US2240065A - System for cooling by evaporation for combustion engines - Google Patents

System for cooling by evaporation for combustion engines Download PDF

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Publication number
US2240065A
US2240065A US308232A US30823239A US2240065A US 2240065 A US2240065 A US 2240065A US 308232 A US308232 A US 308232A US 30823239 A US30823239 A US 30823239A US 2240065 A US2240065 A US 2240065A
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United States
Prior art keywords
cooling
vaporizer
liquid
pump
duct
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Expired - Lifetime
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US308232A
Inventor
Berger Arthur
Freitag Reinhold
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Daimler Benz AG
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Daimler Benz AG
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Publication date
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01P—COOLING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; COOLING OF INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01P3/00—Liquid cooling
    • F01P3/22—Liquid cooling characterised by evaporation and condensation of coolant in closed cycles; characterised by the coolant reaching higher temperatures than normal atmospheric boiling-point
    • F01P3/2271—Closed cycles with separator and liquid return
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01P—COOLING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; COOLING OF INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01P5/00—Pumping cooling-air or liquid coolants
    • F01P5/10—Pumping liquid coolant; Arrangements of coolant pumps
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21V—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F21V9/00—Elements for modifying spectral properties, polarisation or intensity of the light emitted, e.g. filters
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01P—COOLING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; COOLING OF INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01P3/00—Liquid cooling
    • F01P3/22—Liquid cooling characterised by evaporation and condensation of coolant in closed cycles; characterised by the coolant reaching higher temperatures than normal atmospheric boiling-point
    • F01P2003/2214—Condensers
    • F01P2003/2264—Separators

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a system for cooling combustion engines, and more particu larly aircraft engines, by evaporation of a cooling liquid.
  • One object of the invention is to produce a cooling system of this type in which the vaporizer chamber and the recirculating pump are combined into a single constructional unit of small dimensions.
  • a further object of the invention is to provide a cooling system of the type described, in which the condensate is returned to the vaporizer chamber and a single pump located directly below and communicating with the vaporizer chamber serves to recirculate both the liquid separated during evaporation and the condensate.
  • Still another object is to produce a cooling system which operates efllciently and reliably and without any appreciable loss of cooling liquid.
  • Fig. 1 is a substantially diagrammatic illustration of a cooling system according to the invention appliedto an aircraft engine.
  • Fig. 2 is a vertical section through the vaporiz-- er housing and recirculating pump.
  • Fig. 3 is a horizontal section taken on line 3- of Fig. 2.
  • Figs. 2 and 3 are on a larger scale than Fig. 1.
  • a denotes the vaporizer housing
  • the upper portion 01' which constitutes the vaporizer chamber proper b is a'hlgh pressure duct connecting the vaporizer chamber with the cooling spaces 0 of the engine d.
  • 'Superheated water or other cooling liquid passes from the cooling spaces 0 through the high pressure duct b. to the vaporizerchamber in the housing a.
  • the steam formed in the vaporizer chamber is led through a duct f to-a condenser g, which may be disposed in the tip of a wing h.
  • a duct i returns the condensate back to the vaporizer chamber.
  • the pressure duct 1) communicates with the vaporizer chamber in the housing a by means of entrance ports k.
  • the ports I: are closed on the inside or the vaporizer chamber by spring duct e connectsthe lower part of the vaporizer flaps l which open more or lessin response to the pressure prevailing in the high pressure duct b.
  • the flaps l influence the direction of the liquid jets emerging from the ports 7:: into the vaporizer chamber a.
  • the ports is are self-adjusting and responsive to the pressure prevailing in the cooling system.
  • a pressure pump m' is arranged in the bottom.
  • the pump m is driven from the engine d through gearing n, and its pressure side is connected to the cooling spaces c of the engine by means of the duct e.
  • a one-way valve 0 is provided in the duct e in order to prevent back-flow of the cooling liquid from th; cooilng spaces c to the pump m.
  • the device operates as follows: The cooling liquid in the cooling spaces 0 of the engine d is superheated to a temperature exceeding its va-.
  • the spring flaps l uncover the entrance ports it into the vaporizer chamber to a greater or less degree, and jets of superheated liquid are discharged into the vaporizer chamber which is approximately under atmospheric pressure.
  • the superheated cooling liquid entering the vaporizer chamber separates into vapor. and liquid.
  • vapor flows through the duct 1 to. the condenser y.
  • the condensate is returned to the vaporizer chamber a through the duct 1 by means of a second pump 21.
  • the liquid separated from the vapor in the upper portion of the vaporizer chamber and the condensate returned to said chamber, both are collected at the bottom of the vaporizer housing a and enter the pump m at the suction side thereof. From the pump m, the entire liquid is recirculated under a pressure of about iatmospheres through the one-way valve 0 into the duct 1 and from there to the cooling spaces 0 of' the engine d.
  • the condensate may be returned to the vaporizer a by its own gravity, or the pump m may be con structed as a double-acting pump, the suction side of which serves to suck the condensate from the. condenser 9 back into the vaporizer chamber.
  • the ducts connecting the vaporizer housing a and the pump 11: with the cooling spaces c may be arranged symmetrically in such a manner that corresponding ducts have equal lengths.
  • a system for cooling a combustion engine by evaporation comprising a vaporizer chamber, a,
  • a system for cooling a combustion engine by evaporation comprising a vaporizer housing and a liquid pump in the bottom portion of said housing, the latter having self-adjusting entrance ports responsive to the pressure prevailing in the cooling spaces of the engine.
  • a system for cooling a combustion engine 'by evaporation comprising a vaporizer housing and a liquid pump in the bottom portion of -said housing, the latter being provided with entrance ports and having spring flaps normally closing said entrance ports said spring flaps being adapted to open in response to the pressureprevailing in recirculating liquid pump in the bottom portion of said housing, a pressure duct from said liquid pump through the cooling spaces of the engine.
  • a system for cooling a combustion engine by evaporation comprising a vaporizer housing, a liquid pump in the bottom portion of said housing, acondenser disposed outside of said housing,

