US2231466A - Electric motor and shaver - Google Patents

Description

-. EM MTH Qn w n @u R k mm um Q m N A @mi Wm l W W A r mh Feb. l1, 1941. J. AQHANLEY ELECTRIC MOTOR AND SHAVER Filed July 27, 1957 r Q i i I l N IMPI wwmw 3 ww@ u. w oh Sw ma liar C um m7 III-F Patched Feb. 11, 1941 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE ELECTRIC MOTOR AND SHAVER Application July'Z'l, 1937, Serial No. 155,844

11 Claims.

My' present invention relates primarily to electric shaving apparatus and more particularly to the electric motor driving means and the means for 'associating the cutting or shearing assembly s in operative relationtherewith.

Insofar as the motor structure and its enclosure are concerned, the inventionl constitutes an improvement on that disclosed and claimed in my Patent No. 2,078,896, granted April 27, 1937. The

|11 present invention accomplishes all of the objects of the invention of said prior patent and enumerated in the specication thereof, and in addition certain further specific objects which alone need be enumerated in the present statement of in- '5 vention. y

Among the specific objects are to provide a motor assembly of enhanced ruggednss capable of being 4inserted or introduced as a unit into the handle casing and readily aflixed therein, with 20 enhanced security of attachment with respect to the casing.

Another object is to provide a motor of the type referred to, which will withstand a high dielectric test between its live parts and the shaving or other tool operated thereby, affording a factor of safety of not less than twenty times the operating voltage.

Another object is to provide' a motor of the above type, which has enhanced facilities for as- 30 suring dissipation of heat with respect to the contact breaker points and in which the latter have enhanced security oi' mounting and effectiveness of spring closure.

a, Another object is to provide mounting means :i5 for the shearing plate assembly of an electric shaving apparatus, by which the shearing plates are subjected to no distorting pressure though se, curely` mounted and operatively associated with the motor, and are readily assembled and, when- 40 ever occasion arises, disassembled, all without resort to tools for the purpose.

In the accompanying drawing in which is shown one of various possible embodiments of the several features of the invention:`

Fig. -1 is a plan view of the apparatus partly in section,

Fig. 2 isa view in longitudinal cross-section taken on line. 2-2 of Fig. 1

y' Fig. 3 is a fragmentary sectional view taken on 50 line 3--3 of Fig. 2,

Fig. 4 is a perspective view of the motor assenibly,A

F18. 5 is a perspective view of the shearing'assembly mounting clip, with an associated frag- 55 ment of the shearing assembly, and

Fig. 6 is a fragmentary perspective View of the operating end of the motor casing.

Referring now to the drawing, the-motor assembly comprises a field structure, F, made up preferably of two stacks, I and Il, of L-shaped laminations, theshorter legs of which are in end to end contact with each other to form the U shaped field. Encircling the base of the U-shaped field is the field coil unit, I3, which is pre-wound on a unitary open insulating frame or spool of Bakelite, vulcanite, or the like, having preferably a rectangular core, I4. The coils, `|31 and |32, are wound about said spool in contact with the end flanges, I and I6; and at their contiguous ends, they contact a separating median n, I1, Awhich is an integral part of and completely encircles the core, I4. This arrangement operates incidentally as a condenser across the contact points in manner described and claimed in my prior patent previously identified.

x Secured to the field poles are insulating support plates for the armature, and comprising a bottom plate, 20, and a top plate, 2| both of which protrude beyond the end of the field structure and are secured thereto by the same screws, 23, which serve to maintain the stacks of I.- shaped laminations in assembly. The insulating plates', 20 and 2I, have metal bushings, 24 and 25 respectively', aixed therein and serving as bearings for the armature shaft, 26. The armature mounted thereon is of diameter almost equal to the width of the field structure, the ends of which are obliquely recessed as at 21 to accommodate part of the armature. The armature is preferably o'f the three-pole type, comprising a stack of disk laminations, 28, each with equidistant arcuate notches, 29, struck therefrom. .The stack of said disks is connected together by rivets, 30, and is firmly secured to the shaft, 26, by a set screw, 3 I Preferably the stack making up the armature also includes a disk, 32, of rigid fiber which serves as the starting disk by coaction with the starting roller, 33, that protrudes through a port, 34, in the wall of the casing. The starting roller, 33, is preferably normally held out of contact with the armature by means of a leaf spring, 35, along the side of the field structure and secured on top thereof by one of the screws, 23, which extends through a lateral ear, 36, integral with said spring'.

