US2265359A - Process and apparatus for sealingoff vessels containing gas - Google Patents

Process and apparatus for sealingoff vessels containing gas Download PDF

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Publication number
US2265359A
US2265359A US149077A US14907737A US2265359A US 2265359 A US2265359 A US 2265359A US 149077 A US149077 A US 149077A US 14907737 A US14907737 A US 14907737A US 2265359 A US2265359 A US 2265359A
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United States
Prior art keywords
tube
tools
tool
sealing
gas
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Expired - Lifetime
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US149077A
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English (en)
Inventor
Neumann Mihaly De
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General Electric Co
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General Electric Co
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Filing date
Publication date
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Publication of US2265359A publication Critical patent/US2265359A/en
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B17/00—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by their form
    • H01B17/38—Fittings, e.g. caps; Fastenings therefor
    • H01B17/40—Cementless fittings
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J9/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for the manufacture, installation, removal, maintenance of electric discharge tubes, discharge lamps, or parts thereof; Recovery of material from discharge tubes or lamps
    • H01J9/40—Closing vessels
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S65/00—Glass manufacturing
    • Y10S65/04—Electric heat

Definitions

  • This invention relates to a process and apparatus for sealing ofi .(that is tosay. eflf,ecting the air-tight closure of) vessels which are illled with gas and more particularly to the sealing off of gas-filledv electric incandescent lamps,- or dis: charge tubes, provided with anexhausting'and filling tube made of vitreous material, such as glass, by the sealing oil of which the closure of the bulb of the lamp, or tube is accomplished.
  • the process according'to the present invention is an improvement of those claimed in my previous patents mentioned above (and therefore also relates to the sealing-0d of vessels, which contain gas under pressure, greater than that of the atmosphere), and eliminates all the difficulties mentioned above by using, for the sealing ofi of the exhausting tube, a highly heated tool (1. e.
  • this bi-partite or multi-partite tool is allowed to cool down while in its contracted condition, that is to say, while it still remains in contact with the exhausting tube which it has already closed, cooling being continued until the tube is sufllciently hard not "preferably made resilient and/or is pressed to blow when the tool is opened.
  • the tool is against the exhausting tube elastically, for exampleby means of springs, by compressed air orby other equivalent means.
  • the exhausting tube is pre heated before the tool is brought into con tact with it.
  • the tool itself may conveniently be heated either by passing an electric current through it or by means of heaters located on or in it or, either in place of or in addition to such methods of heating, it may be heated by means of a gas flame.
  • the conjoint cooling of the tool and of the vitreous tube may, if necessary, be accelerated by means of a current of air or otherwise.
  • the tube is connected by meansof the connecting-piece Z, made of rubber, to the-gas-supply-tube W,this supply tube being connected to the gas-mains (not shown) supplying the gas, for example a mixture of argon and nitrogen, at
  • Both these and other tools may advantageously be so shapedfthat they actually ,part or sever the exhausting tubeafter they have pinched its walls together.
  • Tools of a 'shape Q suitable for parting the tube are known from 1 I myprior patents already referred to.
  • Fig.1 shows the pre-heating of the tube oi an electric lamp,'and Fig. ia-is an elevation showing the pinching tools and actuating mechanism therefor. 1
  • Fig. 2 shows the beginning of the sealing-off process ,of the same tube.
  • Fig. 3 illustrates the manner of pinching and .of deforming the tool.
  • Fig. 4 shows the sealed-off drawn tool.
  • Fig. 5 is a side view of a tool of modified shape.