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
  • Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)

Description

April 29, 1941. A. BERGER ETAL 2,240,065
SYSTEM FOR coonme BY EVAPORATIQN FOR COMBUSTION ummss Filed Dec. 8, 1939 Ar+hur Brgg Reinhcfld Freu ag INVENTORS Patented Apr-.29, 1941 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE SYSTEM Fon COOLING BY EVAPORATION ron COMBUSTION ENGINES Arthur Berger, -Stuttgart-berturkheim, and Stuttgart-Unterturkheim, Germany, assignors to Daimler-Benz Aktiengesellschait, Stuttgart Unterturkheim, Ger- Reinhold Freitag,
many
Application December 8, 1939, Serial No. 308,232 In Germany November 28, 1938 6 Claims.
The present invention relates to a system for cooling combustion engines, and more particu larly aircraft engines, by evaporation of a cooling liquid.
One object of the invention is to produce a cooling system of this type in which the vaporizer chamber and the recirculating pump are combined into a single constructional unit of small dimensions. a g
A further object of the invention is to provide a cooling system of the type described, in which the condensate is returned to the vaporizer chamber and a single pump located directly below and communicating with the vaporizer chamber serves to recirculate both the liquid separated during evaporation and the condensate.
Still another object is to produce a cooling system which operates efllciently and reliably and without any appreciable loss of cooling liquid.
These and other objects are accomplished by the arrangement and combination of elements set forth in the following detailed description, defined in the accompanying claims and illustratively exemplified in the accompanying drawing, in which:
Fig. 1 is a substantially diagrammatic illustration of a cooling system according to the invention appliedto an aircraft engine.
Fig. 2 is a vertical section through the vaporiz-- er housing and recirculating pump. and
Fig. 3 is a horizontal section taken on line 3- of Fig. 2.
Figs. 2 and 3 are on a larger scale than Fig. 1.
In the figures, a denotes the vaporizer housing, the upper portion 01' which constitutes the vaporizer chamber proper b is a'hlgh pressure duct connecting the vaporizer chamber with the cooling spaces 0 of the engine d. 'Superheated water or other cooling liquid passes from the cooling spaces 0 through the high pressure duct b. to the vaporizerchamber in the housing a. The
housing a with the cooling spaces c of the engine d. The steam formed in the vaporizer chamber is led through a duct f to-a condenser g, which may be disposed in the tip of a wing h. A duct i returns the condensate back to the vaporizer chamber.
The pressure duct 1) communicates with the vaporizer chamber in the housing a by means of entrance ports k. The ports I: are closed on the inside or the vaporizer chamber by spring duct e connectsthe lower part of the vaporizer flaps l which open more or lessin response to the pressure prevailing in the high pressure duct b. In addition, the flaps l influence the direction of the liquid jets emerging from the ports 7:: into the vaporizer chamber a. Thus, the ports is are self-adjusting and responsive to the pressure prevailing in the cooling system.
A pressure pump m'is arranged in the bottom.
portion of the vaporizer housing a. The pump m is driven from the engine d through gearing n, and its pressure side is connected to the cooling spaces c of the engine by means of the duct e. A one-way valve 0 is provided in the duct e in order to prevent back-flow of the cooling liquid from th; cooilng spaces c to the pump m.
The device operates as follows: The cooling liquid in the cooling spaces 0 of the engine d is superheated to a temperature exceeding its va-.
