US2256553A - Tire cord - Google Patents
Tire cord Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US2256553A US2256553A US279259A US27925939A US2256553A US 2256553 A US2256553 A US 2256553A US 279259 A US279259 A US 279259A US 27925939 A US27925939 A US 27925939A US 2256553 A US2256553 A US 2256553A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- yarns
- yarn
- tire
- cords
- hygroscopic
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 17
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000004627 regenerated cellulose Substances 0.000 description 7
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCOCCO MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 235000011187 glycerol Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 5
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 4
- DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propylene glycol Chemical compound CC(O)CO DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229920002301 cellulose acetate Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 150000002170 ethers Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 150000005846 sugar alcohols Polymers 0.000 description 3
- KMZHZAAOEWVPSE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3-dihydroxypropyl acetate Chemical compound CC(=O)OCC(O)CO KMZHZAAOEWVPSE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 230000002939 deleterious effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007127 saponification reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004753 textile Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004347 Glyceryl monoacetate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 241000208202 Linaceae Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000004431 Linum usitatissimum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920000297 Rayon Polymers 0.000 description 1
- YSMRWXYRXBRSND-UHFFFAOYSA-N TOTP Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1OP(=O)(OC=1C(=CC=CC=1)C)OC1=CC=CC=C1C YSMRWXYRXBRSND-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- XXJWXESWEXIICW-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethylene glycol monoethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCCOCCO XXJWXESWEXIICW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000004879 dioscorea Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000007598 dipping method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019442 glyceryl monoacetate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000344 soap Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000015112 vegetable and seed oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000008158 vegetable oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M11/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising
- D06M11/32—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with oxygen, ozone, ozonides, oxides, hydroxides or percompounds; Salts derived from anions with an amphoteric element-oxygen bond
- D06M11/36—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with oxygen, ozone, ozonides, oxides, hydroxides or percompounds; Salts derived from anions with an amphoteric element-oxygen bond with oxides, hydroxides or mixed oxides; with salts derived from anions with an amphoteric element-oxygen bond
- D06M11/38—Oxides or hydroxides of elements of Groups 1 or 11 of the Periodic System
- D06M11/385—Saponification of cellulose-acetate
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29D—PRODUCING PARTICULAR ARTICLES FROM PLASTICS OR FROM SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE
- B29D30/00—Producing pneumatic or solid tyres or parts thereof
- B29D30/06—Pneumatic tyres or parts thereof (e.g. produced by casting, moulding, compression moulding, injection moulding, centrifugal casting)
- B29D30/38—Textile inserts, e.g. cord or canvas layers, for tyres; Treatment of inserts prior to building the tyre
- B29D30/40—Chemical pretreatment of textile inserts before building the tyre
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S57/00—Textiles: spinning, twisting, and twining
- Y10S57/902—Reinforcing or tire cords
Definitions
- This invention relates to the treatment of textile yarns, filaments and the like made of cellulosic materials, particularly those made of or containing regenerated cellulose, partially saponified cellulose esters, or cotton, in order to improve their properties.
- An object of this invention is the treatment of cellulosic yarns or filaments in order to improve their wearing qualities.
- Another object of this invention is the treatment of yarns or filaments made of or containing cellulosic material so as to render them more suitable for use in the manufacture of tire cords.
- a further object of this invention is to maintain as much as possible the strength of yarns or filaments made of or containing cellulosic material during the manufacture of tire cords.
- yarns of cellulosic material tend to lose part of their strength particularly when subjected to torsional stresses. I have found that this is partly dueto the loss by the yarns of natural moisture under such conditions.
- While this invention is of value in connection with the treatment of yarns, threads or cords made of filaments of fibers of cellulosic material, such as partially or completely saponified cellulose acetate or other cellulose esters, or other regenerated cellulose such as from viscose or cuprammonium solutions of cellulose, cotton, flax, etc., particularly good results are obtained in connection with the treatment of yarn of high tenacity obtained by the saponification of cellu-v lose acetateor other cellulose ester yarn that has been stretched before saponiflcation, while softened, up to 200 to 500%.
- the celluloslc yarn may be treated with any relatively non-volatile hygroscopic liquid, provided it has no deleterious effect either at ordinary temperatures or the higher temperatures, such as 125 to 150 C. prevailing during vulcaniment or use.
- any relatively non-volatile hygroscopic liquid provided it has no deleterious effect either at ordinary temperatures or the higher temperatures, such as 125 to 150 C. prevailing during vulcaniment or use.
