US2240673A - Crushing machine - Google Patents

Description

y 1941 P. SCHILZ 2,240,673

cnusnme MACHIQE 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 Filed April 20, 1938 INVENTOR P/Lsc/u Sc///4z 1941! P. SCHILZ 2,240,673

CRUSHING MACHINE i'newa ril 2 4938 2 Sheets-Sheet- 2 [NI/EN me 7 PASCAL Sea /42.

Patented May 6, 1941 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE 2,240,673 CRUSHING MACHINE Pascal Schilz, Los Angeles, Calif. Application April 20, 1938, Serial No. 203,052

2 Claims.

movable jaw and its operating parts.

Further objects of my invention, are to provide a crushing machine wherein a large proportion of the weight of the reciprocating jaw is carried by a spring or springs, thus minimizing power requirements in the operation of said jaw and further, to provide an eccentric and toggle link arrangement for imparting movement to the reciprocating jaw, which arrangement-is effective in causing the lower portion of said jaw which accomplishes the crushing operation to move, in a substantially semi-elliptic path, so that said jaw cooperates to the greatest possible degree with the yielding jaw in effecting rock and ore crushing operations. As a result of moving the lower portion of the reciprocating jaw in a substantially semi-elliptic path of travel, undue wear of the crushing faces of both jaws is eliminated and. also, unnecessary grinding of the rock or ore after it has been crushed to the desired degree is eliminated, particularly during the period immediately following the time that the crushing face of the reciprocating jaw reaches its peak of crushing forces applied to the rock or ore between the lower portion of the crushing face of the reciprocating jaw and the opposite crushing face of the yielding jaw.

A further object of my invention, is to provide a crushing machine wherein direct or straight line travel of the reciprocating crushing jaw in performing its crushing operations is eliminated and to construct said jaw actuating means so that it moves the crushing face thereof forwardly and downwardly during the greater portion of its crushing action.

A further object of my invention is, to provide simple, convenient and readily accessible means 55 40 able manner.

for adjusting the position of the yielding jaw of the crusher toward and away from the reciprocating jaw and to mount the lower portion of the yielding jaw on a simple, practical and readily adjustable spring cushion.

With the foregoing and other objects in view, my invention consists in certain novel features of construction and arrangement of parts that will be hereinafter more fully described and claimed and illustrated in the accompanying drawings in which: 1

Fig. 1 is a side elevational view of a crushing machine constructed in accordance with my invention.

Fig. 2 is a vertical section taken lengthwise through the center of the crushing machine as indicated by dotted line 22 in Fig. 4.

Fig. 3 is a diagrammatic view illustrating the substantially semi-elliptic path of travel of the lower end of the movable crushing jaw.

Fig. 4 is a horizontal section taken approximately on the line 4--4 of Fig. 1 and Fig. 2.

Fig. 5 is an enlarged rear elevational view of the machine with parts thereof in section.

Fig. 6 is a detail sectional view showing the means for adjusting the position of end of the yielding jaw.

' Fig. 7 is an enlarged detail section of the lower ends of the jaws of the crusher and showing the the upper 3 substantially semi-elliptic path of travel of the lower end of the reciprocating jaw.

Referring by numerals to the accompanying drawings which illustrate a preferred embodimerit of my invention, It, 10 designate the side which are preferably of members ll, preferably cast, and the ends of which are secured to the side walls in any suit- Mounted on top of the side walls is a hopper l2 that receives the rock or ore to be crushed and which delivers same into the space between the upper portions of the jaws.

The'reciprocating jaw l3 carries on its face a plate M of hard, wear-resisting metal, the outer face of which is fiat and said plate being detachably retained on the face of the jaw in any suitable manner, preferably by means of a clamping plate I5 that is applied to the upper end of jaw I3 and which overlies plate l4. This construction enables the face plate Seated in the side walls ill to the rear of the upper portion of jaw I3 is a transversely disposed rod IE on which is mounted a sleeve I1 and bearing on said sleeve for rocking movement is one end of a rocker frame l8, the forward end of which has a rocking bearing on the upper rear portion of jaw l3.

