US2267501A - Automatic firearm - Google Patents

Automatic firearm Download PDF

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Publication number
US2267501A
US2267501A US283260A US28326039A US2267501A US 2267501 A US2267501 A US 2267501A US 283260 A US283260 A US 283260A US 28326039 A US28326039 A US 28326039A US 2267501 A US2267501 A US 2267501A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
breech
block
carrier
breech block
movement
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US283260A
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English (en)
Inventor
Holek Vaclav
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Ceskoslovenska Zbrojovka A S
Ceskoslovenska Zbrojovka As
Original Assignee
Ceskoslovenska Zbrojovka As
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Ceskoslovenska Zbrojovka As filed Critical Ceskoslovenska Zbrojovka As
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US2267501A publication Critical patent/US2267501A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41A—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS COMMON TO BOTH SMALLARMS AND ORDNANCE, e.g. CANNONS; MOUNTINGS FOR SMALLARMS OR ORDNANCE
    • F41A3/00—Breech mechanisms, e.g. locks
    • F41A3/12—Bolt action, i.e. the main breech opening movement being parallel to the barrel axis
    • F41A3/14—Rigid bolt locks, i.e. having locking elements rigidly mounted on the bolt or bolt handle and on the barrel or breech-housing respectively
    • F41A3/16—Rigid bolt locks, i.e. having locking elements rigidly mounted on the bolt or bolt handle and on the barrel or breech-housing respectively the locking elements effecting a rotary movement about the barrel axis, e.g. rotating cylinder bolt locks
    • F41A3/26—Rigid bolt locks, i.e. having locking elements rigidly mounted on the bolt or bolt handle and on the barrel or breech-housing respectively the locking elements effecting a rotary movement about the barrel axis, e.g. rotating cylinder bolt locks semi-automatically or automatically operated, e.g. having a slidable bolt-carrier and a rotatable bolt
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41A—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS COMMON TO BOTH SMALLARMS AND ORDNANCE, e.g. CANNONS; MOUNTINGS FOR SMALLARMS OR ORDNANCE
    • F41A19/00—Firing or trigger mechanisms; Cocking mechanisms
    • F41A19/06—Mechanical firing mechanisms, e.g. counterrecoil firing, recoil actuated firing mechanisms
    • F41A19/25—Mechanical firing mechanisms, e.g. counterrecoil firing, recoil actuated firing mechanisms having only slidably-mounted striker elements, i.e. percussion or firing pins
    • F41A19/27—Mechanical firing mechanisms, e.g. counterrecoil firing, recoil actuated firing mechanisms having only slidably-mounted striker elements, i.e. percussion or firing pins the percussion or firing pin being movable relative to the breech-block
    • F41A19/29—Mechanical firing mechanisms, e.g. counterrecoil firing, recoil actuated firing mechanisms having only slidably-mounted striker elements, i.e. percussion or firing pins the percussion or firing pin being movable relative to the breech-block propelled by a spring under tension
    • F41A19/30—Mechanical firing mechanisms, e.g. counterrecoil firing, recoil actuated firing mechanisms having only slidably-mounted striker elements, i.e. percussion or firing pins the percussion or firing pin being movable relative to the breech-block propelled by a spring under tension in bolt-action guns
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41A—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS COMMON TO BOTH SMALLARMS AND ORDNANCE, e.g. CANNONS; MOUNTINGS FOR SMALLARMS OR ORDNANCE
    • F41A3/00—Breech mechanisms, e.g. locks
    • F41A3/12—Bolt action, i.e. the main breech opening movement being parallel to the barrel axis
    • F41A3/14—Rigid bolt locks, i.e. having locking elements rigidly mounted on the bolt or bolt handle and on the barrel or breech-housing respectively
    • F41A3/32—Rigid bolt locks, i.e. having locking elements rigidly mounted on the bolt or bolt handle and on the barrel or breech-housing respectively the bolt being rocked about a notional axis transverse to the barrel axis
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41A—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS COMMON TO BOTH SMALLARMS AND ORDNANCE, e.g. CANNONS; MOUNTINGS FOR SMALLARMS OR ORDNANCE
    • F41A3/00—Breech mechanisms, e.g. locks
    • F41A3/64—Mounting of breech-blocks; Accessories for breech-blocks or breech-block mountings
    • F41A3/78—Bolt buffer or recuperator means
    • F41A3/82—Coil spring buffers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41A—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS COMMON TO BOTH SMALLARMS AND ORDNANCE, e.g. CANNONS; MOUNTINGS FOR SMALLARMS OR ORDNANCE
    • F41A5/00—Mechanisms or systems operated by propellant charge energy for automatically opening the lock
    • F41A5/18—Mechanisms or systems operated by propellant charge energy for automatically opening the lock gas-operated