- hygroscopic material we prefer to employ relatively non-volatile polyhydric alcohols or their partial ethers or esters,
- glycerol such as glycerol, ethylene glycol, propylene glycol,
- diethylene glycol the monoethyl ether of diethylene glycol, monoacetin (glyceryl monoacetate).
- the hygroscopic material may be applied in conjunction or separately with other materials such as lubricants containing tricresyl phosphate, sulfonated vegetable oils, and/or soaps.
- the hygroscopic material may be applied to the yarns before, during or after any textile operation to which they are subjected. Thus it may be applied to the yarns or filaments during any winding or twisting operation by passing the same in contact with a wick, roller, disc or other furnishing device that dips into the liquid comprising the hygroscopic material.
- the yarns or filaments may be drawn through a solution or emulsion of the hygroscopic material or the same may be sprayed upon the yarn.
- the hygroscopic material may also be applied to the yarns or Illaments in hank form by hand dipping methods, or the yarns may be treated with the hygroscopic material by padding or spraying after they have been formed into a cord.
- the amount of hygroscopic material applied will'vary with the type of yarn and especially with the type of cord into which it is to be converted. Thlls heavy duty cords such as are used in the manufacture of truck tires will require a higher proportion of hygroscopic material than will cords which are to be used in a tire for a passenger automobile. We have found that excellent results are obtained where 1 to 10.0% of hygroscopic material on the weight of the yarn is applied to and/or retained by the yarn.
- Yarns thus treated are plyed by twisting four ends together 14 turns per inch, left. Three plys thus formed are then twisted about 12 turns per inch, right, in order to obtain a cable suitable
- the travelling yarn after it receives the lubricant may pass directly to the plying and cabling machines.
- the treated yarns when incorporated in a tire maintains markedly improved strength as compared with similar yams untreated.
- Tire cords of improved strength comprising cellulosic yarns having a hygroscopic liquid incorporated therein.
- Tire cords of improved strength comprising group consisting of polyhydric alcohols, their' partial ethers and partial esters.
- Tire cords of improved strength comprising regenerated cellulose yarns obtained by the saponiflcat'on of highly stretched cellulose acetate yarns, said regenerated cellulose yarns having incorporated therein a hygroscopic liquid selected from the group consisting of polyhydric alcohols, their partial ethers and partial esters.
- Tire cords of improved strength comprising regenerated cellulose yarns obtained by the saponiflcation of highly stretched cellulose acetate yarns, said regenerated cellulose yarns having glycerine incorporated therein.
Description
Patented Sept. 23, 1941 TIRE 001m Camille Dreyfus, New York, NY.
N Drawing. Application June 15, 1939, Serial No. 279,259
zation, to which they are exposed during treat- Claims.
This invention relates to the treatment of textile yarns, filaments and the like made of cellulosic materials, particularly those made of or containing regenerated cellulose, partially saponified cellulose esters, or cotton, in order to improve their properties.
An object of this invention is the treatment of cellulosic yarns or filaments in order to improve their wearing qualities.
Another object of this invention is the treatment of yarns or filaments made of or containing cellulosic material so as to render them more suitable for use in the manufacture of tire cords.
A further object of this invention is to maintain as much as possible the strength of yarns or filaments made of or containing cellulosic material during the manufacture of tire cords. Other objects of the invention will appear from the following detailed description.
In the manufacture of tires and other operations wherein yarns are exposed to relatively high temperatures and/or atmospheres of relatively low humidity, yarns of cellulosic material tend to lose part of their strength particularly when subjected to torsional stresses. I have found that this is partly dueto the loss by the yarns of natural moisture under such conditions.
I have found that if yarns made of cellulosic materials are treated with hygroscopic liquid that has no deleterious efiect on the yarns, because the yarns are protected against the lossof all moisture, the yarns do not suffer appreciable loss of strength when exposed to relatively high temperatures and/or relatively dry atmosphere. As a result, cord formation is facilitated and the resulting tires have increased strength and wearing properties.
While this invention is of value in connection with the treatment of yarns, threads or cords made of filaments of fibers of cellulosic material, such as partially or completely saponified cellulose acetate or other cellulose esters, or other regenerated cellulose such as from viscose or cuprammonium solutions of cellulose, cotton, flax, etc., particularly good results are obtained in connection with the treatment of yarn of high tenacity obtained by the saponification of cellu-v lose acetateor other cellulose ester yarn that has been stretched before saponiflcation, while softened, up to 200 to 500%.
