US2232951A

US2232951A - Fluid pump

Info

Publication number: US2232951A
Application number: US210657A
Authority: US
Inventors: Kosian Arthur
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1938-05-28
Filing date: 1938-05-28
Publication date: 1941-02-25
Anticipated expiration: 1958-02-25

Description

A. .KOSIAN FLUID PUMP Feb. 25, 1941,

Filed May 28, 1938 J H I INVENTOR A TTOENEY ARTHUR KOS/AN PER I Patented Feb. 25, 19416 PUMP Arthur Kosian, Chicago, Ill. Application May 28, 1938, Serial No. 210,657

1 Claim.

This invention relates to improvements in rotary fluid pumps and has, for oneof its principal objects, the provision of such a pump which shall be simple, compact and economical to manufacture, composed of a minimum of parts, easy of operation and not likely to get out of order.

One of the important objects of this invention is the provision of a rotary fluid pump that has both its inlet and outlet for the fluid in the driven shaft, thereby gaining a uniformity of appearance and mechanical efficiency.

Another object of this invention is the provision of a rotary fluid pump that is self-lubricating especially when it is pumping oil or when it is operating in the capacity of,a compressor in a refrigerating system.

Another important object of this (invention is the provision of an irregular eccentric rotor operating in conjunction with four double abutments in a surrounding housing to produce the suction and pressure of this fluid pump.

Other and further important objects of the invention will be apparent from the disclosures in the accompanying drawing and following specification.

The invention, in a preferred form, is sho in the drawing and hereinafter more fully described.

In the drawing:

Figure 1 is an end view of the pump with the outer casing removed.

' Figure 2 is an irregular section taken on the line 2-2 of Figure 1.

Figure 3 is the irregular eccentric rotor removed from the pump.

Figure 4.1s a detail section of one setoi the abutments which are in the housing surrounding the rotor.

As shown in the drawing:

The reference numeral I 0 indicates generally the outer casing or housing of the improved rotary fluid pump of this invention.

Inside the casing I0 is the suction and compression cylinder I2 which houses an irregularly shaped eccentric rotor l4 driven by the shaft It,

the key l8keeping same in locked relationship..

As best shown in Figure 2, there is on the in- 50 take side of the pump a fluid seal 20 which pre- Aplurality of sets of double abutments :4 m 55 positioned in slots around the pump casing and extend into and contact the rotor I4, these abutments being spring-pressed as illustrated at 26. An inlet channel for oil or other fluid to be pumped is provided at 28, said inlet channel passing into and running longitudinally centrally of the shaft I6 and terminating in a plurality of branches as shown at 30. The fluid is drawn into these inlet channels by the suction created by the irregular rotatable eccentric I4 and is then put under compression by the same eccentric rotor as the abutments 24' operate in closing off said channels. While under compression, the fluid will travel out the outlet channels 32, thence to the center of the shaft again, as at 34, and out. The shaft I6 is so bored that the outlet part 34 is of slightly greater diameter than the inlet part 36. Between these two cavities is positioned a separating wall 38 which enables the intake and outgo of the fluid to be carried through the hollow portion of the shaft. As the fluid is pumped out, some of it communicates with the flttings for the abutments through an auxiliary channel 40 and circular groove in the housing It), and it is evident that this added pressure of fluid on the outer edges of the abutments 24 will be supplementary to the action of the springs 26 and provide a better operating contact of the inner rounded ends of the abutments 24 with the rotor l4 at points 42. e As best shown in Figure 3, a circular or similarly shaped groove 44 is provided in one face of the irregular eccentric rotor element I4, and a channel 46 leads from one of the outlet ducts 32 to this groove 44. In this manner, the pressure which exists in the outlet portion of the pump is communicated directly, by means of the fluid being pumped, to the channel or groove 44, and the area of this groove 44 is designed to be exactly the same as the area of the end of the driving shaft l6 so that the pressure which is exerted on the end of the driving shaft and the partition 38 during pumping is exactly counteron the which might otherwise take place on account of the very considerable internal end pressures often built up in a pump of this type.

It will be noted that ninety degrees of the operating surface of the rotor I4 is formed on the arc 'of a circle having the center of the driving shaft as its center, and the opposite ninety degrees of the periphery of the rotor is also formed on a circle having the same center but with a slightly smaller radius. The two intermediate ninety degree arcs are also circular but are not concentric with the other two surfaces, the joining arcs being so designed as to form as smooth as possible a connection between the first-mentioned arcuate surfaces. The lengths of the arcs may bevaried somewhat, as the structure is not critical. The abutments 24 are intentionally placed at an angle to the radius of the pump, this offsetting eifecting a better operation on high pressure inasmuch as there is not nearly so great a tendency to sidethrust against the abutments when they are so positioned as to distinguish from a radial positioning, and the ends of the abutments which contact the cammed surface of the rotor need not be forced through a perpendicular motion when the pump is in operation.

As best illustrated in Figure 4, there are two parts in each abutment, there being a projection 48 at the top of each part, this projection being semi-cylindrical in cross-section, and when the two parts are properly positioned with relation to each other, the helical spring 26 surrounds these two semi-cylindrical projections as best shown at 48 in Figure 2, thereby connecting the parts and also ail'ording a satisfactory seat for the lower end of the spring, the upper end of which is positioned in a recess in the casing wall as shown. A one-piece abutment will operate satisfactorily in this connection although it has been found by experience that these double structures effect a better sealing action for a greater length of time.

' The space between the inner wall of the cylinder l0 and that portion of the rotor having the largest radius can be quite small, and in fact,

the smaller this space the better resultant sealing and pumping action.

All parts of the device are automatically lubricated especially when oil or any liquid containing oil is being pumped, and theapparatus is particularly emcient as a vacuum pump. When operating on liquids, a very steady stream is produced, there being practically no undesirable pulsation, and this together with the compact size of the device and the minimum number of parts make for an ideal apparatus of this type.

This application, particularly with reference to the pump structure,- comprises an'improvement over the pump portion of my previous application for patent on Hydraulic clutch and power transmission, flled August "I, 1937, Serial No. 157,889.

Iam aware that many changes may be made and numerous details of construction varied throughout a wide range without departing from .the principles of this invention, and I, therefore,

do not purpose limiting the patent granted hereon otherwise than as necessitated by the prior art.

I claim as my invention: A rotary pump, comprising a driving shaft, a rotor mounted on the end of the shaft generally eccentric thereto, said rotor having diametrically opposite portions concentric with said shaft but of different radii, a cylindrical housing for the rotor, abutments slidably mounted in the housing walls at an angle to radii thereof, and having their inner ends contacting the rotor, each abutment comprising a pair of rectangular plates, a half round lug integral with the outer edge of each plate, said lugs being juxtaposed to form a two-part cylinder, helical springs seated on the cylinders for impelling the ends of the abutments against therotor, a fluid inlet channel in the pump shaft, and a fluid outlet channel also in the pump shaft, an auxiliary channel connecting the fluid outlet and the inner ends of the slots in which the abutments are positioned whereby fluid pressure in the outlet means is communicated to the vanes and supplements the spring action thereagainst.

ARTHUR KOSIAN.