This rocker frame it performs the functions of a strut to maintain the upper portion of jaw l3 in proper operative position. Mounted between the upper portions of the sidewalls id to the rear of jaw l3 and above rod M5, is a housing l9 in which is arranged for sliding movement the material ment a tube 20, the upper end of which carries a nut 2| that bears on pansive spring 22 and which latter functions as a lifting spring to yieldingly hold the jaw 13 at its upper limit of movement. Screw-seated in the lower portion of tube 2B is the upper end of a rod 23, the pivotally connected to the upper rear portion of ,jaw;l3 just below thebearing for the forward end of the frame l8.

As jaw l3 moves toward or away from the opposite jaw of the crushing machine, tube 26 and rod 23 move longitudinally together through housing I!) and, the point of pivotal connection between the lower end of rod 23 and jaw l3 provides a yielding support for said jaw.

- Journaled for rotation in suitable hearings on a the side walls It to the rear of the lower portion of jaw 13 is a shaft 24, one or both ends of which carry belt wheels 25 and mounted on said shaft between the side walls is an eccentric Z5.

Passing through posite the ends that are mounted on the eccentric 26, isa shaft 31 and journaled on this shaft 3| are the upper ends of links 32, the lower ends thereof being journaled on pins or a shaft 33, the ends of which are seated in the side walls lil.

' Short links 32c have their ends mounted respectivelyon shaft 29 and shaft 35, thus combining with the levers 23 in producing a toggle connection between shaft is and the lower end of jaw It.

In Fig. l of the drawings I have illustrated three separate levers it, the outer ends of all of which levers are provided with anti-friction bearings 21 that engage the eccentric 26 on shaft 24 and the shaft 3! that passes through the inner ends of these three levers is connected by a pair of links 320', to the pin 29 that is seated in the lower portion of the, jaw l3 and a pair of links 32 connect shaft 31 with pin or shaft 33.

Under normal conditions or with the crushing face of plate I4 occupying a substantially vertical plane as illustrated in Fig. 2, the axes of shaft 24 and pin 28 occupy the same horizontal plane and the links 32 occupy a plane that is slightly inclined with respect to the vertical, with, the axis of shaft 3! slightly closer to the vertical plane occupied by the face of plate l4, than the axis of pin or shaft 33. a The arrangement just described is effective in causing the lower edge of the face of plate (4 to traverse a substantially semi-elliptical path so that on its movement toward the lower portion of theyielding jaw it moves upward and forward, thence forwardly and downwardly during the final portion of its movement toward saidyielding jaw and then in a substantially straight horizontal line on its rearward movement or movement away from the yielding jaw. This path of travel of the lower portion of the movable jaw is diagrammatically illustrated in the upper end of an ex- 7 lower end of the latter being the ends of the levers 23 opin front of Fig. 3, also in Fig. '7. This arrangement is also effective in eliminating direct straight line motion of crushing jaw l3 during its crushing stroke and minimizes undue grinding wear on the crushing faces of both jaws.

The advantage gained by causing the lower portion of the jaw l3 to travel in a substantially semi-elliptic path as illustrated in Fig. 3 is, that during the final half of its crushing movement against jaw 34, the lower portion of said jaw i3 is caused to move forwardly and downwardly so as to engage and crush with a semi-rolling movethat is engaged between the lower portions of the two jaws. i It has been demonstrated in long practice that bycausing the reciprocating jaw or the lower portion thereof, to move with a combined forwardand downward movement against the material. that is passing between the two jaws, said material is crushed to much better advantage and with the applying of less power to the crushing jaw than where the same is moved in a practically straight line against the material passing between the two jaws. Such action is especially effective in minimizing the grinding action and wear, particularly on the lower portion of the face of the reciprocating jaw.

During this movement of the jaw ['3, the lower portion thereof moves toa much greater degree than the upper portion, due to the fact that the upper portion of the jaw is connected to the frame by a sliding connection, including rod 23 and tube 29, which permits the upper portion of the jaw to move upwardly and downwardly in an inclined path, while the lower portion of the jaw swings backward and forward, as well as in a substantially vertical direction, due to the toggle arrangement between the lower portion of said jaw i3 and. the eccentric 26, so that the lower portion of said jaw moves in a substantially semielliptic path as illustrated in Figs. 3 and 7 and, which movement eliminates excessive wear on the lower portion of the face of the jaw.