Definitions

  • the present invention relates toran automatic firearm of the kind comprising a breech block the movements of which are controlled by a breech-block carrier.
  • a breech-block carrier In the case of firearms of this kind, there is a danger that, in the case of a too sudden forward movement of the breechblock carrier, the breech-block will rebound on striking the end wall of the barrel and the firing of the gun will take place with the breech block prematurely unlocked, or that the propelling spring will be fatigued and the forward movement of the breech-block carrier will be gradual, so that premature firing can take place with the breech-block unlocked.
  • These two defects resuit in stoppagea e. g., breaking of the cartridge and, consequently, the rendering of the firearm inoperative for a long time.
  • the chief object of the present invention is the construction of a firearm which is' safe and wherein the aforesaid defects cannot occur.
  • a device in which there is stored up, during the recoil movement of the breech-block carrier, energy, which, on the locking movement of the breech block during the forward movement of the carrier, is released in such a manner that it effects an accelerated movement of the carrier, in the direction of the forward movement, in relation to the locked breech block.
  • Figure 1 is a. longitudinal vertical section of an automatic firearm according to the invention, the said firearm having a tiltable breech-block which is shown locked at the instant of firing,
  • Figure 2 is a fragmentary longitudinal vertical section, on a larger scale, the breech block being shown in its opening movement
  • Figure 3 is a similar view to Figure 2 but showing the breech block at the commencement of the locking movement thereof, and
  • Figure 4 is a fragmentary longitudinal vertical section showing a. modification.
  • I denotes the barrel which is rigidly connected to a casing 2 inside which there moves the breech mechanism which comprises a breech-block carrier 3 and a breech block proper 5 provided with a sprung firing pin 2l.
  • the recoil of the breech-block carrier in conjunction with the breech block is, in the example shown in Figures 1 to v3, derived from the pressure of the propellant gases which pass from the barrel I and through a passage 6 into a. gas tube I in which there moves a piston 4 which is connected with the breech-block carrier 3 by means of a piston rod.
  • the breech-block carrier 3 is, on its upper side, provided with two projections l.
  • breech-block carrier 3 On the under side of the breech-block carrier 3, there is provided a tooth I0 which co-operates with a trigger Il of trigger mechanism of known construction which is arranged in the casing 2.
  • the breech block 5 is provided, on its sides, with lugs I3 having curved guiding surfaces which rest on pins I4, arranged on the walls of the casing 2, and effect the tilting of the breech block 5.
  • the forward movement of the breech-block carrier 3 is produced by a propelling spring l5 which is fitted on a guide rod IB.
  • the device which stores up energy at the commencement of the recoil of the carrier 3 and releases it again in the forward movement on the unlocking of the breech block.
  • the device consists of two springs I1 which are arranged symmetrically on the two sides of the projection 8 or of the projection 9 and which are fitted on 'guide rods I8 which bear, with their rounded heads I9, against curved surfaces of projections on the breech block 5.
  • the breech device is located in the position shown in Figure A1, in which the breech block, which is supported by the projection 9 of the carrier 3,'bears with a rear bevelled face 22 thereof against a supporting face 23 on the casing 2.
  • the explosive gases begin to act on the piston 4 so that the said piston begins to move back with the lcarrier 3.
  • the carrier 3 unlocks the breech block 5 owing to the action of the projection 8, the carrier 3 performing a definite movement in relation to the breech block 5 during unlocking.
