said to be built into the cleaner and hence inherent in its design, rather than by the incorporation into or the addition to the cleaner structure of some adjusting mechanism intended to respond to different types and kinds of carpet and, by acting upon adjustable supporting members, to raise or lower the nozzle to meet 5 different carpet conditions.
  • a suction cleaner designed to insure substantially uniform nozzle height regardless of the character of the carpet being cleaned, comprising a body having a nozzle at its forward end and front and rear supporting wheels, said front wheels having a tread surface area substantially greater than that of the rear wheels and capable of supporting the forward portion of the cleaner with limited penetration of the surface of the floor covering being cleaned, and a handle attached to said body at a point located above the rear wheelsand along the line of force exerted 40 through said handle in its mean position of inclination of approximately during cleaner operation which line passes between the intersections of the resultant of the suction and static 45 lines of direction of the resultants of forces opposing forward and rearward movement, respectively. of the cleaner in operation.
  • a suction cleaner designed to insure substantially uniform nozzle height regardless of the character of the carpet being cleaned, comprising a body having a nozzle at its forwardend and front and rear supporting wheels, said front wheels having a tread surface area substantially greater than that of the rear wheels and capable of supporting their portion of the operating load with only a relatively limited penetration into the surface of the floor covering, and a handle mounted on said body at a point located substantially directly above the rear wheels and on a line representing the direction of forces exerted through said handle in its mean operating tally spaced lines of direction of the static load,
  • a suction cleaner comprising a body hav ing a nozzle and front and rear supporting wheels joumalled on fixed bearings mounted on the un- 1 derside of said body, the front wheels being offset from said nozzle and having tread surfaces of an area capable of supporting the operating load with relatively limited penetration of the carpet nap and the said rear wheels having treadsurfaces of a width capable of supporting the load with correspondingly greater depth of penetration, the ratio between the areas of the tread surfaces of said front and rear wheels being pre-- determined to permit the tilting of the cleaner body about said front wheels and in a direction and amount calculated to compensate for the depth of penetration of said front wheels: into the carpet and thus maintain said nozzle at a substantially uniform height regardless of the character or texture of the carpet, and a handle attached to said body at a point substantially directly above the axis of the rear wheels, as described, and which lies on an imaginary line inclined at approximately 45 and which intersects the plane of a supporting surface immediately rearward of said front wheels.
  • a suction cleaner comprising a 'body having a nozzle and front and rear supporting wheels Journalled on fixed bearings mounted on the underside of said body, the front wheels being offset from said nozzle and having tread surfaces of an area capable of supporting the operating load with relatively limited penetration of the carpet nap and the said rear wheels having tread surfaces of a width capable of supporting the load with correspondingly greater depth of penetration, the ratio between the areas of the tread surfaces of said front and rear wheels being predetermined to permit the tiltingof the cleaner body about said front wheels and in a direction and amount calculated to compensate for the depth of penetration of said front wheels into the carpet and thus maintain said nozzle at a horizontal lines representing the resultants of the resistance forces acting during the forward and backward strokes respectively of the cleaner,
  • a suction cleaner designed to insure a substantially uniform nozzle height regardless of the character of the carpet being cleaned, comprising a body having a nozzle .at' its forward end, front and rear supporting wheels, said front wheels having relatively large diameters and wide tread surfaces calculated to support the forward endgof the cleaner under its normal operating load with a minimum 'of penetration of the carpet nap, and a handle pivotally mounted and a relatively narrow vertical band including the axis of the rear wheels.
  • a suction cleaner designed to insure substantially the correct nozzle height for the particular fioor covering being cleaned, comprising a body having a nozzle at its forward end and front and rear supporting wheels fixed in positionrelative to said body in cleaner operation, the tread surface areas of said front wheels being great.
  • the resultant of the operating loads being positioned rearwardly of and immediately adjacent said front wheels-and a handle mounted on said body at a point located above the rear wheels and in the line of the forces exerted through the handle in its mean rearwardly inclined operating position of approx! imately 45 degrees and intersecting the lines of direction of the resultants of the, horizontal forces opposing the movement of said body during cleaner operation in either direction at points positioned immediately rearwardly of the axis of the front wheels.
  • a suction cleaner designed to insure substantially the correct nozzle height for the particular floor covering being cleaned, comprising a body having a nozzle at its forward end and front and rear supporting wheels fixed in position relative to said body in cleaner operation,'the tread surface areas of said front wheels being sufliciently great to carry the normal operating loads with but relatively limited sinking of said wheels into the surface of the floor covering, the resultant of the operating loads being positioned rearwardly of and immediately adjacent said front wheels, and a handle pivotally mounted on said body above the rear wheels and in a line passing through the body at the mean handle angle of approximately 45 degrees and intersecting the imaginary direction line of the resultant ,of the horizontal forces opposing the movement of the cleaner inoperation in a forward direction at a point immediately rearwardly of the sitioned rearwardly of the center of mass and having a lesser surface-contacting area than said front wheels, the surface-contacting areas of said front and rear wheels bearing a ratio such that said rear wheels sink into a supporting covering sufficiently to tilt said body about the front wheels to raise said nozzle in
  • V 10 The structure defined by the preceding claim characterized in that a pivoted handle is connected to said body at a point such that with said handle in a 45 position the axial handle propelling force is proportioned between said front and rear wheels in the same proportion as the other vertical operating loads.
  • a body including a nozzle, front and rear supporting wheels rotatably mounted on axes fixedly carried by said'.
  • A, suction cleaner comprising a body having a nozzle at its forward end and supporting wheels joumalled on fixed bearings adjacent its front and rear ends, said front wheels having a combined tread surface area greater than the rear wheel tread surface, the ratio of said surface areas in contact with the carpet being substantially proportional to the relative resistance of said wheels to depression into the pile of the carpet being cleaned and thereby maintaining said nozzle at a substantially uniform height regardless of the kind and character of the carpet being cleaned.
  • a suction cleaner comprising 'a body having a nozzle and front and rear supporting wheels journalled on fixed bearings mounted on nected to said body during cleaner operation and.
  • said first supporting means being positioned at one side of said surface-contacting means and having a surfacecontacting area capable of supporting the operating load carried thereby withonly slight penetration of the pile of a supporting covering undergoing cleaning
  • said second supporting means being positioned upon the same side of said surface-contacting means as said first supporting means but at a greater distance therefrom, said second supporting means having a lesser surfacecontacting area and adapted to support the operating load carried thereby with greater penetration of the: pile of the surface covering undergoing cleaning
  • the ratio between the surfacecontacting areas of said first and second supporting means being such that the penetration of the second supporting means into a supporting surface is sufiiciently greater than the penetration of the first supporting means as to effect a tilting of the cleaner body about said first supporting means for the purpose of compensating for the lowering of the surface-contacting means effected by the penetration of the first support face covering undergoing cleaning, said result ing the load with correspondingly greater depth of penetration, the ratio between the areas of the tread surfaces of said front and rear wheels being predetermined to permit the tilting of the
  • a suction cleaner comprising a body inbeing effected by providing front supporting means having an area which supports their part of the operating load with slight surface covering-penetration and by providing rear supporting means of lesser-area adapted to penetrate a surface covering to a greater extent under their part of the operating load, and by positioning the centers of said supporting means at'distances from the center line of said nozzle which distances are in substantially the same ratio as the distances of penetration of said supporting means in a surface covering undergoing cleaning under the operating loads carried thereby.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Nozzles For Electric Vacuum Cleaners (AREA)
  • Electric Suction Cleaners (AREA)
US220917A 1938-02-19 1938-07-23 Suction cleaner Expired - Lifetime US2267764A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB214592X 1938-02-19