  • FIG. 7 Illustrates diagrammatically, in a plan 'view sketch, the process of producing, with the process according to my invention, gas-filled electric incandescent lamps on automatic machines.
  • Fig. 1 of the drawings shows, in a diagrammatitherefore filled with gas of superatmospheric pressure,- the gas flames of the gas burners m and 11 newly allowed to heat the tube I to a temperature below the softening point of the cleamess, the lamp bulb X with its stem Y, the
  • the bipartite tool shown in this figure consists of two comparatively'thin U-shaped plates 2 and 3. of chromium nickel alloy whichhby means of jaws 2a, 2b and 3a, 3b, which embracetheir respective ends, can be pressed elastically to the tube.
  • springs, pneumatic cushions or the like are connected between the jaws and the positively driven means which move the laws in the direction of the arrows 8 and 9 to compress the tube, and in the opposite directions to release the sealed tube.
  • the two half tools are heated by means of electric, preferably alternating, current fed to them through the said jaws from a suitable source, such as a transformer I: (Fig. 1a), by means of leads ll connected to each of said jaws.
  • a suitable source such as a transformer I: (Fig. 1a)
  • the jaws are movable to and from each other, and are mounted on a pressure device containing the means mentioned above, and actuated by the automatic machine, this device of any suitable design not being shown in the drawings.
  • the said pressure device may be pneumatic in itself or may comprise springs or the like arranged between its positively driven members and the jaws themselves, so that the tool elements are pressed resiliently against the tube I.
  • the tube will be, in the next stage of the process, wherein the half-tools 2 and 3 are pressed-against the tube, wholly or partially heated to softening temperature by direct transmission of heat from the .tool elements which, during the pinching operation, are at a bright red heat and finally, when the glass becomes soft enough, the inner walls of the tube are simultaneously squeezed together until they weld up with each other.
  • the tool elements are drawn apart as shown in Fig. 4, and thereafter, by suitably moving their jaws, are brought to their original shape and positions.
  • the lower end of the tube is usually broken off upon drawing the tools apart, or can be broken off later, the bore lb being in both cases preferably previously shut off from the source of filling gas.
  • each tool can be heated by means of gas flames emanating from the gas burners m and 11 shown in Fig. 1.
  • gas burners m and 11 shown in Fig. 1 it is preferable to use thin sheet metal tools of this kind which have suflicient inherent elasticity just to press the walls of the glass tube together after the tube has softened but not to break the tube.
  • the breaking off of the lower end of the tube need not entail a separate operation if the toollll shown in Fig. is used; in this tool the sharp edge llic cuts the tube in two after it has been sealed off.
  • Fig. la illustrates one form of mechanism which may be employed to actuate the tools 2 and 3.
  • the lower tool jaws 2b and 3b comprise portions of conventional pivotally mounted clamping jaws H and I! which are opened and closed by'links I and I1.
  • the upper jaws 2a and 3a are pivotally mounted on, and electrically'insulated from, the said clamping jaws l4 and I5 and are actuated through links l8, and I9 to compress the tool parts 2 and 3 in the manner shown in Fig. 3.
  • FIG. 6 A dia-' grammatic plan of such an arrangement is shown in Fig. 6.
  • the toolelements in this case are approximately of Z-shape and they are moved in the direction of the arrows 8 and 9 for compressing the tube i.
  • FIG. 7 shows how the auxiliary automatic machine 13 takes over the sealed-oi! lamp from the sealing-oi! position of rest no! the known automatic machine A upon which the incandescent lamps are produced.
  • the tube cools down, together with the tool, at the position of rest 12 of the auxiliary automatic machine and is lifted oil at the position of rest 0 thereof after the drawing apart of the tool elements, which are brought back to their original condition again, either simultaneously or in the next position of rest of the auxiliary machine 13.
  • the tools can be coated with graphite suspension, preheated etc.
