US2234306A - Refrigerator - Google Patents

Description

O. JURASEK 1 March 11, 1941.

REFRIGERATOR Filed Dec. 3, 1938 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 O. JURASEK REFRIGERATOR March 11, 1941.

Filed Dec. 3, 1938 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Patented Mar. 11, 1941 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE 2,234,306 REFRIGERATOR Othmar Jurasek, Vienna, Germany Application December 3, 1938, Serial No. 243,850 In Germany June 23, 1938 4 Claims.

action is not uniform, while the elimination of water from the condenser-evaporator is generally a complicated procedure.

According to the present invention these drawbacks are obviated by the following features:

1. The provision, in the communicating pipe between the boiler-absorber and the water separator, of an expanded portion forming a chamber.

2. Providing, at the end of the communicating pipe between the boiler-absorber and the water separator which extends into the boiler-absorber a nozzle connected into an inclined absorption tube. 7 Y

3. Providing in. the boiler-absorber a nozzle tube the nozzle of which extends into the absorption tube and of which the second, open, end is disposed above the level of liquid in the boilerabsorber when the refrigerator is in the cooling position.

A further feature of the invention consists in so shaping the condenser-evaporator that, as evaporation proceeds, the area of the surface of the liquid in the condenser-evaporator increases a at approximately the same rate as the velocity of absorption decreases owing to progressive enrichment of the absorption liquid in the boilerabsorber.

A still further feature of the invention consists in establishing communication between the condenser-evaporator and the water separator by means of two tubes connected into the top of the condenser-evaporator and extending almost up to the top of the water separator, and arranging for the communicating pipebetween'the boilerabsorber and the water absorber to terminate at the lowest point in the water separator when the machine is in the draining position.

The invention will now be described in greater detail with reference to the accompanying drawings in which:

Figure l is a view in elevation, partly in section, showing the absorption refrigerator constructed in accordance with the invention, and

in the boiling position; v

Figure 2 is a section on the line 22 of Figure 1;

Figure 3 is a section on the line 3-3 of Figure 1;

Figure 4 is a view of the absorption refrigerator in elevation and partly in section, showing the same in cooling position;

Figure 5 is a section on line '5-5 of Figure 4;

Figure 6 is a section on line 6-6 of .Figure 4;

Figure 7 is a section on line 1-1 of Figure l, the machine being shown in dephlegmating position with the condenser-evaporator of somewhat modified construction;

Figure 8 is a view in section showing a further modification of the condenser-evaporator.

Referring to the drawings the boiler-absorber I communicates through the pipe 3 with the water separator 2, the pipe 3 being so connected into the water separator-2 that its discharge orifice is disposed at the lowest point in the water separator when the refrigerator is in the draining position, that is to say is stood up on the surface B of the water separator. The end of the communicating pipe 3 which discharges into the boiler-absorber I is fitted-with a nozzl H extending into the inclined absorption tube 13. In addition to the nozzle II an aperture I is also provided in the nozzle flange. When the refrigerator is in the cooling position, that is to say when the apparatus is stood on the surface A of the boiler-absorber, the absorption tube I 3 is so disposed that the apertures I 2 are on its under side which apertures I! increase in size towards the open end of the tube l3. In the boiler-absorber I there is further provided a nozzle tube H the nozzle of which discharges into the absorption tube l3, and of which the second, open, end is disposed above the surface b-b of the liquid in the boiler-absorber when the refrigerator is in the cooling position. In the communicating pipe 3 there is provided an expanded chamber 4 which is so eccentrically arranged that when the refrigerator is in the cooling position the larger portion 4 of this chamber lies below the communicating pipe 3. The line aa, indicates'the level of the liquid in the boilerabsorber when in the boiling position.

Communication between the water separator and the condenser evaporator I isestablished by means of two pipes 5, 6 which discharge through the top of the condenser-evaporator and which extend with their other ends to a point close beneath the top of the water separator 2.

When the refrigerator is in the cooling position the surface 0 of the condenser-evaporator velopment begins in the condenser-evaporator 1,

1 enrichment of the absorption liquid. Water is used'in a known manner as the absorption liquid contained in the boiler-absorber, while gaseous ammonia is used as the cooling agent.

