US2264054A

US2264054A - Method and apparatus for handling tunnel lining forms

Info

Publication number: US2264054A
Application number: US355329A
Authority: US
Inventors: Louis J Sarosdy
Original assignee: Blaw Knox Co
Current assignee: Blaw Knox Co
Priority date: 1940-09-04
Filing date: 1940-09-04
Publication date: 1941-11-25
Anticipated expiration: 1958-11-25

Description

Nov. 25,1941. L. J. SAROSDY 2,264,054

METHOD AND APPARATUSFOR HANDLING TUNNEL LINING FORMS Filed Sept. 4, 1940 4 Sheets-Sheet 1 INYENTOR 01/15 J. Sarosdy Nov. 25, 1941. L'. J. sARosDY 2,264,054

METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR HANDLING TUNNEL LININCT FORMS Filed Sept. 4, 1940] 4 Sheets-Sheet 2 INVENTOR Lou/s JJarosdy Nov. 25, 1941.

L. J. SAROSDY METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR HANDLING TUNNEL LINING FORMS Filed Sept. 4, 1940. 4 Sheets-Sheet :s

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\ INVENTOR 00/15 J Sara Nov. 25, 19.41. L. J. SAROSDY METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR HANDLING TUNNEL LINING FORMS Filed Sept. 4, '1940 M H my. m 4 A Patented Nov. 25, 1941 METHOD AND- APPARATUS FOR HANDLING TUNNEL LINING FORMS Louis J. Sarosdy, Pittsburgh, Pa., assignor to- Blaw-Knox Company, Pittsburgh, Pa., a corporation of 'New Jersey Application- September 4, 1940, SerialNo. 355,329 a Claims. (Cl. -13L6) This invention relates to the manipulation of tunnel lining forms which are made in sections and advanced successively as a tunnel bore is excavated, to form a concrete lining therefor and, in particular, to the handling of lining forms comprising arch and invert sections which are assembled together for the pouring of a predetermined length of the lining and then stripped therefrom and advanced when such length has been sufiiciently cured.

In the handling of the archand invertsections of tunnel linings of the type described, it has heretofore been customary to employ'a cantilever mechanism traveling on one section of lining for stripping the next section of lining therebehind' and moving it therethrough to a position in advance thereof. This type of handling mechanism made it necessary that the form sections be relatively short and made the operation of shifting the forms for a given length of the tun-- nel lining tedious and time-consuming.

I have invented a novel method and apparatus for handling the arch and invert sections of tunnel lining forms which overcome the aforementioned objections and make it possible to place form sections as long as-thirty feet. The use of form units of such length obviously reduces the time required to place the forms for a given length of the tunnel lining. In a preferred embodiment and practice of the invention, I anchor the arch section to the lining poured therearound and suspend the invert section there from on a support traveling along atrack on the arch section. I also provide an extension track in the tunnel bore ahead of the last as sembled arch and invert sections previously placed in position. The extension track is carried ontemporary supports. I also employ a car traveling on tracks in the invert sections for collapsing the arch section to be moved and transporting it through the assembled arch and invert sections remaining in place. A carriage traveling on the lining itself is adapted tosupport the car below an arch section to be strippedand moved, after the invert section previously cooperating with the arch section has been stripped and moved forward.

The following detailed description and explanation of my novel method and apparatus refer to the accompanying drawings illustrating the several stages of the procedure and the preferred form of the apparatus for performing the method.

In the drawings, 7

Fig. l is a longitudinal sectional view through a tunnel wherein a liningis being constructed by the aid of the invention, showing an invert section suspended from its cooperating arch section and ready fortransport through an adjacent assembled archand invert section to a; point ahead of the latter; p

- Fig; 2 is a similar view showing the invert section after it has been transported and placed, and the arch section stripped and ready for movement to its new position;

Fig. 3- is a similar view showing the arch section after transport to its new position andthe extension track and temporary supports after they have been likewise moved forwardly in the bore; r

Fig.- 4 is a similar view showing the assembied arch and invert sectionahead of the last section of the lining previously poured; and ready for thepouring of another section;

Fig. 5 is a sectional View to enlarged scale taken substantiallyalong the plane of line V'V of Fig. 1'; r

Fig. 6 is a transversesectional view taken sub= stantially along the plane of' line VI- VI of Fig. 2; y

Fig. 7 is a transverse sectional view taken substantially along the plane ofline VII-VII of Fig. 1; and

'Fig. 8' is a transverse sectional view taken substantially along the plane of line VIII-VIII of Fig. 3'. w