Publications (1)

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US2267764A true US2267764A (en) 1941-12-30

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ID=10163283

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US220917A Expired - Lifetime US2267764A (en) 1938-02-19 1938-07-23 Suction cleaner

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US (1) US2267764A (xx)
BE (2) BE432738A (xx)
CH (2) CH214592A (xx)
DE (2) DE757419C (xx)
FR (2) FR851681A (xx)
GB (2) GB511532A (xx)
NL (1) NL65001C (xx)

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2485363A (en) * 1944-08-02 1949-10-18 Eureka Williams Corp Nozzle height adjustment arrangement for suction cleaners
US2526419A (en) * 1945-06-16 1950-10-17 Gen Motors Corp Brush adjusting system
WO2000044272A1 (en) * 1999-01-29 2000-08-03 Fantom Technologies Inc. Upright vacuum cleaner
US6334234B1 (en) 1999-01-08 2002-01-01 Fantom Technologies Inc. Cleaner head for a vacuum cleaner
US6740144B2 (en) 1999-01-08 2004-05-25 Fantom Technologies Inc. Vacuum cleaner utilizing electrostatic filtration and electrostatic precipitator for use therein
US6782585B1 (en) 1999-01-08 2004-08-31 Fantom Technologies Inc. Upright vacuum cleaner with cyclonic air flow

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR20010035934A (ko) * 1999-10-05 2001-05-07 배길성 업라이트형 진공청소기

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2099172A (en) * 1933-06-30 1937-11-16 Apex Electrical Mfg Co Suction sweeper
US2071614A (en) * 1936-06-03 1937-02-23 Eureka Vacuum Cleaner Co Vacuum cleaner construction
GB470731A (en) * 1936-10-28 1937-08-20 Electrolux Ab Improvements in or relating to vacuum cleaners

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2485363A (en) * 1944-08-02 1949-10-18 Eureka Williams Corp Nozzle height adjustment arrangement for suction cleaners
US2526419A (en) * 1945-06-16 1950-10-17 Gen Motors Corp Brush adjusting system
US6334234B1 (en) 1999-01-08 2002-01-01 Fantom Technologies Inc. Cleaner head for a vacuum cleaner
US6740144B2 (en) 1999-01-08 2004-05-25 Fantom Technologies Inc. Vacuum cleaner utilizing electrostatic filtration and electrostatic precipitator for use therein
US6782585B1 (en) 1999-01-08 2004-08-31 Fantom Technologies Inc. Upright vacuum cleaner with cyclonic air flow
US20050028675A1 (en) * 1999-01-08 2005-02-10 Fantom Technologies Inc. Vacuum cleaner
US20050177974A1 (en) * 1999-01-08 2005-08-18 Fantom Technologies Inc. Vacuum cleaner having two cyclonic cleaning stages
US7179314B2 (en) 1999-01-08 2007-02-20 Polar Light Limited Vacuum cleaner
WO2000044272A1 (en) * 1999-01-29 2000-08-03 Fantom Technologies Inc. Upright vacuum cleaner

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CH214592A (fr) 1941-05-15
GB511532A (en) 1939-08-21
DE925542C (de) 1955-03-24
BE432738A (xx)
CH214882A (fr) 1941-05-31
BE432737A (xx)
NL65001C (xx)
GB511583A (en) 1939-08-21
FR851680A (fr) 1940-01-12
FR851681A (fr) 1940-01-12
DE757419C (de) 1953-02-23

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