US2259506A - Cathode ray tube oscillograph - Google Patents

Cathode ray tube oscillograph Download PDF

Info

Publication number
US2259506A
US2259506A US46526A US4652635A US2259506A US 2259506 A US2259506 A US 2259506A US 46526 A US46526 A US 46526A US 4652635 A US4652635 A US 4652635A US 2259506 A US2259506 A US 2259506A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
electrode
cathode ray
electrons
electron
grid
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US46526A
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Young Arthur James
Leonard M Myers
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
RCA Corp
Original Assignee
RCA Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by RCA Corp filed Critical RCA Corp
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US2259506A publication Critical patent/US2259506A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N5/00—Details of television systems
    • H04N5/74—Projection arrangements for image reproduction, e.g. using eidophor
    • H04N5/7416—Projection arrangements for image reproduction, e.g. using eidophor involving the use of a spatial light modulator, e.g. a light valve, controlled by a video signal
    • H04N5/7425—Projection arrangements for image reproduction, e.g. using eidophor involving the use of a spatial light modulator, e.g. a light valve, controlled by a video signal the modulator being a dielectric deformable layer controlled by an electron beam, e.g. eidophor projector
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J29/00—Details of cathode-ray tubes or of electron-beam tubes of the types covered by group H01J31/00
    • H01J29/46—Arrangements of electrodes and associated parts for generating or controlling the ray or beam, e.g. electron-optical arrangement
    • H01J29/52—Arrangements for controlling intensity of ray or beam, e.g. for modulation
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J31/00—Cathode ray tubes; Electron beam tubes
    • H01J31/08—Cathode ray tubes; Electron beam tubes having a screen on or from which an image or pattern is formed, picked up, converted, or stored
    • H01J31/10—Image or pattern display tubes, i.e. having electrical input and optical output; Flying-spot tubes for scanning purposes
    • H01J31/12—Image or pattern display tubes, i.e. having electrical input and optical output; Flying-spot tubes for scanning purposes with luminescent screen