'Referri-ngnow' in detailto the drawings; a tunnel bore Iii is-excavated byknownmeans and is provided with a'li'ning H of concrete poured insections around assembled arch and invert form sections mane l3; respectively. The different stages of the manipulation of the form sections and the pouring and curing of the lining' it are illustrated in Figs; 1 through 4". In Fig.1; the section designated A has been completed and the forms-stripped therefrom. Section B has been completely cured but the forms have not been removed therefrom. In section C; the lining has been poured around the forms and isin process of'curing. Insecticn D', the

' tunnel bore has been excavated and is ready an understanding of the method and apparatus whereby this is accomplished, it isnecessary to consider the details of the form sections and the handlingapparatus therefor.

As best shown in Fig. 8, the arch form sections I2 are composed of upper half-portions I4 and I5 hinged together as at I6 having aprons I l hinged to the lower edges thereof at I8. The several portions of the arch section, as well as the invert section I3 are composed of arcuate ribs I9 which may be structural shapes of any suitable type, and sheathing plates which are preferably welded thereto. The arch sections have nuts 2| welded thereto to receive threaded anchoring pins 22. The outer ends of the pins project through holes in the sheathing plates and into the concrete of the lining when it is poured around the form, g

The upper half-portions I4 and I5 of the arch section I2 of the form are provided with tracks 23 along which chain hoists 24 are adapted to travel. As shown in Fig. 5, the chain hoists are employed to strip the invert form section |3 from the lining II after the latter has been cured. Slings 25 may conveniently be secured about tracks 26 mounted on the invert section and the latter raised to the position shown in chain lines after the aprons I! have been swung up to their chain-line position. The pins 22 serveto anchor the arch section to the lining while the invert section is thus being stripped. After the invert section has been raised, the hoists 24 are moved along the tracks 23 to advance the stripped invert section through the adjacent assembled arch and invert sections to a position ahead of the latter.

A trolley beam 21 constitutes an extension of the tracks 23. As shown in Fig. 6, it comprises a pair of channels secured together by plates attached to their upper flanges. The beam 21 is supported in alinement with the tracks 23 by tripods 28. The legs of the tripods may conveniently be composed of pipe and preferably have jack screws 29 in the lower ends thereof. The upper ends of two of the tripod legs are rigidly secured at 30 to a cross piece 3| composed of a pair of channels. The third leg is pivoted to the cross piece at 32. A yoke 33 is suspended by a link 34 from each tripod and is provided with rollers 35 on which the beam 21 is supported for longitudinal movement.

It will be understood that, before the stripped invert section is advanced ahead of the form sections in section C of the lining, section D of the bore is excavated and the tripods 28 so positioned therein that the beam 21 is in alinement with the tracks 23. It is possible, by this procedure, to run the hoists 24 onto the trolley beam 21, as shown in Fig. 2, in order to place the stripped invert section in section D of the lining. The suspended invert section is lowered by operating the hoists 24 and is supported on temporary jacks 36. As shown in Fig. 6, the legs of the tripods 28 are spaced far enough to provide clearance for the invert section being placed.

After the invert section has been placed as described, the bore of the tunnel is extended by excavating section E (Figs. 3 and 4). As the excavation proceeds, the beam 2'! is advanced on the rollers 35 and the rearmost tripod taken down and again set up in the lead position. In this manner, the beam 21 maybe advanced the full length of a form section while being supported by at least two tripods at all times. After the trolley beamhas been advanced the length of a form section, section D is clear for the placement of the arch form'sectioncooperating with the previously placed invert section.

' For stripping andtransporting the arch sections, I provide a car 31 having wheels 38 adapted to travel on the tracks 26. The car has an upstanding central frame 39 provided with adjustable links 40 and steamboat ratchets 4| adapted to be connected to the arch section as shown in Fig. 8.

A carriage 42 has wheels 43 adapted to travel on the interior of the lining as shown in Fig. 7. The carriage is provided with tracks 44 adapted to aline with the tracks 26 on the invert sections. During the stripping of the invert section described above, the car 31 is supported on the carriage 42 as shown in Fig. 1. When the invert section has been stripped and transported to its new position, the carriage 42 is moved from section A into section B of the lining as shown in Fig. 2. The ratchets 4| are then extended so that they and the links 40 may be attached to the upper half-portions I4 and I5 oi the arch section I2 as shown in Fig. 8. The anchoring pins 22 are turned to loosen their outer ends from the concrete of the lining in which they are embedded. The ratchets 4| are then contracted to collapse and lower the arch section, the aprons I! having been folded up, as indicated in chain lines in Fig. 8. In addition to contracting the ratchets 4|, the links 40 may be shortened slightly if necessary although ordinarily it will not be.