  • auxiliary machine B which is positively driven by the motion work of the main automatic machine A. It is preferable that the directions of rotation of the main and auxiliary machines be opposite (as indicated by arrows II and I! in Fig. 7);
  • the process according to thisinvention may however also be carried out on a single automatic machine adapted for this purpose.
  • An automatic machine of this kind is preferably so constructed that a sealing-off device suitable for carrying out the process of the invention is allotted to each individual one of its positions of rest.
  • the advantage of this is that the several sealing-off tools actually come into action at much longer intervals of time than they do in the above described arrangement employing auxiliary automatic machines.
  • the consequences of this are, on the one hand, that it is not necessary to change the tools so frequently and, on the other hand (as more time is available), that it is not compulsory in maintaining the requisite speed of working, to carry out the heating up and/or cooling down of the tools in a manner which will have a detrimental effect on the structure of the material of which they are made.
  • group of steps consists in placing a vessel with its tube between relatively movable and compressible resilient contact elements, heating said elements to a bright red heat, moving said elements into contact with a selected area of the tube intermediate the ends thereof whereby heat flows to said area from said elements by conduction, maintaining said elements in said heated condition and in contact'with said area until said area becomes sufliciently plastic to be compressed without breaking, resiliently pressing said elements against said area as it is being softened tocompress said area to close and seal said tube at said area, thereafter cooling the'closed tube and said resilient contact heating elements while still in contact with said closed tube, and after said tube is sufllciently resistant to withstand being blown out by the interior gas pressure,
  • said sheet metal plates being positioned with their convex curved ends in opposed relationship so as to be capable of being pressed with said convex curved endsagainst said tubes, means for heating said sheet metal plates to at least bright red heat, and means connected to said pairs of jaws ior periodically moving said U-shaped plates into and out of contact with said tubes.
  • each of said pairs of laws holding the ends oi one sheet metal strip bent into U-shape
  • means connected to said pairs of jaws and adapted to movethem conjointly toward and away from each other means connected with at least one jaw of each pair 01. jaws for moving it'relatively to the other jaw of the same said pair of jaws, and means for heating said sheet metal strips to at least bright red temperature when placed against said tubes.
  • said tubes exclusively by conduction, means for moving said tools into and out of contact with said tubes, means for heating ,said'tools to at least bright-red heat, and means provided on part of said tools adapting the same to cut the closed tubes into two parts each upon being Pressed against said tubes at least at a red-hot temperature.
  • each of said tools comprising an elastically deformable metallic part consisting of a strip of sheet metal positioned to contact the tube between the ends of the strip and connected at each end to the said means for moving the heated tools and adapted to be applied at least at bright-red-hot temperature against said tubes to compress said tubes at a rate corresponding to the softening of said tubes.
  • each of said tools comprising an elastically deformable metallic part consisting of a strip of sheet metal positioned to contact the tube between the ends of the strip and connected at each end to the said means for moving the heated tools and adapted to be applied at least at brightred-hot temperature against said tubes to compress said tubes at a rate corresponding to the softening of said tubes.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Manufacture Of Electron Tubes, Discharge Lamp Vessels, Lead-In Wires, And The Like (AREA)
  • Re-Forming, After-Treatment, Cutting And Transporting Of Glass Products (AREA)
US149077A 1936-06-20 1937-06-19 Process and apparatus for sealingoff vessels containing gas Expired - Lifetime US2265359A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
HU491554X 1936-06-20

