US2236193A - Shearing machine - Google Patents

Description

March 25, 1941.-l M, w, HAZELTON 2,236,193

SHEARING MACHIYNE f v Original Filed July l2, 1940 .in /23 /Io l o l nvVENToRl MERRILL HAZEL To/v.

han BY MMM ATTORNEYS.

Patented Mar. 25, 1941 PATENT A` oFFlcE A snEAmNG MACHINE Merrill W. Hazeiton, Cincinnati, Ohio, assignor to The Cincinnati Shaper Company, Cincinnati, Ohio, a corporation of Ohio Original application July 12, 1940, Serial No.

Divided and this application July 12,

1940, Serial No. 345,197

f 10 Claims.

This invention relates to shearing machines'of the type used for shearing sheet metal and is a division of my copending application Serial No. ,345,196, led of even date herewith. In that application I have disclosed magnetic holding means to hold up the portion of a sheet beyond the shears. The holding means were electromagnets and means were provided for controlling the magnetic force on the sheet so that the sheet even though gripped by the magnet bars could be moved in its plane for adjustment in relation to a back gauge.

It is an object of the present invention to provide magnetic holding means of the permanent magnet type which are simpler and less likely to get out of order than the electromagnetic type. It is another object of my invention to provide permanent magnet holding means which permit the sheet, when held bythe magnets to be moved in its plane even though the magnetic force of permanent magnets cannot be altered. These and various other objects of my invention which will be pointed out hereinafter or which will be apparent to one skilled in the art upon reading thesespecilcations, I accomplish by that certain construction and arrangement of-parts of' which I shall describe several exemplary emhodiments. Reference is now made to the drawing forming a part hereof and in which:

Figurel is a longitudinal cross section through a' magnetbar with just enough of the shearing machine shown to indicate the relation.

Fig. 2 is a cross sectional view on an enlarged scale taken on the line 2-2 of Fig. 1..

Fig. 3 is a view similar to Fig. 1 showing a diierent type of magnet bar.

vFig. 4 is a partial perspective detail viewof the chain shown in Fig. 3.

` Fig. 5 is a view similar to Figs. 1 and 3 showing another modification.

Fig. 6 is a cross sectional view on an enlarged scale taken on the line 6-6 of Fig. 5.

Fig. 7 is a perspective view of one of the permanent magnets used in the device of Figs. 5 and 6.

Fig. 8 is an elevational view of the adjustment for the rear end of the magnet bar taken on the line 8-8 of Fig. 5.

Fig. 9 is a cross sectional view of still another .type of magnet bar.

Fig. 10 is a perspective view on an enlarged scale of one of thepermanent magnets used in the device of Fig. 9.

Fig. 11 is a cross sectional view on an enlarged scale taken on the line l-ll of Fig. 9.

Fig. 12 is a fragmentary view showing a modiflcation in the mounting of the magnets of Fig. 9.

Fig. 13 is a fragmentary side elevation showing another modification in the mounting of the magnets of Fig. 9.

Briefly, in the practice of my 'invention I provide, as described in my copending application above referred to, aseries of magnet bars" disposed in parallel relation transversely of the shear blades and to the rear thereof. According to this invention the magnet bars comprise a plurality of magnets of one or another form and I provide means whereby the sheet may be gripped by the magnets and yet moved in its plane for alignment with a back gauge.

The shearing machine to which these magnet bars are applied may be of any type as, for example, the machine described in my copending application above referred to. In the present application I have shown only so much of this shear as is necessary for an understanding of the invention and -so much of the shear as is shown bears the same reference numerals as in said copending application. In Fig. 1, I have shown the front table I6 in which is mounted the fixed shear blade' I4 andl I have indicated a part 0f the ram assembly at I0 provided with the bracel plate II and carrying the movable shear blade I3. The sheet to be sheared is indicated at I5.

According to Figs. 1 and 2, a number ofpermanent magnets 90 are screwed to a conveyor belt 9| from which they are insulated by insulating strips 92. The belt 9| travels over pulleys 93 which are suitably mounted in the walls of the magnet bar casing 42. In this embodiment as soon as the end of the sheet I5 comes within the sphere of influence of one of the permanent magnets 90, it clings to it and upon further movemerit of the sheet toward the left in Fig. '1, the belt wil1 travel in a clockwise direction and additional magnets will pick up the sheet end.