When the arch section has been collapsed and lowered, the car 31 is advanced along the tracks 44 of the carriage 42, then along the tracks 26 of the invert section remaining assembled with its arch section, and then over the tracks 26 of the invert section supported on the jacks 36 in section D of the lining. In'other words, the car 31 is removed from the position shown in Fig. 2 to the position shown in Fig, 3.

With'the car 31 in section D of the lining as shown in Fig. 3, the ratchets 4| are extended to raise and expand the arch section and the aprons I! are folded down and. the arch and invert sections secured together preparatory to pouring the lining in section D. The car 31 is then run back on to the carriage 42 in section B as shown in section 4.

By the procedure described above, both the invert section I3 and the arch section I4 have been stripped from the lining section B, transported one. at a time through the form remaining in place within lining section C, and reassembled in cooperativerelation in section D of the bore in readiness for the pouring of the lining thereof. At the same time, the bore has been extended through section E and the trolley beam moved thereinto by taking down and re-erecting the tripods I 28 forming temporary supports therefor.

It will be apparent from the foregoing description and explanation that the invention is characterized by important advantages over the practice followed heretofore. By the method and apparatus of my invention, it is entirely practical to handle form sections as long as 30 feet and the stripping and transporting operations may be performed rapidly so that the progress of the tunnel lining is expedited and a minimum of form equipment is required. It will be understood that while the drawings show but one section of the lining between the forward end thereof and the section from which the forms are being stripped, several form sections may remain in place to support the lining while curing.

Although I have illustrated and described but a preferred practice and embodiment of the invention, the latter may be otherwise embodied andpracticed within the scope of the following claims.

I claim:

1. Apparatus for handling sectionsof a. tunnel lining form each of which includes an arch section and an invert section, comprising a track carried on the arch sections, trolley hoists traveling on said track for stripping an invert section and conveying it through adjacent assembled arch and invert sections, and an. extension track mounted in the tunnel bore on. temporary supports ahead of said assembled arch and invert sections and in alinement with the track on the arch sections, whereby said stripped invert section may be transported to a position ahead of the assembled arch and zinvert sections and placed in abutment with the last invert section previously placed, preparatory to pouring an additional lining section.

2. Apparatus for handling sections of a tunnel lining form each of which includes an arch section and in invert section, comprising tracks mounted on said invert sections, a car adapted to travel on said tracks, a wheeled carriage adapted to travel on the tunnel lining and having tracks in alinement with those in said invert sections, and means on said car for stripping and collapsing an arch section and. supporting .it during transport through assembled arch and invert sections to a position ahead of the last assembled arch and invert sections previously placed, for assembly with an invert section.

3. Apparatus for handling sections of a tunnel lining form, each of which includes a collapsible arch section with hinged aprons and an invert section adapted to be assembled therewith, said apparatus comprising a track on the arch sections, a hoist traveling on said track for stripping and transporting an invert section after raising the aprons of the cooperating arch section, an extension track mounted on temporary supports in the tunnel bore ahead of the last assembled arch and invert sections previously placed, a car traveling on the invert sections having means for stripping and transporting an arch section through assembled arch and invert sections, and traveling on the lining means for supporting said car beneath an arch section after removal of the invert section previously disposed therebelow.

4. Apparatus for handling sections of a tunnel lining form each of which includes an arch section and an invert section comprising a car adapted to travel on said invert sections, means on said car for stripping and collapsing an arch section for transport through adjacent assembled arch and invert sections, and means traveling along the tunnel porting the car below the arch section being collapsed after removal of the invert section previously disposed below said last-mentioned arch section.

5. Apparatus for handling sections of a tunnel lining form each of which includes an arch section and an invert section comprising a track carried on the arch sections, trolley hoists traveling on said track for stripping an invert section and conveying it through adjacent assembled arch and invert sections, and means mounted on temporary supports in the tunnel bore ahead of the last assembled arch and invert sections previously placed, for movably supporting said hoists to permit an invert section to be stripped and moved through and ahead of lining for movably supthe last: assembled arch and: invertsezctions previously. placed.

6. Apparatus for handling sections of a-tunnel liningform each of which includes, an arch sectionand arr invert section comprising. a track carried on the arch. sections, trolley hoists traveling on said track for stripping an invert section and conveying it through adjacent assembled, arch. and invert, sections, a trolley beam in the. tunnel bore, ahead of the last assembled arch and invert sections previously placed, said beam constituting an extension of said track, and temporary supports for holding said beam in alinement with saidtrack.