The motor assembly includes an operating arm or lever, 31, which actuates the movable shearing plate, 39. This lever is pivoted about a headed stud, 4I, bearing in .a bushing, 40, extending through and rigidly aflixed in the intermediate part of the lever. Stud 4Il is ainxed at'its reduced shank end in insulating carrying plate 2l to which it is secured by heading over its extremity against washer 331. -The rear end of the operating lever extends parallel to the plate, 20, for association with the eccentric tip, 42, at the lower end of the armature shaft. That tip bears in a hanged slide block, 43, riding in an elongated slot, 44, in the eye, 45, at the inner end of the operating arm, 31. The forward end of the operating arm is oifset at 48 above the bearing mount to extend centrally outward through a port, 41 in the forward end of the casing, for operation oi the shearing member, 3S.

The breaker contacts, 50 and 5I, are located at the upper insulating plate, 2|, and are preferably mounted on a pair or rigid identical insulating arms, 52 and 53 respectively, each having longitudinally molded therein a sheet metal plate, 54, protruding from the forward extremity thereof. Said plates have downturnedfingers, 55, on their forward ends, to which the respective brealrer contacts are ai'iixed. To dissipate such heat as may be generated in any arcing, each of the contacts has associated therewith a metal heat dissipating plate preferably in the form of a concentrically mounted star-shaped stamping, 56, of copper-brass alloy, clamped between the nger, 55, and 'the contact by riveting the latter as at 51 to the former.

As shown in .the drawing, the points of the star shaped heat dissipating plates radiate outward corona-like from the contact and are free from physical engagement with other parts, so that` objectionable heating and pitting are avoided.

The carrying plates, 54, extend into the insulating carrying arms for approximately half the length of the latter and have electrical connectors, 58, protruding laterally outward from said arms, and which in turn are connected by insulated lengths of conductor, 59 (which rest on ber separator pieces, 60, covering the field structure), to the respective ends of the field coil for series connection of the contacts therewith. The contact carrying arms at their inner ends abut shank 68 of a bearing pin, 6I, having a shoulder, 61, against .the upper support plate, ZI, through which its lower reduced end, 63, extends with a frictional hold thereon, and its extremity is headed over to keep it in place. Pin I has a widened head, 63, extending over the ends of X both of said arms which are straddled by a U- shaped leaf spring, 64, lodged at its middle under the rim` of the head, 63, and fitted at its inner inwardly curved ends, i5. into corresponding notches, 6B, in the respective arms.

Preferably one of the arms, 53, is held fixed in operation by providing, unitary therewith, a boss, 531, fitting in a corresponding hole in support plate 2|, the other arm, 52, having a pivoting movement about .the pin, 6I. To permit adjustment in the setting of the contact points, the shank element, 68, is made slightly oval for keying connection to the lever, I3, and head I3 is provided with a lllister slot, 10. Thus, by turning said head with a screw driver, the distance between the contact points, l and II, may be readily adjusted in initial setting and also, should occasion arise, after wear of the contact points. 'Ihe upper end of the shaft, 2l, is conformed as a triangular cam, 1I, so positioned relative The motor assembly described is readily introduced into the casing, C, by inserting the forward end of the lever, 31, through the port, 41, whereupon the unit will readily drop in place with the field legs resting on ledges, 15, molded in the casing floor, the coil, I3, nding clearance at its lower part in the space between said ledges, the plate, 20, resting on the longitudinal ledges, 16, and the transverse ledge, 161, in the floor of the casing, thereby affording space, 11, therebelow for the inner end of the lever arm, 31, and its appurtenances. The unit is afllxed to the casing by simply tightening a pair of screws, 18, which pass through corresponding apertures, 19, in the field structure, and are threaded in the casing door.

