US2213355A - Wall construction - Google Patents

Wall construction Download PDF

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Publication number
US2213355A
US2213355A US310265A US31026539A US2213355A US 2213355 A US2213355 A US 2213355A US 310265 A US310265 A US 310265A US 31026539 A US31026539 A US 31026539A US 2213355 A US2213355 A US 2213355A
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Prior art keywords
wall
partition
walls
insulating material
chamber
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US310265A
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Roy D Woodworth
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/38—Connections for building structures in general
    • E04B1/41—Connecting devices specially adapted for embedding in concrete or masonry
    • E04B1/4178—Masonry wall ties
    • E04B1/4185—Masonry wall ties for cavity walls with both wall leaves made of masonry
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
    • E04B1/74—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls
    • E04B1/76—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to heat only
    • E04B1/7608—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to heat only comprising a prefabricated insulating layer, disposed between two other layers or panels
    • E04B1/7612—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to heat only comprising a prefabricated insulating layer, disposed between two other layers or panels in combination with an air space
    • E04B1/7616—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to heat only comprising a prefabricated insulating layer, disposed between two other layers or panels in combination with an air space with insulation-layer locating devices combined with wall ties

Definitions

  • This invention relates to theart of insulation, and has particular reference to the thermal insulation of buildings and otheristructures.
  • An objection inherent in the construction of walls for buildings is the tendency to fill the space between the walls with an insulating material of some type which in time absorbs the moisture that penetrates through the outer wall. When this occurs the insulating material loses its effectiveness and also transmits moisture ,to the inner wall of the building where a great deal of damage may result.
  • An object of this invention therefore, is to provide an inner and outer wall of a building having a plurality of forms of insulation therebetween, for example, a mineral wool, a wall board and a circulating air chamber. 7 Another object of this invention is to provide a support for the partition and a'brace for the inner and outer walls of the building.
  • Another objector the invention is to provide inlet and outlet openings in the walls for the circulation of air therebetween.
  • Fig. 1 is a view in perspective of a fragmentary portion of the walls of a building embodying the present invention
  • Fig. 2 is a transverse sectional view of a fragmentary portion of the improved building wall, the section being taken on a plane'indicated by the line 22 of Fig. 1;
  • Fig. 3 is a perspective view of thetie bar and supporting member for the partition.
  • the wall comprises an irmer wall In and an outer wall disposed in spaced parallel relation through the entire wall structure save only such portions thereof as are interrupted by windows, doors or similar passageways.
  • metal supports vor the .bars l3 are imbedded in the masonry at spaced intervals throughout the wall to assure the rigidity of the structure.
  • the tie bars J3 areoformed with lips II on the outer ends thereof which diverge from the plane of the body of the bar to key the end portions thereof in the mortar between adjacent bricks in the wall structure.
  • Depending-lugs l5 are formed ,well known types.
  • the parti- "I'his insulating material may be either blown virons.
  • the tie bars are further formed intermediate the ends. With clips or a wall board partition or frame work Id.
  • partitiom I8 is erected during the construction of the masonry between the inner and outer walls of the building and 'is supported in 10 place by the clips in metal tie bars Has-shown in Figs. 1 and 2.
