US2244711A - Regenerative coke oven of the circulation type - Google Patents

Description

June 10, 1941. H. KOPPERS REGENERATIVE COKE OVEN OF THE CIRCULATION TYPE Filed May 23, 1959 Patented June 10, 1941 REGENERAT-IVE CO-KE OVEN OF THE CIRCULATION TYPE Heinrich Koppers, Essen, Germany, assignor, by mesne assignments, to Koppers Gompany, Pittsburgh, Pa., a corporation of Delaware Application May '23, 1939, Serial No. 1275,27? In Germany May 27, 1938 3 Claims.

The present invention relates to regenerative horizontal chamber or retort ovens with vertical heating flues arranged in the chamber walls and in particular to those coke ovens known as circulation ovens, the vertical heating flues of which are connected in pairs or in groups at the top and at the bottom in such a manner that a part of the waste gases may circulate through the heating flues connected for such purpose with one another.

That part of the waste gases circulates through the interconnecting heating flues of the chamber Walls of circulation coke ovens mixes with the heating media and thus retards the combustion. Consequently it is possible to lengthen the flame developing, from the bottom of the heating flues in such a Way that the chamber wall is heated more uniformly over its whole height.

With the circulation ovens as known heretofore the lower connecting aperture, namely, the so-called circulation port, lies between two adjacent heating flues in the central plane of the heating walls. For structural reasons it is often necessary to provide the inlets and the nozzles for heating gas and combustion air on the sole of the heating flues in line with the circulation port. When arranging the inlets or nozzles in this way it was found that under certain conditions the retardation of the combustion and the corresponding lengthening of the flames aimed at, due to the waste gas and added to the gas air mixture, did not take place and in consequence thereof the lower portion of the chamber walls is heated to a considerably higher temperaturev than the upper part.

My invention now has for its object to solve the problem of obtaining a long flame combustion in operating the circulation coke ovens when the coke oven gasand combustion air nozzles are arranged in one row, for example in the centre line of the heating wall.

According to my invention, the circulation ports are provided in the partition wall between two heating flues, collaborating in pairs or in groups laterally, and preferably on opposite sides of the vertical centre line of the heating wall, whilst the gasand air inlets are arranged substantially in or near said vertical center line so that the waste gases entering the upwardly burning heating flues meet with the upwardly rising heating media from the side and surround them before the heating media have mingled with one another.

Furthermore my invention consists in arranging deflecting or guide bricks in the heating flue sole, in the direction and at the height of the lower circulation ports, in such a way that the waste gases, rising upwardly within the heating flues that are being supplied with heating gas and air are directed between the heating gas stream and the air, stream.

When carried out according to my invention, the inlets for heating gas are advantageously arranged between the entrance for the combustion air and the partition wall in which lies the circulation port or ports. This arrangement offers the special advantage that the circulation ports may be of a greater width than usual without coming within the range of the comparatively narrow heating gas nozzles.

With the above and other objects and features of my present invention in view, I will now describe a preferred embodiment thereof on the lines of the accompanying drawing, in which:

Fig. 1 shows a longitudinal section through the heating wall of a coke oven.

Fig. 2 is a vertical cross section through the coke oven on line II-1I of Fig. 1.

Fig. 3 shows a horizontal cross section through a part of the heating wall on line IIIIII of Fig. 1.

Fig. 4 shows a horizontal cross section through a part of the heating wall on line IV-IV of Fig. 1.

As illustrated in Fig. 1, the coke oven is formed by a refractory brickwork which is erected on a mat like concrete slab 20 or the like. Accessible alley channels 2| are situated beneath the concrete slab. The coking chambers filled with the coal to be treated are marked 1 in Figs. 1 and 2. Underneath the coking chambers I are regenerators 22 of which the operating method and the connection with the heating flues of the walls of the coking chambers are well known to all those skilled in the art and therefore a detailed description need not be given here since my present invention is in no way limited to a peculiar design thereof.

Between the oven chambers lserving to carbonize the coal there are arranged in the well known manner the heating walls which are constituted of vertical heating flues 5 and 6, separated from one another by the so-called header walls 3 and 4. The top of the header walls 4 are provided with openings 1 through which the upwardly burning combustion gases of one of the heating flues 5, 6 collaborating in pairs as twin or hair-pin flues pass into the adjacent heating flue of the pair.

In the sole of the heating flues are provided inlet openings 8 for the delivery of combustion ,gasand air openings 8 and 5 '(see Fig. 3).

air and inlet openings 9 for the delivery of coke oven gas, and in an arrangement such that a free space as large as possible is formed between the two openings 8 and 9, as fully shown in Fig. 3. The coke oven gas openings 9 and the air openings 8 are situated in a row in the centre of the heating wall.