Definitions

  • This invention relates to cathode ray tube oscillographs and more particularly to cathode ray tube oscillographs of the kind in which a visible pattern or picture is reproduced in the form of light generated by the incidence of electrons upon a fluorescent screen.
  • The. invention is primarily intended for application to cathode ray tube television reproducers but it is not limited thereto and may be employed for cathode ray tube oscillograph purposes generally.
  • cathode ray tube reproducer In the usual form of cathode ray tube reproducer as employed for television reception and similar oscillograph purposes serious difliculties are experienced in attempting to obtain a reproduced picture or pattern of any substantial light intensity. and in practice it is a very difllcult matter with known cathode ray tube apparatus to produce a picture of sumcient light to enable satisfactory projection upon a screen. In the usual cathode ray tube reproducer, the picture is reproduced by focus'sing a narrow beam of electrons upon the fluorescent screen and causing said beam to scan said screen the while it is modulated in intensity.
  • the object of the present invention is to over-' come these difliculties and to enable a brighter picture to be obtained without the use of impractically high voltages.
  • the intrinsic brilliance of the spot caused by the incidence of the scanning ray upon the fluorescent screen is reduced as the ratio of the area of the spot to the scannedarea (i. e. the area of the raster" as it is sometimes called) becomes smaller.
  • the greater the disparity between the area of the spot by which the raster is swept out and the total area through which said spot moves in sweeping out said raster the less will be the intrinsic brilliance of the said spot and the less, therefore, will be the brightness of the picture.
  • the whole area upon which a pattern or picture is to be reproduced is continuously bombarded by electrons and the electron density per elemental cross sectional area in the beam of electrons with which said area is bombarded is controlled by means of an interposed electrode through which said beam passes, said interposed electrode being itself controlled as to the potentials on the individual elemental areas thereof by means of a narrow electron beam which scans it.
  • the principle of the invention thus resides in projecting a beam of electrons towards that part where the picture or other pattern is to be reproduced and controlling the electron density in different parts of the beam in much the same way as the control grid of a triode controls the electron stream to the anode, the said control being effected by means of an interposed electrode which is itself explored by a concentrated scanning electron beam or my through or by which said electrode receives the necessary controlling potentials at the difierent elemental areas thereof.
  • Fig. 1 shows schematically oneembodi ment of my invention illustrating the method and means of flooding an electrode with electrons and controlling the number of electrons by a concentrated cathode ray beam
  • Fig. 2 shows a side view of a portion of, the electron permeable electrode
  • Fig. 3 shows a portion of the same electrode in elevation.
  • a cathode ray tube reproducer in accordance with this invention and suitable for use for television purposes comprises within an evacuated envelope li a cathode-for example an indirectly heatedcathoderepresented at I; said cathode having a planar surface of substantial area and being arranged to project a beam of electrons on to an anode 2 which is coated with fluorescent material and constitutes the screen of the tube.
  • any suitable auxiliary electrode system e. g. a so-called electron lens arrangement (not shown) may be pro vided to assist in the projection of the beam from the cathode i to the anode 2 and the arrangement is such that normally (that is to say apart from.
  • the beam of electrons projected upon the anode is of uniform density.
  • a multiple grid electrode 3 made up of a plurality of individual grid elements which are insulated from one another. There may be as many grid elements as there are to be picture points in the picture or the number of grid elements may be an even multiple of the desired number of picture points in the picture.
  • This grid electrode 3 is so constructed as to permit the cathode beam to pass to the anode.
  • the tube II is also provided with an electron gun generally designated 4' and mutually perpendicular ray deflecting means associated therewith, for example mutually perpendicular pairs or deflecting plates 5.
  • the electron gun is arranged to project a signal modulated concentrated narrow beam or ray of electrons upon the multiple grid electrode 3 and the deflecting means 5 are energized with suitable wave forms to cause the electron ray or narrow beam from the gun to scan the grid electrode 3.
  • the individual insulated elements of which the multiple grid 3 is composed are arranged always to be at negative potential with respect to the cathode so that the anode 2, cathode I, and grid 3 constitute an electrode system which may be regarded as analogous to a triode or more accurately as analogous to a very large number of triodes having'a common anode, a common cathode and independent grids, the grid of each triode being one of the insulated elements of the grid electrode (for the case in which there are the same number of grid elements as there are picture points).
  • the reproduoed picture or other pattern is obtained by modulating the potentials of the elements of which the grid is composed and this modulation is effected by means of the cathode ray beam fromthe gun l and which scans the grid electrode 3.
  • the grid elements are explored by this scanning beam and each element is charged thereby to an extent depending upon the scanning beam intensity at the moment of impact.