The device involves a substantially rectangular casing, generally similar to that of my prior patent above identified. The casing tapers at its forward end to a narrow generally rectangular support, 80, for the shearing assembly, S. 'I'he reduced end of the case is an integral part of the base, 8l, the upper edges of the lateral walls of which slope downwardly therefrom as at l2 so that the rear end of the base has a depth half the height of the casing. The cover, Il, is complementary to the base, the free edges of its lateral walls sloping upward for contact with those of the base and its forward end being relatively sharp at 84 to extend substantially in alignment with the head end, to present a symmetrical structure as appears best in Fig. 2.

The cover, 83, is secured to the base, I I by screws, I8, near the forward end and by screw 4l through boss 88 in the cover piece, threaded into socket 4S in boss 81 in the base.

Electrical connection to the motor is made through the usual cord set, li, which, however, has a rubber bushing, rectangular in .crosssection, lodged in the casing and contacted by bosses 81 and 83 in the base and cover respectively. The bushing has laterally extending metal terminal lugs, 89, which are affixed upon corresponding ledges, 80, in the base and connected by conductors, 3i, tothe ends of the neld coil, I3.

It will be seen that the motor is readily assembled as a unit shown in Fig. 4 and readily installed as such in the casing. In case repair is. required, the motor can be readily removed in its entirety by simply withdrawing the two screws, 1l, and severing the connections, 3|. 'Ihe sub-assembly of the motor admits of a more rigid and secure and correct co-ordination of various bearings making up the structure and avoids the possibility of mis-aligning strain and binding incurred where the parts of the motor must be separately ailixed into the handle casing. By the construction described, the live parts of the motor are so thoroughly insulated with respect to the 'shearing assembly or other tool operated thereby, that on dielectric test it will withstand as high as 2500 volts, at least twenty times the tension at the ordinary outlet in an apartment or oilice building or hotel.

The shearing head, S, by itself is the subjectmatter of my United States Patent No. 2,102,529 issued December 14, 1937, and is, therefore, not per se claimed herein. It may be briefly noted that `such unit comprises a pair of thin plates including an outer sheathing plate, l2, having inturned flanges, $3, straddling the serrated edges of the inner plate. 33, and notched at the edges i to form teeth, I4. The inturned flanges, I8, of

the outer plate abut the end, Il, of the casing, the cutting edges, 34, protruding laterally beyond the reduced forward end of the casing. Preferably short studs, 90, are molded into the forward end of the casing and serve as positioning means for the shearing assembly said studs fitting snugly in corresponding apertures, 90, in the outer or xed shearing plate, 92, and extending through elongated slots, 91, in the inner plate to permit and guide'reciprocation thereof by the extremity of the operating lever which extends into a corresponding hole, 98, therein.

Releasable clip means, C, is provided for affixing the shearing assembly to the casing and maintaining it in cooperative relation with the end of lever 31. This means, best shown in Fig.l 5, comprises a lgenerally U-shaped spring metal clip straddling the shearing assembly and having jaws, 99, embracing the casing. These jaws preferably converge inward somewhat and straddle Y key lugs, ledges, or enlargments, |00, molded integrally with the converging casing end and diverglng outwardly7 toward the extremity thereof. Accordingly, the clip will readily snap over the casing end and become anchored at the lateral key ledges and thereby maintains the shearing assembly in place against the casing end. At the region of the keying lugs, |00, the casing end, 00, is of the full width of the shearing assembly which is thus reliably held against rocking displacement in use.

The clip as shown is cut away at its base to expose the shearing edges and the entire intervening area of the shearing assembly, affording only a pair of straps, and |02, which overlap the extremities of the shearing assembly beyond the shearing edges thereof.

Preferably, the clip jaws are also cut away to afford merely the loop frame structure shown which includes the lateral bars, |03, connected by beam |04,bars |03 effectively engage the keying lugs, |00, on the casing, the sloping face of the latter being exposed between said lugs. Thus, the clip unit in effect comprises a generally rectangular open metal frame transversely bent to aiord two U-shaped jaws, 99, and the connecting straps, |0| and |02. 'I'he unit is rectangular in plan view and U-shaped in both side and end view.