The coke oven gas openings 9 are in combination with a pipe system 23 through vertical pipes 9a, said pipe system, being arranged in the accessible alley channels 2|, serves to supply the openings 9 with the heating gas in the desired manner as necessary when operating on the regenerative principle.

In the lower part of the header walls 4 there are two openings l situated on opposite sides of the air and gas inlet openings 8 and 94, which lie in one line, openings l0 preferably being in the direct neighbourhood of the stretcher walls II.

The chamber walls are heated'in such a way that the coke oven gas, delivered through the inlet openings 9 into the heating fines, burns with the air preheated underneath the coke oven chambers l in the regenerators 22, and introduced through the inlet openings 8, the hot cornbustion gases rising upwardly. For instance gas and air maybe introduced into the fines 6 corresponding to the heating direction of the regenerative system at a given operating time. The combustion gases then flow through ports 1 into the adjacent heating flues, for instance into fines 5, and then pass downwards so as to reach finally ,the usual waste heat regenerator, not shown on the drawing, through the openings 8a (Fig. 1) of the heating lines 5.

Part of the waste gases flowing downwards in the heating flues is sucked by the two lower connecting openings 99 of the header wall 5 and, as may be seen from the right hand heating flue pair shown in Fig. 3, it then flows through the lower connecting openings iii into the space on both sides of the stream of the combustion media leaving the coke oven gasand air openings. Thewaste gas is mixed with the gas and air coming from the bottom openings and also penetrates into the space between the coke oven A rapid mi g of gas and air is thus prevented. The combustion is retarded and along flame extending over the whole height of the heating flue is formed.

According to the operating me hod it may under certain conditions be advantageous to direct in a compulsory way the waste gas sucked into the flame heating line .as through guide bricks laid on the heating flue sole, into the space l2 between the heating gas and air channel. Such an arrangement is for example illustrated in the heating flue pair on the left side of Fig. 3. In

suitable recesses of the heating iiue sole, at the chamber walls 5 i, there are provided bricks i5 which extend in the direction of the lower circulation openings [6 and are nearly of the same height as the openingsld. In case of requirement, the guide bricks l5 may be inserted or exchanged through the access openings l6, arranged in the oven roof and serving to replace the coke oven gas nozzles. In this way it is possible to control the retardation of combustion by inserting one of the two bricks as required or by removing them completely,

The invention may also be advantageously adapted to combination ovens, namely to such ovens which alternatively are heated with coke oven gas or producer gas. If heated with producer gas, the latter is delivered through one of the inlet openings l3 or M (see Fig. 2) while the other one of the openings l3 or [4 serves for the delivery of air. Gas and air meet in the lower opening 8 constructed similar to a mixing nozzle. The combustion can, therefore, take place immediately, and an admixture of producer gas with waste gas from Ii), before completing the mixing for combustion being safely rendered impossible. Such an arrangement is therefore of advantage since the combustion of producer gas is effected with such a, long flame that an admixture of waste gas would have an unfavourable influence upon the combustion which in its way is already rather slow.

I have now above described my present invention on the lines of a preferred embodiment thereof but my invention is not limited in all its aspects to the mode of carrying it out as described and shown, since the invention may be variously embodied within the scope of the following claims.

I claim: 7

1. Regenerative coke oven comprising horizontal coking chambers and vertical heating fiues arranged in the chamber walls with rich gas inlets and regenerator ports communicating with the heating lines at their lower parts, each of said vertical heating fiues being communicably connected with another vertical heating flue at their upper parts to provide upfiow and downflow lines and also being communicably con nected at their lower parts for recirculation of waste gases of combustion from the downflow flue into .the upfiow heating flue through lower openings in the header walls of the so interconnected heating fiues; and in which the rich gas inlets and regenerator ports are arranged in a single row at the bottom center of the heating wall, and in which the lower openings in the header walls are arranged between the row of inlets and ports in the bottom center of the heating flue wall and the stretcher walls at the side thereof.

2. C'oke oven as claimed in claim 1 and in which the rich heating gas inlets are arranged between the regenerator ports and the lower openings in the header walls.

3. Coke oven as claimed in claim 1 and in which the rich heating gas inlets are arranged between the regenerator ports and the lower openings in the header walls; and in which guide bricks are provided, extending in the direction of, and disposed for the height of the lower openings in the header walls, and arranged laterally of the row of inlets and ports, to direct the waste gases from the lower openings into the space between the regenerator ports and rich gas inlets.

HEINRICH KOPPER

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