  • the breech mechanism After the recoil, during which the empty cartridge is ejected, has been carried out, the breech mechanism carries out the forward movement owing to the force of the compressed propelling spring I5. As soon as the mechanism comes into the position'illustrated in Figure 3, the pins I4, owing to the action of the curved lugs I3, lift the breech block 5 so that the edge 24 comes out of engagement with the surface of the vertical wall 25, with the result that the relatively rigid connection of the breech block 5 with the carrier is severed and the breech-block carrier 3 carries out an accelerated movement in relation to the breech block on account of the action of the compressed springs I1. When this is being done,
  • the edge 24 slides on an oblique face of the projection 9 and, owing to the accelerated forward movement, the lockingof the breech block 5 is completed by the action of the projection 9.
  • the locked breech block is supported by the projection 9 of the carrier and, at the end of the forward movement, the end face of the projection 8 strikes the firing pin 2l, the firing of the cartridge is effected and the operation is repeated.
  • the breech block 5 is in the form of a cylindricaI body which is rotatably and displaceably mounted in the breech-block carrier 3 and is provided, on the side which faces the cartridge chamber, with locking lugs 26 which co-operate, in known manner, with grooves in the casing 2.
  • a spring I1 which forms a resilient element,between the breech block 5 and the breech-block carrier.
  • the breech block carrier After firing, thebreech block carrier, after travelling through a short distance, which corresponde to the length of the longitudinal part of the groove 29, begins to rotate the breech block into the unlocked position under the action of the curved part of the groove 29. From the commencement of the recoil and also during this unlocking movement, the propelling spring I5 is tensioned on the one hand and the spring I1, in which energy is thus stored up, is tensioned on the other hand; this energy is released on the completion of the forward movement. Owing to. the turning of the breech block 5, the locking lugs 26 come out of engagement; in known manner and, after unlocking, the breech block carries out the recoil with the breech-block carrier behind which the propelling spring I5 is compressed.
  • the carrier 3 On the forward movement, the carrier 3 carries the breech block until the locking lugs drop into the grooves in the casing 2. From that moment, the spring I1 begins to act upon the breech-block carrier 3 and the spring I5, so that the carrier performs an accelerated movement in relation to the breech block, during which movement the locking of the breech block is accelerated considerably. As soon as the breech block is locked and the projection 28 has travelled, together with the tiring pin, through a distance which is equal to the length of the longitudinal part of the groove 29, the firing of the cartridge is eifected'and the operation is repeated.
  • the two embodiments above described are given only by way of example and may be varied in details without departing from the scope of the invention.
  • the number of the springs employed in the device which render possible the movement of the carrier in relation to the breech block, or the kind of iirearm ernployed, such as, for example, firearms with a sliding barrel and the like, is immaterial.
  • An automatic firearm comprising a barrel, a casing fixed to said barrel, a breech block reciprocating in said casing, a carrier for said breech block also reciprocating in said casing, recoil responsive means for reciprocating said breech block and said carrier, apertured abutments mounted on said carrier, rods having heads thereon positioned in the apertures of said abutments spring encircling said rods bearing one end aganstsaicl head and at the other end.
  • 'block having a cylindrical body portion and a collar thereon, a carrier for said breech block, recoil responsive means located between said collar and said carrier and recoil responsive means llocated between said casing and said carrier.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Portable Nailing Machines And Staplers (AREA)
  • Toys (AREA)
US283260A 1938-07-13 1939-07-07 Automatic firearm Expired - Lifetime US2267501A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CS211323X 1938-07-13

