US224300A - Goal and rock drill - Google Patents

Description

.-BfLEoN-ARD. Goal and Rock Drin.

- N0.224,30 O. a Patented Feb. 10,1880.

'I Bernard Z'Fmzar'kl N. PETERS, PHQTO-LITHOGRAPHER. wAsHxNGToN. n GA UNITED STATES PATENT. OFFICE.

BERNARD LEONARD, E MAHANoY o1rY,'PENNsYLvANIA.

COAL AND ROCK DRILL.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No.v 224,300, dated February 10, 1880.

l I Application filed November 6, 1879. l

' tion of the invention, such as will en able others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same, reference being had tothe accompanying drawings, and to letters of reference marked thereon, which form a part of this specification.

This invention relates to an improvement in rock and coal drills and it consists in a series of ribs fastened on the outer end of the hollow tube in which'the drill is operated, havown way in and fastens itself, so that the drill' can be effectively operated, all of which will be more fully hereinafterdescribed.

In the drawings, Figure l 'is avertical section of my invention. Fig. 2 is a ydetail view ofthe combined cutting and fastening ribs. Fig. 3 is a partial vertical section of the threaded sleeve with shaft, and Fig. ,4 detail views of the ri-bs detached from the tube. A is a tubular casing, designed to support the drill mechanism, and in contact withrthe rock or coal to be drilled. It is constructed with a series of holes, a, near its outer. end, through which the borings may escape and relieve the drill from liability to pack. It is also provided with a set-screw, a', near its inner end, for the purposes hereinafter set forth:

b b b are a series of lugs or ribs rigidly attached to and parallel with the outer end of the tube A between the openings or holes a. Their ends project beyond the end of the tube A, and are constructed with cutting edges or points b', so that when the latter is turned they will cut and let it into the coal or rock.

The ribs b are also made tapering to their outer end on their upper side, whereon a thread, b2, is cut, and in such relation to each rib as to form a continuous thread orscreW around them all, whereby, When the tube is turned to` cut its way in the rock or coal by means of lthe cutters b it is at the same time yfastened tube in its desired position by means of a wedge, b3, whichslides into a groove or channel, b5, formed on vthe outer side of the said tube parallel with and between two of the ribs b. The Wedge is employed as an additional security, and is chiefly serviceable in soft coal, where there is not suflicient solidity to hold the threads on the ribs I). I attach to the Wedge a cord or rope, b, which Vis Vcarried back along the tube torany desired length, and is used `to draw out the `wedge for the purpose of releasing the tube.

"c is a threaded hollow sleeve, having on its outer end a crank-wheel, c. c? is a shaft, which is xed and made to turn in the sleeve c. lts ends project beyond the ends of the sleeve, and are made square or other suitable shape, to receive on the inner one a drill and on the outer a crank. v

c3 is a nut run on the thread of the sleeve o, and-made to tit in the outer end of the tube, where it is fastened by the set-screw a', when so desired, to hold the mechanism for drilling.

c4 is the bit, made auger-shaped, with a socket on'one end, which ts on the end of the drillshaft, and having its opposite end constructed with two series of cutting-edges, c5, formed at right anglesl to its axis or center of motion, and arranged in step form, extending from the point or center c6 backward and outward toits rim or edge, thus forming the bit witha conical-shaped end, as shown. By this construction I provide a bit that, in drilling, if a small particle of hard substance is struck and dulls the bit on one of its edges, it can readily and IOO quickly be sharpened without dressing the whole surface edge or edges of the bit, as is the case with those of ordinary construction.

c7 is a crank of ordinary construction, adjustable to the outer end ot' the shaft c2.

It will be readily Vseen I operate my device by first screwing the cutters b of the tube A against the coal or rock, which cuts a hole just large enough to admit the cutters and receive thetuhe. As it is screwed in theincline or taper of the ribs tends to wedge them lnore securely in. After the tube is thus fastened I then insert the drill mechanism, as shown in Fig. 1, and fasten it firmly by screwing the set-screw a' on the nut c3. The crank c7 is now placed on the shaft c2. Turning the crank c7 turns the drill, which is fed by turning the sleeve in the nut c3 by the crank-wheel c.

For soft coal and stone I employ the ordiilary shaft, in connection with my invention, composed ot' a bar having a thread cnt on it to receive a nut similar to that of c3, and having both ends constructed to receive a crankor bit, so that when the shaft is run up in the nut it may be taken ont and reversed and work continued without running the shaft out again.

By having a cylindrical casing with short tapering and threaded ribs b on itsinner end, as described, I am enabled to provide a device which may be inserted to any depth into the coal or rock.

The ribs project outward from the tube and cut a larger hole, into which the said tube will easily slide. 'lhe severe strain made upon the device often breaks the hold of the screw b2, which necessitates the driving ot' the tube deeper into coal or rock. In drilling deep holes it is often necessary to keep turning the casing until it will be forced far into the coal in order to maintain its hold.

By the construction hereinbefore described I can employ a tube of any desired length,

which could be driven its Whole length into the coal, the short ribs yon its end serving as the retaining means.

It will be further seen that the casingAcan bc made of any desired length, and made to follow the drill into the coal, so that the length of screw between the nut 03 and bit c4 may be preserved at short purchase at all times.

The channel or groove b5 is arranged between two of the ribs b, as shown, so that the force of the wedge, when driven in, will be exerted against the ribs on the opposite side of the tube. This arrangement prevents the tilting of the casing out of a directline with the drillbit when the wedge is employed as a fastening means. The ribs b are att-ached to the casing A by rivets or other suitable means, so that they may be removed by a cold-chisel or other' device when worn and unserviceable. Other ribs may be supplied at small cost to replace those removed.

I am aware that it is not new in coal and rock drills to have a tapering cylinder with cutting-teeth on its end and screw-threads formed around it, and longitudinal grooves or channels formed at right angles across said screw-thread to receive the chippings or cnttings, and I do not claim such construction; but

What I do claim is- As an improvement in coal-drills, the casing A, provided with the removable and interchangeable cntting-ribs b b', substantially as set forth'.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing I have hereunto set my hand this 22d day of October, 1879.

BERNARD LEONARD.

Witnesses:

PATRICK GAssERLY, SOLOMON P. MITCHELL.

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