'lApparatus for handling sections of atunnel lining form, each of which includes an arch section and arrinvert section comprising a track carried on the arch sections, trolley hoists traveling. on said track for stripping an invert section and conveying itv through adjacent assembled arch and invert sections, a. trolley beam in the tunnel bore ahead of the last. assembled arch and invert sections previously placed, said beam constituting an extension of saidtrack, and temporary supports in said bore having means mounting said beam in alinement with said track for. longitudinal movement.

8. Apparatus for handling sections of a tunnel lining form each of which includes an arch sec? tion and an invert section comprising a track carried on the arch sections, trolley hoists traveling on said track for stripping an invert section and conveying it through adjacent assembled ach, and invert sections, a. trolley beam in the tunnel bo-reahead of the last assembled arch and invert-sections previously placed, said beam constituting an extension of said track, and temporary supports in said bore having rollers on which said beam is movable longitudinally.

9. In a method of stripping the invert section of a tunnel lining form including also an arch section anchored to the lining and normally coacting with the invert section, and transporting the invert section through adjacent assembled arch and invert sections previously placed, the steps including, suspending the invert section from the arch section, moving the suspended invert section through the adj acent assembled arch and invert sections onto a temporary support and lowering the suspended invert section into position ahead of said assembled arch' and invert sections.

10. In a method of stripping the arch section of a tunnel lining including an invert section normally coacting with said arch section, and transporting the arch section through adjacent assembled arch and invert sections, the steps including collapsing the arch section onto a car after removing the cooperating invert section, supporting the car initially on the lining but spaced upwardly thereabove, and moving the car through the adjacent assembled arch and invert sections while supporting the car on the invert sections previously placed.

11. In a method of stripping the invert and arch sections of a tunnel lining the arch section being initially anchored to the lining, and transporting them through adjacent assembled arch and invert sections previously placed, the steps including suspending the invert section from the arch section, moving the suspended invert section through the adjacent assembled arch and invert sections, then collapsing the arch section onto a car, supporting the car initially on the lining but spaced upwardly thereabove, and moving the car through the adjacent assembled arch and invert sections while supportingthe car on the adjacent assembled invert section, then moving the car onto the invert section last placed and expanding the arch section to normal position for coaction with said last-mentioned invert section. l

12. In an apparatus providing a form for the entire circumference of concrete tunnel lining and including a rigid invert section having rails longitudinally disposed thereon and a collapsible arch section adapted to be supported in expanded position upon said invert section, means for stripping and placing the sections in advance position comprising means for temporarily securing an arch section to the portion of the lining already cast, a trolley track in the crown of said arch section, a wheeled hoist trolley adapted to travel on said track and to strip, support and convey the invert form, an auxiliary trolley track having portable supports resting directly on the floor of the unlined tunnel and constituting a continuation of the track in the: arch forms previously placed whereby the stripped invert form may be conveyed by said trolley hoist beyond said already-placed forms, means on said portable supports mounting said auxiliary trolley track for movement longitudinally through said portable supports, a truck adapted to travel on the floor of the lining portion already cast and having rails thereon in alignment with the rails on said invert section and adapted to abut therewith, and a car having wheels adapted to travel along said rails on said truck and invert forms, said car being provided with means for expanding, collapsing and supporting said arch sections.

13. Apparatus as defined byc1aim12"characterized by said track comprising a pair of channels secured to the arch section and {mm viding spaced flanges for engaging the wheels of said trolley.

14. Forms for the concrete lining of tunnels comprising an invert section, a collapsible arch section including aprons hinged thereto and disengageable from said invertsection while the arch section is in extended position, means for securing the arch section to the lining, a track supported in the crown of said arch section, and a trolley hoist engaging said track and adapted to strip and convey said invert section whereby the invert section may be removed for placement in advance position in the tunnel prior to the stripping of said arch section.

15. Forms for the casting of a concrete tunnel lining, said forms including a plurality of invert sections, a like number of collapsible arch sections adapted to cooperate, respectively, with said invert sections, each of said arch sections including aprons hinged thereto and disengageable from the cooperating invert section while the arch section is in extended position, means for securing the arch sections to the lining, track lengths supported in the crown of said ach sections and a trolley hoist traveling on said track and adapted to strip said invert sections successively and convey them through the cooperating arch section and the remaining assembled arch and invert sections, whereby each invert section may be removed and replaced in advance position, prior to stripping the cooperating arch section.

LOUIS J. SAROSDY.