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US2267501A true US2267501A (en) 1941-12-23

Family

ID=5450716

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US283260A Expired - Lifetime US2267501A (en) 1938-07-13 1939-07-07 Automatic firearm

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US2267501A (de)
BE (1) BE435380A (de)
CH (1) CH211323A (de)
ES (1) ES144793A1 (de)
FR (1) FR857844A (de)
GB (1) GB532129A (de)
NL (1) NL59745C (de)

Cited By (16)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2457835A (en) * 1945-12-05 1949-01-04 Schiff Sigmund Gun bolt
US2515315A (en) * 1943-12-13 1950-07-18 Saive Dieudonne Joseph Tilt locking breechblock for automatic firearms
US2811902A (en) * 1952-01-18 1957-11-05 Paul H Dixon Mechanical bolt unlocking mechanism for recoiling barrel guns
US2821116A (en) * 1952-12-17 1958-01-28 Mach Tool Works Oerlikon Admin Cocking device for automatic firearms
US2983196A (en) * 1947-07-30 1961-05-09 United Shoe Machinery Corp Feeding mechanism for gas piston operated gun
US5913262A (en) * 1997-08-06 1999-06-15 Sommer + Ockenfuss Gmbh Breech for barrel-type firearms
US6276256B1 (en) * 1998-08-14 2001-08-21 Sommer + Ockenfus Gmbh Breechblock for barrel weapons
WO2003067172A1 (fr) * 2002-02-04 2003-08-14 Koursakova, Elena Alexeevna Procede de koursakov de fonctionnement d'automatismes d'armes
WO2004029535A1 (de) * 2002-09-04 2004-04-08 Heckler & Koch Gmbh Verriegelte selbstlade-feuerwaffe
WO2004029534A3 (de) * 2002-09-04 2004-06-03 Heckler & Koch Gmbh Handfeuerwaffe mit verriegeltem verschluss
US20050132875A1 (en) * 2002-09-04 2005-06-23 Johannes Murello Locked automatic and semi-automatic firearms
US20050217473A1 (en) * 2002-09-04 2005-10-06 Johannes Murello Firearms having a locked breech
US20050235543A1 (en) * 2002-04-09 2005-10-27 Johannes Murello Cartridge ejection mechanisms and methods for operating the same
US20050235817A1 (en) * 2002-09-04 2005-10-27 Johannes Murello Firearms with gas pressure loading mechanisms
US20050241471A1 (en) * 2002-09-04 2005-11-03 Johannes Murello Firearms and methods for operating the same
US20160370135A1 (en) * 2015-05-18 2016-12-22 Francis M. Plumb Recoil Impulse Reducing Bolt Carrier Group for Firearms

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2948376B1 (fr) 2009-07-23 2011-11-18 Michelin Soc Tech Objet pneumatique pourvu d'une couche etanche aux gaz a base d'un elastomere thermoplastique et d'une charge lamellaire.

Cited By (18)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2515315A (en) * 1943-12-13 1950-07-18 Saive Dieudonne Joseph Tilt locking breechblock for automatic firearms
US2457835A (en) * 1945-12-05 1949-01-04 Schiff Sigmund Gun bolt
US2983196A (en) * 1947-07-30 1961-05-09 United Shoe Machinery Corp Feeding mechanism for gas piston operated gun
US2811902A (en) * 1952-01-18 1957-11-05 Paul H Dixon Mechanical bolt unlocking mechanism for recoiling barrel guns
US2821116A (en) * 1952-12-17 1958-01-28 Mach Tool Works Oerlikon Admin Cocking device for automatic firearms
US5913262A (en) * 1997-08-06 1999-06-15 Sommer + Ockenfuss Gmbh Breech for barrel-type firearms
US6276256B1 (en) * 1998-08-14 2001-08-21 Sommer + Ockenfus Gmbh Breechblock for barrel weapons
WO2003067172A1 (fr) * 2002-02-04 2003-08-14 Koursakova, Elena Alexeevna Procede de koursakov de fonctionnement d'automatismes d'armes
US20050235543A1 (en) * 2002-04-09 2005-10-27 Johannes Murello Cartridge ejection mechanisms and methods for operating the same
WO2004029534A3 (de) * 2002-09-04 2004-06-03 Heckler & Koch Gmbh Handfeuerwaffe mit verriegeltem verschluss
US20050132875A1 (en) * 2002-09-04 2005-06-23 Johannes Murello Locked automatic and semi-automatic firearms
US20050217473A1 (en) * 2002-09-04 2005-10-06 Johannes Murello Firearms having a locked breech
WO2004029535A1 (de) * 2002-09-04 2004-04-08 Heckler & Koch Gmbh Verriegelte selbstlade-feuerwaffe
US20050235817A1 (en) * 2002-09-04 2005-10-27 Johannes Murello Firearms with gas pressure loading mechanisms
US20050241471A1 (en) * 2002-09-04 2005-11-03 Johannes Murello Firearms and methods for operating the same
US7237469B2 (en) 2002-09-04 2007-07-03 Heckler & Koch, Gmbh Firearms having a locked breech
US7311032B2 (en) 2002-09-04 2007-12-25 Heckler & Koch, Gmbh Firearms with gas pressure loading mechanisms
US20160370135A1 (en) * 2015-05-18 2016-12-22 Francis M. Plumb Recoil Impulse Reducing Bolt Carrier Group for Firearms

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB532129A (en) 1941-01-17
BE435380A (de)
CH211323A (de) 1940-09-15
FR857844A (fr) 1940-10-01
NL59745C (de)
ES144793A1 (es) 1940-01-01

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