  • the grid elements are so arranged that each will leak away the charge which it receives in the period occupied by one complete frame," that is to say, in the time which the scanning beam takes to explore the grid electrode.
  • the scanning beam from the gun I is, as above stated, modulated in the usual way in accordance with received television signals or other signals to be reproduced and in this way the intensity of the electron beam which bombards the anode is modulated at the different elemental areas of the beam in accordance with the picture or like signals.
  • Matters must, of course, be so arranged that the electrons from the cathode I pass through the multiple grid electrode, and therefore do not substantially affect its potential while electrons from the scanning cathode ray beam charge the grid elements.
  • the fact that the grid electrode 3 is negative with respect to the cathode l ensures that electrons from the said cathode do not charge the grid elements.
  • the apertured anode la of the electron gun is arranged to be negative with respect to the grid elements. In this way work can be done on an electron from the electron gun I by moving to the grid electrode 3 but not on an electron from the cathode I.
  • the capture" of electrons from the electron gun by the grid electrode is expected to be of the order of 20%.
  • the potentials of the grid elements vary but, as stated, they are always negative with respect to the cathode and positive with respect to the electron gun.
  • 6 is a virtual anode associated with the cathode I. Signals are applied to the control electrode 4b of the gun where intensity modulation is to be resorted to.
  • the invention is, however, not limited to the use of intensity modulation since velocity modulation can be effected by controlling the raydeflection in dependence upon received signals as well known per se; e. g., by applying picture signals to the deflection plates.
  • FIGS 2 and 3 are much enlarged mutually perpendicular schematic part views.
  • the multiple grid electrode is constituted by a perforated sheet 3
  • the conductive coating 33 is then cross ruled with a suitable very sharply pointed cutting tool so as to remove said coating along a series of crossing lines 34 and thereby transform the said coating into a plurality of individual conductor elements each of which is insulated from its neighbours and from the aluminum sheet by the barrier of aluminum oxide.
  • are shown at 35 and in the illustrated embodiment there is one perforation centrally disposed in each of the little squares between the crossed ruled lines.
  • this grid electrode consists of a large plurality of little condensers each having one conductor constituted by a particle of conductive coating, the other electrodes of all the condensers being common and being constituted by the aluminum core of the sheet, the di-electric of all the condensers being also common and being a leaky di-electric constituted by the aluminum oxide.
  • a grid electrode for use in carrying out this invention may be composed of a series of conductive rings set in an insulating compound.
  • the anode 2 was a sheet of metal coated with fluorescent material. It is, however, not necessary that the anode be itself the screen for the said anode may be constituted by a gauze behind which (that is to say on the side remote from the grid 3) is a transparent fluorescent screen. Electrons may then be projected through the gauze to the fluorescent screen and return to the anode (the gauze) by secondary emission.
  • the screen may be constituted by a series of particles (e. g. carbon) which emit light when heated by electron bombardment to glowing temperature.
  • a cathode ray tube reproducer comprising means for projecting a main beam of electrons to wards an area upon which a picture is to be reproduced so as to bombard the whole picture area, an electrode which is permeable to said main beam interposed in path of said main beam, means obliquely positioned with respect to the means for projecting the main beam of electrons for scanning said electrode by a signal controlled concentrated cathode ray beam whereby said electrode receives electron density controlling potentials at diflerent elemental areas thereof, said picture area being longitudinally displaced from said permeable electrode at a distance at least great enough to minimize electron shadow effects of said permeable electrode upon said picture area.
  • a cathode ray tube reproducer comprising means for projecting a main beam of electrons towards a thermo-luminescent screen upon which a picture is to be reproduced so as to bombard the whole picture area of said screen, an electrode which is permeable to said main beam interposed in path of said main beam, means obliquely posiitoned with respect to the means for projecting the main beam of electrons for scanningv said electrode by a signal controlled concentrated cathode ray beam whereby said electrode receives electron density controlling potentials at difi'erent elemental areas thereof.
  • a cathode ray tube reproducer comprising means for projecting a main beam of electrons towards a thermo-luminescent screen upon which a picture is to be reproduced so as to bombard the whole picture area of said screen, an electrode which is permeable to said main beam interposed in path of said main beam, means obliquely positioned with respect to the means for projecting the main beam of electrons ionscanning said electrode by a signal controlled oncentrated cathode ray beam whereby said electrode receives electron density controlling potentials at difierent elemental areas thereof, said picture area being longitudinally displaced from said permeable electrode at a distance at least great enough to minimize electron shadow effects of said permeable electrode upon said picture area.