Publications (1)

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US2265359A true US2265359A (en) 1941-12-09

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US149077A Expired - Lifetime US2265359A (en) 1936-06-20 1937-06-19 Process and apparatus for sealingoff vessels containing gas

Country Status (6)

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US (1) US2265359A (ko)
BE (1) BE421876A (ko)
DE (1) DE690597C (ko)
FR (1) FR823294A (ko)
GB (1) GB491554A (ko)
NL (1) NL53951C (ko)

Cited By (15)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2464765A (en) * 1943-10-22 1949-03-15 F D Palmer Inc Method of sealing ampoules
US2624992A (en) * 1948-11-19 1953-01-13 Ivers Lee Co Package sealing die having resilient facing strip
US2862543A (en) * 1957-02-18 1958-12-02 Stanley J Kaminsky Tool for welding thermo-plastic materials
US2867147A (en) * 1954-09-27 1959-01-06 Olin Mathieson Manufacture of electric blasting caps
US2934860A (en) * 1955-03-01 1960-05-03 Rca Corp Tip-off apparatus for electron tubes
US2956371A (en) * 1957-10-17 1960-10-18 Kimble Glass Co Insulated shear mechanism
US2987106A (en) * 1957-09-04 1961-06-06 Amsco Packaging Machinery Inc Method and machine for forming edge seals on bags
US2997411A (en) * 1956-10-02 1961-08-22 Amp Inc Closed end connector
US3140165A (en) * 1960-03-02 1964-07-07 Patent Treuhand Ges Fuer Elektrische Gluehlampen Mbh Apparatus for tipping off the exhaust apertures of envelopes filled with gas at a presure higher than atmospheric
US3160690A (en) * 1961-08-14 1964-12-08 Owens Illinois Glass Co Method for making plastic articles
US3254980A (en) * 1960-02-08 1966-06-07 Maricq Eugene-Paul Electrothermic machine for welding glass containers, chiefly pharmaceutic phials
US3481725A (en) * 1967-08-17 1969-12-02 Dickinson Becton & Co Marking of clinical thermometers
US4530712A (en) * 1984-03-26 1985-07-23 Kopf J David Pipette puller
CN103700574A (zh) * 2013-12-31 2014-04-02 詹云翔 一种灯泡封口机的托架旋转及限位装置
CN103730308A (zh) * 2013-12-31 2014-04-16 詹云翔 一种灯泡封口机的封口夹具驱动装置

Cited By (18)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2464765A (en) * 1943-10-22 1949-03-15 F D Palmer Inc Method of sealing ampoules
US2624992A (en) * 1948-11-19 1953-01-13 Ivers Lee Co Package sealing die having resilient facing strip
US2867147A (en) * 1954-09-27 1959-01-06 Olin Mathieson Manufacture of electric blasting caps
US2934860A (en) * 1955-03-01 1960-05-03 Rca Corp Tip-off apparatus for electron tubes
US2997411A (en) * 1956-10-02 1961-08-22 Amp Inc Closed end connector
US2862543A (en) * 1957-02-18 1958-12-02 Stanley J Kaminsky Tool for welding thermo-plastic materials
US2987106A (en) * 1957-09-04 1961-06-06 Amsco Packaging Machinery Inc Method and machine for forming edge seals on bags
US2956371A (en) * 1957-10-17 1960-10-18 Kimble Glass Co Insulated shear mechanism
US3254980A (en) * 1960-02-08 1966-06-07 Maricq Eugene-Paul Electrothermic machine for welding glass containers, chiefly pharmaceutic phials
US3140165A (en) * 1960-03-02 1964-07-07 Patent Treuhand Ges Fuer Elektrische Gluehlampen Mbh Apparatus for tipping off the exhaust apertures of envelopes filled with gas at a presure higher than atmospheric
US3160690A (en) * 1961-08-14 1964-12-08 Owens Illinois Glass Co Method for making plastic articles
US3481725A (en) * 1967-08-17 1969-12-02 Dickinson Becton & Co Marking of clinical thermometers
US4530712A (en) * 1984-03-26 1985-07-23 Kopf J David Pipette puller
EP0155986A2 (en) * 1984-03-26 1985-10-02 J. David Kopf Pipette puller
EP0155986A3 (en) * 1984-03-26 1986-10-22 J. David Kopf Pipette puller
CN103700574A (zh) * 2013-12-31 2014-04-02 詹云翔 一种灯泡封口机的托架旋转及限位装置
CN103730308A (zh) * 2013-12-31 2014-04-16 詹云翔 一种灯泡封口机的封口夹具驱动装置
CN103700574B (zh) * 2013-12-31 2016-04-06 詹云翔 一种灯泡封口机的托架旋转及限位装置

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE690597C (de) 1940-04-29
GB491554A (en) 1938-09-05
FR823294A (fr) 1938-01-18
BE421876A (ko)
NL53951C (ko)

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