In Figs. 3 and 4, I have shown an arrangement which may be desirable where extra heavy sheets are to be sheared which sheets might be heavier than the weight for `which the magnet bars'were designed. In this embodiment I have shown a number of hook elements 94 which may be pivoted t0 the sprocket chain 95 as shown at 94d. 'Ihese hook elements 94 are disposed between the permanent magnets 90 which may be fixed to the chain and insulated therefrom in any suitable manner. The chain 95 travels over sprockets 96 suitably mounted in the magnet bar casing 42. With this device the end of the sheet I5 can be supported by means of one of the hooks 84, which hook 'alone or with the assistance of the magnets 0.0`wi11 serve to support the sheet, as in Fig. 3. When` the sheet is pushed towards the left in Fig. 3, the sprocket chain .llwill travel in a clockwise direction. By virtue of the pivoted mounting of the hook members 34 subsequent ofthe members 54 will not interfere with the proper gripping of the sheet.

In Figs. 5 to 8, inclusive, I have shown another modification in which a number of permanent magnets |00 of horse shoe shape are retained in a shell`|0| from which they are insulated by insulating material |02. 'Blocks |00 of insulating material are provided between the adjacent magnets |00. Since the permanent magnets are not movable in this device, meansmust be provided' for diminishing the pull of the magnetbars so that the sheet may easily beadjusted in the case of light material. The rear ends of the magnet bars are supported as shown in detail in Figs. 5 and 8 by means of a rod |03 passing through a sleeve |04 in the brace plate` A slotted boss |05 is provided on the brace plate and the sleeve |04 is provided with blades |0411. It will be observed that the boss |05 is provided with diametrically Vopposed relatively deep slots |00 and diametrically opposed relatively shallow slots |01 half-way between the slots |05. It will now be clear that by raising the sleeve |04 and turning it through 90 the blades |04a will engage in the slots |01 thus holding the rear ends of the magnet bars up. Thus, when it is desired to shear very thin sheets and it becomes necessary to decrease the attractive force upon the sheet, any suitable number of the magnet bars may be rendered ineffective by raising them up as just described. In some cases every other bar will have to be raised or every third bar. 'Ihis will, of course. be done in the judgment and the experience of the operator.

In Figs. 9 to 12, inclusive, I have shown still another arrangement in which a, plurality of permanent magnets in the form of small rollers indicated generally at I0 are mounted in the magnet bar casing 42. These rollers are shown in more detail in Figs. 10 and 11. They comprise a core portion of magnetic material such. for example, as A1nico; adjacent the core portion and on each side thereof are providedsteel rollers I2 which may be of cold rolled steel or of similar material. The assembly is 'mounted upon a shaft ||3 of brass or other non-magnetic material, which shaft ||3 is journaled in the casing 42. The vdiscs ||2 are preferably spaced from the casing 42 by the washers ||4. The operation of this form of magnet bar is clear in that,as the sheet is gripped by the magnets and pushed toward the left in Fig. 9, each of the permanent magnet elements I|0 will simply roll along the sheet rotating in a clockwise direction.

In Fig. 12, I have shown a slight modification in the mounting of the rollers ||0 in which the rollers are rotatably mounted in U shaped brackets H5, which brackets are pivotedas at H6 in the casing 42. 'I'he purpose of this modiilcation is to render all magnets useful in supporting the sheet in cases where the sheet is uneven or wavy. Thus, individual members ||0 may yield to permit adjacent members ||0 to grip the sheet even if it is not dat.

In Fig. 13 the casing 42 has in its side walls oversize holes 42a in which the shafts ||3 of the magnets ||0 are retained. This arrangement has the advantages of that of Fig. l2 but is simpler in construction.

The mounting of the magnet bars is somewhat f support the magnet bars in position. It will be observed that the magnet bars descend with the shear, there being no lost motion arrangement as described and claimed in my copending applicavtion. I have found that in this type of construction the impact of the upper shear blade against the sheet l5 serves to knock the sheet loose from the magnet bars.

In Fig. 5, I have shown a slight modification in the mounting of the front;- end of the magnet bar in which a plain flanged sleeve |25 is provided in the brace plate The rod |20 Apasses through the sleeve |25 and is supported by means of lock nuts |20 bearing against a spring |21 which rests on the ilange of the sleeve |25. The spring |21 is conical 4and is shown in its compressed condition. 'I'he adjustment is preferably such that the compression of the spring when fully compressed substantially biases the weight of the front ends of the magnet bars. Thus, if a thicker sheet is to be shearejd, the front ends of the magnet bars under the laction of the spring |21 will rise on very slight pressure to permit the sheet to pass.