Preferably, each of the straps is angle-shape y in cross-section, having unitary therewith a narrow web, |05, unitary and rigid at its ends with .p the respective bars, |03, of the clip jaws, 99. By

this arrangement, it is seen that the end straps ars greatly stiffened as compared with the rest the fixed shearing plate, v92, and the beam, |04,

is also depressed below the bars, |03, as at |01, for conformation to the area on the casing between the bases of the lugs, |00.

The mounting clip described, it is seen leaves exposed the entire effective area of the shearing asembly, and its webs, |05, cover the sharp corners thereof so as to protect the skin against possibility of abrasion.

Webs as seen in the drawing, do not contact the casing but terminate with some clearance relative to the end thereof, so that they perform their protecive and stiening functions without possibility of interfering with the security with which the clip jaws retain the shearing assembly upon the casing.

In resiliently clamping the extremities of the assembly with respect to keying lugs |00 of the casing, the clip described avoids the possibility of any locally applied distorting strain which might interfere with the effectiveness of the cutting or shearing operation. The clip affords a secure mount for the shearing assembly without imposing any undue frictional load upon the motor in driving the inner shearing plate. It is readily applied without the need for skill and readily removed whenever occasion arises, all without the need for any tool.

As many changes could be made in the above construction, and many apparently widely different embodiments of this invention could be made without departing from the scope of the claims, it is intended that all matter contained in the above description or shown in the accompanying drawing shall be interpretedv as illustrative and not in a limiting sense.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Pat- -ent is:

l. In an apparatus of the character described. an electric motor assembly adapted to be installed in a handle casing, said assemblycomprising a field structure, a pair of insulating plates attached respectively to the top and bottom of said structure and Aextending; therebeyond, and an armature structure having a shaft extending between said plates and having bearings in said plates and a tool operating arm having a bearing mount on one of said plates and having an eccentric connection with respect to the corresponding end of said shaft for oscillatory movement thereof.

2. In an apparatus of the character described, an electric motor assembly adapted to be installed in a handle casingy said assembly comprising a iield structure, a pair of insulating plates attached respectively to the top and bottom of said structure and extending therebeyond, and an armature structure having a shaft extending between said plates and having bearings in said plates, an operating arm having a pivot mount on top of the lower vof said plates, and protruding through a corresponding aperture in said plate and extending at its inner end along the bottom of said plate, said armature shaft having an eccentric part and a slide block coacting therewith and carried in an elongated longitudinal slot on said lever.

3. In an apparatus of the character described, an electric motor assembly adapted to be installed in a handle casing, said assembly comprising a field structure, a pair of insulating plates attached respectively to the top and bottom of said structure and extending therebeyond, and an armature structure having a shaft extending between said plates and having bearings in said plates, one of said plates having a pair of breaker contacts thereon, a pivoted arm mounting one of said contacts a, a cam conformation at the corresponding extremity of said armature shaft and coacting with said breaker arm and a tool operating arm having a bearing mount on the other of said plates and having an eccentric mount with respect to the corresponding end of said shaft for oscillatory movement thereof.

4. In an apparatus of the character described, an electric motor assembly adapted to be installed in a handle casing, said assemblycomprising a field structure, a pair of insulating plates attached respectively tothe top and bottom of said structure and extending therebeyond, and an armature structurel having a shaft extending between said plates and having bearings in said plates, a tool operating'arm having a bearing mount on one of said plates and having an eccentric connection with respect to the corresponding end of said shaft for'oscillatory movement thereof in operation of the motor, one of said plates having a pair of breaker contacts thereon, a pivoted arm mounting one of said contacts and a cam conformation at the corresponding extremity of said armature shaft and coaoting with said breaker arm.