  • a cathode ray tube comprising means for' continuously projecting a main beam of electrons, a perforated electrode interposed in the path of said main beam, an electron gun obliquely positioned with respect to the means for projecting the main beam of electrons for projecting a concentrated cathode ray beam upon said electrode.
  • said interposed electrode being so constructed that the potentials of the diiferent elemental areas thereof may be controlled by the scanning cathode ray beam whereby the electron intensity in corresponding parts of the main beam passed by said electrode may be correspondingly controlled, and an anode constituted as a luminescent screen to receive the main beam of the electrons projected through the interposed electrode.
  • a cathode ray tube comprising means for continuously projecting a. main beam of electrons, a perforated electrode interposed in the path of said main beam, an electron gun obliquely positioned with respect to the means for projecting the main beam of electrons for projecting a concentrated cathode ray beam upon said electrode, means adapted to cause said concentrated beam to scan said electrode, and means adapted to be operated by image signals for efiecting modulation of the concentrated scanning beam, said interposed electrode being so constructed that the potentials of the diflferent elemental areas thereof may be controlled by the scanning cathode ray beam whereby the electron intensity in corresponding parts of the main beam passed by said electrode may be correspondingly controlled, and an anode constituted as a mesh-like electrode through which the said beam passes for receiving the main beam projected through the interposed electrode so that the beam passes to a screen constituted by a series of particles adapted to emit light when heated to glowing temperature by electron bombardment.
  • a cathode ray tube comprising means for continuously projecting a main beam of electrons, a perforated electrode interposed in the path of said main beam, an electron gun obliquely positioned with respect to the means for projecting the main beam of electrons for projecting a concentrated cathode ray beam upon ning beam, said interposed electrode being so constructed that the potentials of the different elemental areas thereof may be controlled by the scanning cathode ray beam whereby the electron intensity in corresponding parts of the main beam passed by said electrode may be correspondingly controlled, said interposed electrode comprising a perforated or open-work metal plate coated at least on one side with a layer of insulation which is in turn coated with a layer of conductive material, said last-mentioned layer being cross-ruled to divide it into a mosaic of elemental conductive areas.
  • a cathode ray tube comprising means for continuously projecting a main beam of electrons, a perforated electrode interposed ir the path of said main beam, an electron gun obliquely positioned with respect to the means for projecting the main beam of electrons for projecting a concentrated cathode ray beam upon said electrode, means adapted to cause said concentrated beam to scan said electrode, and means adapted to be operated by image signals for effecting modulation of the concentrated scanning beam, said interposed electrode being so constructed that the potentials, of the different elemental areas thereof may be controlled by the scanning cathode ray beam whereby the electron intensity in corresponding parts of the main beam passed by said electrode may be correspondingly controlled, said interposed electrode comprising a series of conductive rings set in an insulating compound.
  • a cathode ray tube comprising means for continuously projecting a main beam of electrons, a perforated electrode interposed in the path of said main beam, an electron gun obliquely positioned with respect to the means for projecting the main beam of electrons for projecting a concentrated cathode ray beam upon said electrode, means adapted to cause said concentrated beam to scan said electrode, and means adapted to be operated by image signals for efiecting modulation of the concentrated scanning beam, said interposed electrode being so constructed that the potentials of the different elemental areas thereof may be controlled by the scanning cathode ray beam whereby the electron intensity in corresponding parts of the main beam passed by said electrode may be correspondingly controlled, said interposed electrode constituted by a mesh-like electrode through which the said beam passes to a screen consisting of a plurality of finely divided carbon particles adapted to emit light when heated by electron bombardment.
  • a cathode ray tube comprising means for continuously projecting a main beam of electrons, a perforated electrode interposed in the path of said main beam, an electron gun obliquely positioned with respect to the means for projecting the main beam of electrons for projecting a concentrated cathode ray beam upon said electrode, means adapted to cause said concentrated beam to scan said electrode, and means adapted to be operated by image signals for eflfecting modulation of the concentrated scanning beam, said interposed electrode being so constructed that the potentials of the different elemental areas thereof may be controlled by the scanning cathode ray beam whereby the electron intensity in corresponding parts of the main beam passed by said electrode may be correspondingly controlled, said interposed electrode comprising a perforated aluminum plate coated on one face with a layer of aluminum oxide, which is in turn coated with a layer of conductive material, said last-mentioned layer being cross-ruled to divide it into a mosaic of elemental conductiv areas whereby a leakage path between the aluminum plate and the elemental conductive