The celluloslc yarn may be treated with any relatively non-volatile hygroscopic liquid, provided it has no deleterious effect either at ordinary temperatures or the higher temperatures, such as 125 to 150 C. prevailing during vulcaniment or use. Generally as hygroscopic material we prefer to employ relatively non-volatile polyhydric alcohols or their partial ethers or esters,
such as glycerol, ethylene glycol, propylene glycol,
diethylene glycol, the monoethyl ether of diethylene glycol, monoacetin (glyceryl monoacetate).
In order to stabilize the solution in which the hygroscopic liquid is applied against change of volume, viscosity or concentration due to evaporation or absorption of water, it is preferable to add a quantity of water substantially equal to the amount of water these liquids tend to absorb from the air, the amount of water being 30% in the case of diethylene glycol, 13% in the case of ethylene glycol and 33% in the case of glycerol.
If desired, the hygroscopic material may be applied in conjunction or separately with other materials such as lubricants containing tricresyl phosphate, sulfonated vegetable oils, and/or soaps.
The hygroscopic material may be applied to the yarns before, during or after any textile operation to which they are subjected. Thus it may be applied to the yarns or filaments during any winding or twisting operation by passing the same in contact with a wick, roller, disc or other furnishing device that dips into the liquid comprising the hygroscopic material. The yarns or filaments may be drawn through a solution or emulsion of the hygroscopic material or the same may be sprayed upon the yarn. The hygroscopic material may also be applied to the yarns or Illaments in hank form by hand dipping methods, or the yarns may be treated with the hygroscopic material by padding or spraying after they have been formed into a cord.
The amount of hygroscopic material applied will'vary with the type of yarn and especially with the type of cord into which it is to be converted. Thlls heavy duty cords such as are used in the manufacture of truck tires will require a higher proportion of hygroscopic material than will cords which are to be used in a tire for a passenger automobile. We have found that excellent results are obtained where 1 to 10.0% of hygroscopic material on the weight of the yarn is applied to and/or retained by the yarn.
The following is an example of an application of the invention, it being understood that thisis given by way of illustration only.
Example,
Travelling yarns of regenerated cellulose of about 270 denier obtained by the saponification formly and even1y.impregnated with 'for cords in tire manufacture.
been stretched 200% before saponiflcation, having a twist of about 5 turns per inch, are contacted with a wick which dips into a bath consisting of 75% of glycerine and 25% of water. The wick is adjusted so that-5% of the glycerine, on the basis of the weight of the yarn, is retained by the travelling yarn. The yarn is thus unithe glycerine.-
Yarns thus treated are plyed by twisting four ends together 14 turns per inch, left. Three plys thus formed are then twisted about 12 turns per inch, right, in order to obtain a cable suitable The travelling yarn after it receives the lubricant may pass directly to the plying and cabling machines.
The treated yarns when incorporated in a tire maintains markedly improved strength as compared with similar yams untreated.
It is to be understood that the foregoing detailed description is merely given by way of illustration and that many variations maybe made therein without departing from the spirit of my invention.
Having described my invention, what I desire to secure by Letters Patent is:
-1. Tire cords of improved strength comprising cellulosic yarns having a hygroscopic liquid incorporated therein.
2. Tire cords of improved strength comprising group consisting of polyhydric alcohols, their' partial ethers and partial esters.
4. Tire cords of improved strength comprising regenerated cellulose yarns obtained by the saponiflcat'on of highly stretched cellulose acetate yarns, said regenerated cellulose yarns having incorporated therein a hygroscopic liquid selected from the group consisting of polyhydric alcohols, their partial ethers and partial esters.
5. Tire cords of improved strength comprising regenerated cellulose yarns obtained by the saponiflcation of highly stretched cellulose acetate yarns, said regenerated cellulose yarns having glycerine incorporated therein.
emu: names.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US279259A US2256553A (en) | 1939-06-15 | 1939-06-15 | Tire cord |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US279259A US2256553A (en) | 1939-06-15 | 1939-06-15 | Tire cord |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US2256553A true US2256553A (en) | 1941-09-23 |
Family
ID=23068255
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US279259A Expired - Lifetime US2256553A (en) | 1939-06-15 | 1939-06-15 | Tire cord |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US2256553A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3160511A (en) * | 1960-06-09 | 1964-12-08 | Monsanto Co | Treatment of polyamide filaments |
-
1939
- 1939-06-15 US US279259A patent/US2256553A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3160511A (en) * | 1960-06-09 | 1964-12-08 | Monsanto Co | Treatment of polyamide filaments |
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