  • This partition orwall may be formed of a pressed fiber or so called wall board or a cellular insulating material of any of the 16 tion I8 is formed of a plurality of panels or sections, the lower section being held in place by the clip' whilethe upper section is held by the supportl6.
  • is provided to serve as an additional insulating medium in the improved wall construction.
  • the outer wall In the lower portion ofthe outer wall, preferably a few inches from the. ground level, there are openings having oasings therei'n which are formed with a grill 22 over the outer face thereof for the admission of air into the chamber 2
  • the battle plate is formed with an upturned end portion which is provided to arrest or divert the entry of snow and rain into the chamber 2
  • a similar casingand grill 23 is provided in the upper porthe air fiows through the grill 22 and upwardly through the chamber 2
  • the openings in the base of the wall structure may be formed in the lower portion of the inner wall so that the circulatory airmay be drawn from the interior of the building.
  • the outer wall may be constructed to expose the chamber 2
  • a building wall structure comprising, an inner wall and an outer wall disposed in spaced relation with each other, a perforate partition intermediate said walls, an insulating material between one of said walls and said partion and supported thereby, the other of said walls having a plurality of air vents formed therein adjacent the bottom and top portions thereof and throughout the length of the wall for the circula tion of air over the surface of said perforate partition. 7 w
  • a building wall structure comprising, inner wall and an outer permeable wall disposed in spaced relation, a perforate partition intermediate said walls, a foraminous insulating material completely filling the space between the inner wall and the partition and closing said space to atmospheric circulation, the outer wall being open to atmosphere adjacent the top thereof and having a plurality of vents in its base portion for the dehydration of said foraminous insulating material.
  • a wall construction for buildings comprising, 1 a pair of spaced brick walls, tie members uniting said walls, an insulating board partition supported by said tie members and disposed between said walls, a fibrous insulating filler between said partition and one of said walls, the chamber formed 2 by the partition and the other of said wall being open at the top and bottom for the circulation of air therethrough.
  • a wall construction for buildings comprising, an inside wall, a permeable outside wall and 2 an intermediate perforate wall, each disposed in spaced parallel relation with the other, an absorbent insulating material in the space between the inside wall and the intermediate wall, conduits in said outside wall adjacent the top and 3 bottom thereof and means therein to deflect the air admitted therethrough upwardly through the chamber defined by the outside wall and intermediate wall to expedite evaporation of the moisture absorbed by saidinsulating material.
  • a wall construction comprising a load sustaining inside and outside walls disposed in spaced relation, 9. perforate partition intermediate said walls, a foraminous insulating material in the chamber defined by one of said walls and the 4 partition, the chamber defined by the other of said walls and the partition having openings in the top and bottom thereof for the circulation of air over and through said perforate wall and the insulating material retained thereby.
  • a wall structure embodying a pair of parallel spaced wall members, a perforate partition intermediate said wall members, tie bars uniting said wall members and constituting the support for said partition, a porous insulating material between one of said wall members and said partition, the other of said wall members having openings in the top and bottom thereof, the chamber defined by the last named wall member and said partition constituting in conjunction with said'openings a flue to induce a draft of air over and through said partition and said porous insulating material.