The machine is first brought into the genera-- tion position (Figure 1) and the generator-absorber l heated to about 100 C. During this procedure the condenser-evaporator dips intoa cooling vessel filled with water. During the generation, the ammonia vapors dissolved inthe water in the generator-absorber are driven out and pass through the apertures l2 and the pipe l3 and through the apertures l0 into the connecting pipe 3 and through the water separator 2, in which the water particles carried off separate, through the higher situated mouth of the pipes 5 and 6, into the condenser-evaporator I where they are condensed into liquid ammonia.

, If the machine is brought into the position shown in Figure 4 by swinging through an angle of 90 and if the generator-absorber is cooled in known manner, an intensive ammonia vapor dethe difference in pressure between the generatorabsorber and the condenser-evaporator becomes i so great that the water which has penetrated into the connecting pipe 3 is forced back ,until the apertures ID are free, with the result that the ammonia vapors pass through the injector nozzle ll into the water in the generator-absorber 1 and are greedily absorbed thereby, resulting in m an increase in the difference of pressure and 3 temperature between the generator-absorber and I the condenser-evaporator,and consequently an acceleration of the evaporation.

During this I process, ammonia vapor collects in the space 4, 5 when the evaporation was intense and is greater than the amomnia .quantity which was absorbed during this time in the generator-absorber. If, however, a very weak stressing of the condenser- 1 evaporator and consequently a lower .ammonia o vapor development then takes place, the vapor present in the space 4 is drawn off for replenish- 1 ing and passes into the generator-absorber com- 1 pelling this to operate more strongly, so that 5 irregularities in the normal cold development are 55 avoided.

If the vapors passing into the absorption water are not completely absorbed, the unabsorbed par- 1 ticles of vapor pass through the absorption water in upward direction and, as they would otherwise detrimentally influence the water pressure in the aabsorber, are'returned into the absorption water ;through the nozzle pipe l4 and the pipe l3, so :that damming of the vapor quantities entering :the nozzle H is avoided.

1 To enable in any case the water carried into the condenser-evaporator I to be removed therefrom, the machine is thrown over in the position of Figure 7. In this position the end of the connecting pipe 2 is very low so that no dead spaces can form in which water might collect, whereas, owing to the pipes 5 and 6, the ammonia vapors present in the condenser-evaporator flow oil to the water separator during the tipping of the machine, that is before the off-flow of water takes place, and consequently these vapors cannot interfere with the off-flow of the water.

I claim:

1. A periodically acting absorption refrigerator, comprising a boiler-absorber, a condenserevaporator, a water-separator interposed between and communicating through a pipe with said boiler-absorber and condenserevaporator, an expanded portion forming a chamber in the com-' municating pipe between said boiler-absorber and said water separator, an inclined tube in said boiler-absorber, a nozzle on the end of said communicating pipe discharging into said tube, and

a nozzle tube in said boiler-absorber, said nozzle tube being so arranged that its nozzle end discharges into the said tube while its other end lies above'the surface of the liquid in the boilerabsorber when the refrigerator] is in the cooling position.

2. A refrigerator as claimed in claim 1, in which the said expanded portion in the communicating pipe between said boiler-absorber and water separator is eccentrically disposed relatively to said communicating pipe, the larger part of the chamber formed by the eccentric expanded portion being disposed beneath the pipe when the refrigerator is in the cooling position.

3. In a periodically acting absorption refrigerator a boiler-absorber, a condenser-evaporator, a water separator interposed between and communica'ting through a pipe with said boiler-absorber and condenser-evaporator, and an expanded portion forming an eccentric chamber in the communicating pipe between said boiler-absorber and said water separator, the eccentricity being such that the greater part of said chamber is disposed beneath said pipe when the refrigerator is in the cooling position, the said condenserevaporator being so shaped that as evaporation proceeds the area of the surface of the liquid in the condenser-evaporator increases at approximately the same rate as the rate of absorption decreases owing to progressive enrichment of the absorption liquid.

4. A refrigerator as claimed in claim 1, in which communication is established between said condenser-evaporator and said water, separator through two pipes discharginginto the top of said condenser-evaporator and extending almost to the top of said water separator, and in which the I OTHMAR J URASEK.

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