Positioned between the side walls lfl directly the reciprocatingjaw, is a yielding or adjustable jaw 34 that is supported for swinging movement upon a shaft 35, the ends ofwhich pass through horizontally disposed slots 36a that are formed inthe upper front portions of the side walls it. Removably positioned on the face of jaw 34 is a crushing plate 35 of hard, wearresisting metal and the lower portion 31 of the face of this plate occupies a position parallel with and spaced slightly apart from the loweiflpor tion of the vertical face of plate M. The lower end of liner 36 is supported onjaw 34 by a slightly inclined shoulder that is formed on the lower portion of the face of said jaw '34, as illustrated in Fig. '7, and the upper end of said liner is held against the jaw by the heads of bolts 36b that pass through the upper portion of jaw 34. A portion 38 0f the face of plate 36 immediately above the portion 31 occupies a plane that is slightly inclined with respect to the plane occupied by the plate l4 when the same is in substantially vertical position as illustrated in Fig. 2. That portion 39 0f the face of plate 36 above the inclined portion 38 occupies an inclined plane that is several degrees greater than the plane occupied by the inclinedjportion 38.

By mounting the ends of shaft 35 in the slots 36, the upper portion of jaw 34 may be adjusted toward or away from the upper portion of jaw'l3 and to accomplish such adjustment, blocks 31 are mounted on the ends of shaft 35 adjacent the side walls HI and seated in said blocks and retained therein by pins 39a are the inner ends of horizontally disposed threaded rods 39. Each rod is mounted to pass freely through pairs of bearings 40 that are secured on the outer faces of the side walls l and screw seated on each rod between the members of each pair of bearings is a worm wheel 4|. Engaging the teeth of the worm wheels 4| are worms 42 that are secured to the transversely disposed shaft 43, the latter being journaled in the side walls I0 and carried by the outer ends of shafts 43 are discs 44 that are adapted to be engaged by a suitable tool to rotate said shaft, thus transmitting rotary motion to the worms 42 and worm wheels 4|, thereby moving the threaded shafts 39 lengthwise through bearings 40.

The outer ends of the threaded rods 39 are supported by a transversely disposed beam 39a that extends transversely of the machine a short distance away from the end wall of the housing (see Fig. 1).

As a result of the construction just described, the upper end of jaw 34 which is not spring cushioned may be conveniently adjusted toward and away from the upper end of jaw l3.

In the form of crushing machine illustrated, jaw 34 is mounted in the machine so that it will yield outwardly away from the lower portion of jaw |3 against the resistance offered by a spring cushion and the shaft 35 provides the axis for the yielding movement of said jaw. In order to make jaw 34 non-yielding, it is only necessary to construct same without the spring cushion arranged rearwardly of its lower connect said lower end to the frame of the crusher.

In the present construction, a transverse rail 45 is pivotally mounted on a transverse rod 46 that is seated in the lower rear portion of jaw 34 and seated in rail 45 are the inner ends of a series of horizontally disposed rods 41. The outer portions of these rods 41 pass through a rail 48 and the ends of the rods that extend beyond said rail are threaded for the reception of nuts and washers 49. Positioned on the rods 41 between the rails 45 and 48 are expansive coil springs 50 which combine to form a spring cushion that yieldingly resists the outward swinging movement of the lower portion of jaw 34.

The means for adjusting the position of jaw 34 include rods that are mounted for sliding movement in the lower portions of the side walls l0 and the outer ends of said rods being mounted on trunnions 52 that project from the ends of rail 48. Those portions of the rods 5| that project into the side walls ID are threaded, as designated by 53, for the reception of threaded sleeves 54 that operate between stops or partitions within the side walls l0 and carried by each sleeve 54 is a worm wheel 55. Journaled in the lower portions of the side walls l0 below the worm wheels 55, is a transverse shaft 56 and mounted thereupon are worms 51 that respectively engage the worm wheels 55. The ends of shaft 56 that project beyond the side walls 0 carry discs 58 that are adapted to be engaged by suitable tools so that the shaft may be rotated and through worms 51, worm wheels 55 and threaded sleeves 54, longitudinal movement is imparted to the rods 5| to move the jaw 34 toward or away from jaw l3. Tension of springs 50 is adjusted by means of nuts 49 that are seated on rods 41.

In the operation of my improved crushing maend and to rigidly 8 chine, the rock or ore to be crushed passes from hopper l2 into the space between the upper portions of the jaws and passes downward as the reciprocating jaw I3 is operated.