In Fig. 5, I have also shown a back gauge oi' unusual construction. The back gauge indicated generally at |30 is slotted asat |3| and a gauge element |32 is provided with a key |33 arranged to engage in the slot |3I. The member |32 is held in positionby means of bolts |34 and is cut away at intervals as indicated at |35 to accommodate `themagnet bars. A rear extension piece |30 is bolted or otherwise fastened to the member |30 as at |31 and it carries a slot |38. The center lines of the slots |3| and |38 are some distance apart, say, '36 inches and it will be clear that with the member |32 in the position shown, the range will be from 0 to 36 inches and with the memberl |32 disposed in the slot |38, the range will be from 36 to 72 inches. The means for ad- Justing the back gauge |30 may be of any desired type such as, for example, are shown in my v copending application above referred to. The adjustment, per se, constitutes no part of the present invention. l It will be clear that numerous modifications will suggest themselves to one skilled in the art and, therefore, I do not wish to limit myself except as to the claims which follow.

Havingthus .described my invention what I claim as new-and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is:

1. In combination with a shear having blades for cutting sheet metal, magnetic means for holding up the unsupported portion of a sheet beyond the blades and means to render said magnetic means effective in holding up a sheet while permitting movement of a sheet in its plane.

2. In combination with a shear having blades for cutting sheet metal, magnetic means for holding up the unsupported portion of a sheet beyond the blades and means to render said magnetic means eii'ective in holding up a sheet while permitting movement of a sheet in its plane; said means effective in holding up a sheet while permitting movement of a sheet in itsplane,` said vmagnetic means comprising a plurality of magnet bars disposed side by side transversely of said shear blades andpermanent magnets mounted in said magnet bars for movement of their sheet contacting surfaces in the plane of the sheet.

4. In combination with a shear having blades for cutting sheet metal, magnetic means for holding up the unsupported portion of a sheet beyond ythe blades and means to render said magnetic means eective in holding up a sheet while permitting movement of a sheet in its plane, said means comprising a plurality of magnet bars disposed side by side transversely of said/'shear blades and means for selectively rendering'ineffective any number of said magnet bars.

. 5. A device according to claim 4 in which said last mentioned means comprise means lor elevating individual of said magnet bars.

6. In combination with a shear having blades for cutting-sheet metal, magnetic means for holding up the unsupported portion of a sheet beyond the blades and means to render said magnetic f means eiective in holding up a sheet while permitting movement of a sheet in its plane, said magnetic means comprising a plurality of magnet bars disposed side by side transversely of said shear blades, each of said magnet bars'containing a freely traveling belt' and a plurality of permeans effective in holding up a sheet while permitting movement oa sheet in its plane, said means comprising a plurality of magnet bars disposed side by side transversely of said shear blades, each of said magnet bars containing a freely movable sprocket chain, a plurality of permanent magnets mounted on said sprocket chain and a plurality of-pivoted hook elements mounted between said permanent magnets, the contact faces of said magnet bars being substantially in the plane of sheet movement and said hook elements extending somewhat below said plane.

8. In combination with a shear having blades for cutting sheet metal, magnetic means for holding up the unsupported portion of a sheet beyond the blades and meansto render said magnetic means eiIective in holding up a sheet while permitting movement of a sheet in its plane, said magnetic means comprising a plurality of magnet bars disposed side by side transversely of said shear blades, each of said magnet bars containing a plurality of permanent magnets in the form of' rollers mounted transversely with respect to said magnet bars substantially tangent to the Plane of sheet movement.

9. A device according to claim 8 inwhich the independent magnets are mounted for pivotal movement also with respect to said magnet bars.

10. In combination with a shear having blades for cutting sheet metal, magnetic means for holding up the unsupported portion of a sheet beyond the blades and means to render said magnetic means eiective in holding up asheet while permitting movement of a sheet in its plane, said l magnetic means comprising a plurality of magnet bars disposed side by side transversely of said shear blades, each of said magnet bars comprising a casing substantially crescent shape in cross section, a plurality of generally horse shoe shaped permanent magnets disposed in' said casing and insulated from said casing and from each other and means for elevating selectively any of said magnet bars to render them ineffective.

MERRILL W. HAZELTON.

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