5. An electric motor assembly adapted to be mounted in a handle casing for use in an electric shaver or the like, comprising a U-shaped field structure made up of a stack of laminations, a field coil encircling the base of the iield structure, an insulating plate mounted under said field strucutre and extending therebeyond, an insulating plate mounted on top of said iield structure and extending therebeyond, a pair of screws extending through the stack of laminations and through the respective plates and serving to assemble them, an armature of diameter substantially equal to the width 0i' said fieldstructure and extending into corresponding arcuate recesses at the end of the iield structure, said armature having a shaft with bearings in the respective insulating plates, the lower end of said shaft having an eccentric tip, a tool operating lever having a bearing on the lower insulating plate and having a perforated slide block in a longitudinal slot-therein accommodating said eccentric tip, a pair of breaker contacts connected in series with the field coil on the upper of said insulating plates, a movable arm mounting one of said contacts, the upper extremity of the armature shaft having a cam conformation coacting with said movable arm.

6. In apparatus of the character described, an insulating casing, an electric motor therein compricing a U-shaped field structure, an armature structure having a shaft extending parallel to the thickness of said field structure, a field coil encircling said structure, a pair of breaker arms connected in series with said field coil, a supporting plate for said breaker arms, one of said breaker arms being fixed to said plate and the other of said breaker arms being pivoted thereto, said arms being of insulating material, each having a conducting plate afiixed thereto, the extremities of said plates'extending downward into the space between said armature and the eld structure, the contact points being riveted to said downturned extremities and heat-dissipating stampings clamped in position between the respective contact points and the supporting plates therefor.

7. In an apparatus of the character described,

.an insulating support plate, a contact breaker carrying arm afiixed thereto, a. second contact breaker arm pivotally mounted thereon, a pivot for said latter arm mounted upon said plate with said arm in lateral engagement therewith at one side-thereof only, and a U-shaped ,spring straddling the two arms and engaging the pivot member, said pivot member having a head resting on said arm and extending at its rim over the median portion of said U-shaped Spring.

8. In an apparatus of the character described, an insulating handle casing, an electric motor assembly therein, including a field structure having insulating upper and lower extension plates attached thereto, an armature having a shaft bearing in said plates, the insulating casing having lateral ledges supporting the field structure, lateral and end ledges in said casing supporting the lower insulating plate, a pair of screws securing the ileld structure to said lateral supporting ledges, a tool operating lever lodged at its inner end in the space between the plate supporting ledges under said plate and having an eccentric driving connection with said armature shaft, said operating lever having a bearing mount near the outer extremity of said supporting plate and extending at its outer end through la corresponding longitudinal port in said casing.

9. In an electric motor of the type including a contact breaker, said breaker comprising arms carrying the respective contacts, an insulating plate supporting said arms, a boss intermediate the ends of one of said arms and snugly but adjustably fixed in said plate, a pivot pin frictionally fitted at its end in said plate and having a slightly oval shank engaging the ends of both oi' said arms, means resiliently holding said arms in contact with said pivot pin, said pin having a iillister head to permit adjustment in the relative positioning of said arms for proper spacing of the contacts.

10. In a motor of the character described, a support, a pair of metallic contact plates extending therebeyond and having coacting contact points, spring means to urge the contact points in engagement, a cam for periodically separating the same and a pair of spaced star shaped heat dissipating plates substantially concentric with and having hubs in intimate engagement with the entire base area of the respective parallel contact points, the points of said star shaped plates radiating corona-like and free from physical contact with other parts, outward from the respective contacts.

11. In a, motor of the character described, a support plate, a pivot member mounted thereon, a pair of insulating contact supportsengaging said pivot member, at least one of said supports being movable, metallic plates amxed to said arms extending beyond said support plate and having downturned parallel extremities, star shaped heat dissipating plates, each having a hub engaging the corresponding downturned extremity, contact members superposed over said hub and riveted to the respective extremities and clamping the respective heat dis'sipating plates securely in position, said star shaped plates having the points thereof extending corona-like and free from physical contact with other parts, outward from the respective contacts, and a U- shaped spring extending about the pivot member straddling said insulating contact supports and urging said contact members toward each other.

JOHN A. HANLEY.

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