Shaft 24 is driven and eccentric 26 mounted upon said shaft imparts eccentric movement to the outer end of levers 28. Due to the connection of the inner ends ofthe levers 28 with the lower end of jaw l3 and the fulcruming of said levers on the shaft 3| carried by the upper ends of links 32 which swing on the fixed axis 33, the lower edge of the front face of plate |4 carried by jaw |3 traverses a substantially semi-elliptical path. During the downward movement of jaw l3 and which occurs during the latter portion of its movement toward jaw 34, the weight of said jaw I3 is yieldingly resisted by the springs 22 and the power stored in said springs during such downward movement acts to lift said jaw during the first half of its succeeding movement toward jaw 34.

During the movement of jaw l3, its upper rear portion bears against the inner end of member i8, the outer end of which bears on shaft I6.

The lower portion of the crushing face of jaw i 3 during its return movement traverses a substantially straight horizontal path as indicated in Fig. 3 and during such movement the ore or rock moves downward in the space between the two jaws and on the succeeding movement of jaw 3 toward jaw 34, the rock or ore is crushed to the desired degree of fineness and on the succeeding rearward movement of jaw l3 the crushed material discharges from between the lower portions of said jaws.

As hereinbefore described, the upper end of the yielding jaw may be adjusted toward or away from the upper portion of movable jaw |3 by proper manipulation of shaft 43 and the tension of the spring cushion that yieldingly resists the movement of the lower portion of jaw 34 away from the lower portion of jaw l3 may be accomplished by proper manipulation of the shaft 56.

An especially desirable feature of my invention is the eccentric and toggle connection between the power shaft 24 and the lower portion of the crushing jaw l3, for by such connection the movement imparted to the lower portion of the crushing jaw minimizes wear on the crushing faces of the jaws and also eliminate unnec-- essary grinding or crushing of material which would otherwise occur during a portion of the rearward movement of the crushing jaw, if the eccentric were connected directly to said crushing jaw.

Thus it will be seen that I have provided a crushing machine that is relatively simple in construction, inexpensive of manufacture and very effective in performing the functions for which it is intended.

Further advantages gained by my improved construction and particularly the provision of the eccentric and toggle arrangement for operating the crushing jaw, are a more advantageous distribution of strains developed during operation of the machine, the development of a maximum degree of crushing power, comparatively large output of crushed material for a given amount of horse power required to operate the machine and the minimizing of grinding wear upon the crushing faces of the jaws.

It will be understood that minor changes in the size, form and construction of the various parts of my improved crushing machine may be made and substituted for those herein shown,

-lower portion thereof to and described, without departing from the spirit of my invention, the scope of which is set forth in the appended claims.

I claim as my invention:

1; In a crushing machine, a frame, a pair of jaws mounted for operation in said frame, spring suspension means between the upper portion of one of said jaws and said frame, a pivoted strut providing a rocking bearing for the upper portion of said spring suspended jaw and power driven operating means connected to the lower portion of said spring suspended jaw for causing the traverse a substantially semi-elliptic path in its movements to and from the other jaw, which power driven operating means includes an eccentric, a lever having one end mounted on said eccentric, a link pivotally connected to the other end of said lever and to the lower portion of said jaw, a second link arranged substantially parallel with the jaw, the

lower end of which second link is pivotally connected to the frame, the upper end of said second mentioned link being pivotally connected to the connected ends of said lever and first mentioned link and the point of pivotal connection between said lever and the two links being disposed in a plane above the horizontal plane occupied by the axis of the eccentric and the axis of the pivotal connection between the first mentioned link and the lower end of the jaw.

2. In a crushing machine, a frame, a pair of jaws positioned in said frame, spring suspension means between the upper portion of one of said jaws and said frame, a pivoted strut providing a rocking bearing for the upper portion of said spring suspended jaw, a link pivotally connected to the lower portion of said spring suspended jaw, a power driven shaft journaled in the frame of the machine, an eccentric carried by said power driven shaft, a lever having one end mounted on said eccentric, the other end of, saidlever being pivotally connected to said link and a link pivotally connected to the frame of the machine below said lever and said first mentioned link, the upper end of which last mentioned link is pivotally connected to the connected ends of said first mentioned link and lever to provide a swinging fulcrum for the connected ends of said first mentioned link and lever.

PASCAL SCHILZ.

Images