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Multimedia (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Cathode-Ray Tubes And Fluorescent Screens For Display (AREA)
  • Secondary Cells (AREA)
  • Glass Compositions (AREA)
US46526A 1934-12-21 1935-10-24 Cathode ray tube oscillograph Expired - Lifetime US2259506A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB36663/34A GB449176A (en) 1934-12-21 1934-12-21 Improvements in or relating to cathode ray tube oscillographs

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US2259506A true US2259506A (en) 1941-10-21

Family

ID=10390143

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US46526A Expired - Lifetime US2259506A (en) 1934-12-21 1935-10-24 Cathode ray tube oscillograph

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US2259506A (de)
DE (1) DE755240C (de)
FR (1) FR798366A (de)
GB (1) GB449176A (de)

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2449339A (en) * 1945-11-13 1948-09-14 Rca Corp Cathode-ray tube
US2459790A (en) * 1945-09-05 1949-01-25 Standard Telephones Cables Ltd Indicating cathode-ray tube
US2614235A (en) * 1950-04-22 1952-10-14 Rca Corp Color television pickup tube
US2631259A (en) * 1950-07-12 1953-03-10 Rca Corp Color television
US2862141A (en) * 1954-02-19 1958-11-25 Westinghouse Electric Corp Color television tube
US2887597A (en) * 1955-10-27 1959-05-19 Hughes Aircraft Co Storage screen for direct-viewing storage tube
US2967255A (en) * 1958-08-05 1961-01-03 Rca Corp Image pickup device
US3031597A (en) * 1957-12-18 1962-04-24 Itt Information storage display tube and storage screen assembly therefor

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR812987A (fr) * 1936-01-30 1937-05-21 Perfectionnements aux postes récepteurs de télévision
GB481094A (en) * 1936-06-04 1938-03-04 British Thomson Houston Co Ltd Improvements in and relating to cathode ray devices
GB501535A (en) * 1937-08-31 1939-02-28 Baird Television Ltd Improvements in or relating to television and like systems

Family Cites Families (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE349334C (de) * 1922-02-28 Lorenz Akt Ges C Verfahren zum Betriebe von Braunschen Roehren mit Gluehkathode
DE586454C (de) * 1933-10-21 Wladislaw Zeitlin Dipl Ing Verfahren zur Helligkeitsmodulation des Braunschen Oszillographen fuer Fernsehzweckeund Bildtelegraphie
DE581499C (de) * 1924-08-29 1934-09-29 Apollinar Zeitlin Braunsche Roehre fuer Bildtelegraphie und Fernsehzwecke
DE499604C (de) * 1925-07-16 1930-06-10 Abraham Joffe Elektrischer Isolierkoerper aus kristallinischen Stoffen
GB313456A (en) * 1928-06-11 1930-11-11 Koloman Tihanyi Improvements in television apparatus
BE362358A (de) * 1928-07-12
BE379210A (de) * 1930-05-01
US2015570A (en) * 1930-11-19 1935-09-24 Gen Electric Cathode ray photographic apparatus

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2459790A (en) * 1945-09-05 1949-01-25 Standard Telephones Cables Ltd Indicating cathode-ray tube
US2449339A (en) * 1945-11-13 1948-09-14 Rca Corp Cathode-ray tube
US2614235A (en) * 1950-04-22 1952-10-14 Rca Corp Color television pickup tube
US2631259A (en) * 1950-07-12 1953-03-10 Rca Corp Color television
US2862141A (en) * 1954-02-19 1958-11-25 Westinghouse Electric Corp Color television tube
US2887597A (en) * 1955-10-27 1959-05-19 Hughes Aircraft Co Storage screen for direct-viewing storage tube
US3031597A (en) * 1957-12-18 1962-04-24 Itt Information storage display tube and storage screen assembly therefor
US2967255A (en) * 1958-08-05 1961-01-03 Rca Corp Image pickup device

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR798366A (fr) 1936-05-15
DE755240C (de) 1953-06-01
GB449176A (en) 1936-06-22

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US2280191A (en) Cathode-ray signal-reproducing unit
US2532339A (en) Cathode-ray tube receiving system
US2728024A (en) Cathode-ray tubes of the lenticular grill variety
US2590764A (en) Color television image tube
US2449339A (en) Cathode-ray tube
US2577038A (en) Television color picture tube
US2122095A (en) Cathode ray device
US2535817A (en) Electrooptical dark trace storage tube
US2259507A (en) Electronic relay device
US2259506A (en) Cathode ray tube oscillograph
US3710173A (en) Direct viewing storage tube having mesh halftone target and nonmesh bistable target
US2793319A (en) Electron lens structure for television tubes
US3041489A (en) Single-beam color television picture tube
US2598919A (en) Barrier grid storage tube
US2837689A (en) Post acceleration grid devices
US2813224A (en) Color television picture tube
US2998541A (en) Transmission storage tube
US2927234A (en) Photoconductive image intensifier
US2728020A (en) Storage tube
US2818524A (en) Multi-color storage tube
US2806174A (en) Storage tube
US3165664A (en) Signal storage tubes utilizing high and low capacitance storage electrodes
US3603839A (en) Color television picture tube of the single electron gun type
US2584814A (en) Color television picture tube
US2742531A (en) Pilot signal controlled, color registration system