porlzing temperature, but, in the cooling spaces and in the high pressure duct b,'the super-heated liquidis maintained under a pressure preventing its evaporation. In accordance with the pressure prevailing in the pressure duct b, the spring flaps l uncover the entrance ports it into the vaporizer chamber to a greater or less degree, and jets of superheated liquid are discharged into the vaporizer chamber which is approximately under atmospheric pressure.
Owing to the sudden reduction of pressure, the superheated cooling liquid entering the vaporizer chamber separates into vapor. and liquid. The
vapor flows through the duct 1 to. the condenser y. The condensate is returned to the vaporizer chamber a through the duct 1 by means of a second pump 21. The liquid separated from the vapor in the upper portion of the vaporizer chamber and the condensate returned to said chamber, both are collected at the bottom of the vaporizer housing a and enter the pump m at the suction side thereof. From the pump m, the entire liquid is recirculated under a pressure of about iatmospheres through the one-way valve 0 into the duct 1 and from there to the cooling spaces 0 of' the engine d.
Instead of providing a second pump 11, the condensate may be returned to the vaporizer a by its own gravity, or the pump m may be con structed as a double-acting pump, the suction side of which serves to suck the condensate from the. condenser 9 back into the vaporizer chamber. In combustion engines with several rows of cylinders, the ducts connecting the vaporizer housing a and the pump 11: with the cooling spaces c may be arranged symmetrically in such a manner that corresponding ducts have equal lengths.
We claim: I
1. A system for cooling a combustion engine by evaporation, comprising a vaporizer chamber, a,
' pressure duct to feed superheated cooling liquid to. said chamber where it is separated into vapor and liquid, a condenser, a vapor duct connecting said chamber with said condenser, a condensate duct returning the condensate from the condenser to said vaporizer chamber, ,and a, liquid pump disposed immediately below said vaporizer chamber and in direct communication therewith to collect and recirculate both said separated liquid and said condensate.
2; A system for cooling a combustion engine by evaporation, comprising a vaporizer housing and a liquid pump in the bottom portion of said housing, the latter having self-adjusting entrance ports responsive to the pressure prevailing in the cooling spaces of the engine.
3. A system for cooling a combustion engine 'by evaporation, comprising a vaporizer housing and a liquid pump in the bottom portion of -said housing, the latter being provided with entrance ports and having spring flaps normally closing said entrance ports said spring flaps being adapted to open in response to the pressureprevailing in recirculating liquid pump in the bottom portion of said housing, a pressure duct from said liquid pump through the cooling spaces of the engine.
back to said vaporizer housing, and a one-way valve in said pressure duct to prevent back-flow of cooling liquid from the cooling spaces of the 6. A system for cooling a combustion engine by evaporation, comprising a vaporizer housing, a liquid pump in the bottom portion of said housing, acondenser disposed outside of said housing,
US308232A 1938-11-28 1939-12-08 System for cooling by evaporation for combustion engines Expired - Lifetime US2240065A (en)

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0041853A1 (en) * 1980-06-09 1981-12-16 Evc Associates Limited Partnership Boiling liquid cooling system for internal combustion engines
US4367699A (en) * 1981-01-27 1983-01-11 Evc Associates Limited Partnership Boiling liquid engine cooling system

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0041853A1 (en) * 1980-06-09 1981-12-16 Evc Associates Limited Partnership Boiling liquid cooling system for internal combustion engines
US4367699A (en) * 1981-01-27 1983-01-11 Evc Associates Limited Partnership Boiling liquid engine cooling system

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