Description

Sept. 3, 1940. R. D. WOODWORTH 2,213,355
WALL CONSTRUCTION Filed Dec. 21, 1939 INVENTOR. BY R 0 Y 'Pl/ooDn/ozfi/ TM ATTORNEY.
Patented Sept. 3, 1940 UNITED STATES PATENT omen WALLUONSTRUCTION Roy 13. Woodworth, Rocky ltivea ohio Application December 21, 1939, sw rm. 310,265 s Claims. (01. 7216).
This inventionrelates to theart of insulation, and has particular reference to the thermal insulation of buildings and otheristructures.- An objection inherent in the construction of walls for buildings is the tendency to fill the space between the walls with an insulating material of some type which in time absorbs the moisture that penetrates through the outer wall. When this occurs the insulating material loses its effectiveness and also transmits moisture ,to the inner wall of the building where a great deal of damage may result. An object of this invention, therefore, is to provide an inner and outer wall of a building having a plurality of forms of insulation therebetween, for example, a mineral wool, a wall board and a circulating air chamber. 7 Another object of this invention is to provide a support for the partition and a'brace for the inner and outer walls of the building.
Another objector the invention is to provide inlet and outlet openings in the walls for the circulation of air therebetween.
Other objects and advantages more or less ancillary of the foregoing and the manner in g which all the various objects are realized will appear in the following description which, considered in connection with the accompanying drawing, sets forth the preferred embodiment of the invention.
Referring to the drawing wherein the preferred embodiment of the invention is illustrated:
Fig. 1 is a view in perspective of a fragmentary portion of the walls of a building embodying the present invention;
Fig. 2 is a transverse sectional view of a fragmentary portion of the improved building wall, the section being taken on a plane'indicated by the line 22 of Fig. 1; and
Fig. 3 is a perspective view of thetie bar and supporting member for the partition.
Referring first to Fig. l, the wall comprises an irmer wall In and an outer wall disposed in spaced parallel relation through the entire wall structure save only such portions thereof as are interrupted by windows, doors or similar passageways. As .shown, metal supports vor the .bars l3 are imbedded in the masonry at spaced intervals throughout the wall to assure the rigidity of the structure.
The tie bars J3 areoformed with lips II on the outer ends thereof which diverge from the plane of the body of the bar to key the end portions thereof in the mortar between adjacent bricks in the wall structure. Depending-lugs l5 are formed ,well known types. As shown herein, the parti- "I'his insulating material may be either blown virons.
on the bars l3 adjacent their ends for abutting engagement with the inner faces of the bricks in the parallel walls. The tie barsare further formed intermediate the ends. With clips or a wall board partition or frame work Id.
The partitiom I8 is erected during the construction of the masonry between the inner and outer walls of the building and 'is supported in 10 place by the clips in metal tie bars Has-shown in Figs. 1 and 2. This partition orwall may be formed of a pressed fiber or so called wall board or a cellular insulating material of any of the 16 tion I8 is formed of a plurality of panels or sections, the lower section being held in place by the clip' whilethe upper section is held by the supportl6. Since a plurality of the tie bars l3 are placed in the same horizontal plane in the two walls the upper panel of the partition ,II will rest in the upper support IS in spaced relation with the contiguous panel'thus forming an openinto the space between these two wallsor may be packed therein in the manner customarily employed in handling such materials in such en:-
The space between the outer wall II andthe partition l8 constituting a chamber 2| is provided to serve as an additional insulating medium in the improved wall construction.
In the lower portion ofthe outer wall, preferably a few inches from the. ground level, there are openings having oasings therei'n which are formed with a grill 22 over the outer face thereof for the admission of air into the chamber 2|. Rearward the grill work 22 in each of the casings there is a baiiie plate 24 which is inclined to defiect the air current upwardly in the chamber 2|. The baiile plate is formed with an upturned end portion which is provided to arrest or divert the entry of snow and rain into the chamber 2 A similar casingand grill 23 is provided in the upper porthe air fiows through the grill 22 and upwardly through the chamber 2| it will absorb the moisture penetrating through the outer wall, and the condensate accumulated upon the face of the partition I 8 or absorbed by the insulating material 20. Since the panels forming the partition H! are arranged with openings between the contiguous sections the insulating material 2|! supported thereby will be exposed to the circulatory air currents within the chamber and will be dehydrated before any deleterious efl'ects of moisture may occur, or before the efiiciency of the insulation materialis impaired.
The openings in the base of the wall structure may be formed in the lower portion of the inner wall so that the circulatory airmay be drawn from the interior of the building. Moreover, the outer wall may be constructed to expose the chamber 2| to atmosphere adjacent the top of the wall beneath the roof beams so as to afford an outlet for the circulatory air in the chamber 2| and thus eliminate the use of the casing 23.
Although the foregoing description is'necessarily of a detailed character, in order that the invention may be completely set forth, it is to be understood that the specific terminology is not intended to be restrictive or confining, and that various rearrangements of parts and modifications of detail may be resorted to without departing from the scope or spirit of the invention as herein claimed.
I claim:
1. A building wall structure comprising, an inner wall and an outer wall disposed in spaced relation with each other, a perforate partition intermediate said walls, an insulating material between one of said walls and said partion and supported thereby, the other of said walls having a plurality of air vents formed therein adjacent the bottom and top portions thereof and throughout the length of the wall for the circula tion of air over the surface of said perforate partition. 7 w
I 2. A building wall structure comprising, inner wall and an outer permeable wall disposed in spaced relation, a perforate partition intermediate said walls, a foraminous insulating material completely filling the space between the inner wall and the partition and closing said space to atmospheric circulation, the outer wall being open to atmosphere adjacent the top thereof and having a plurality of vents in its base portion for the dehydration of said foraminous insulating material.
tween one of said walls and said partition and grills disposed in and adjacent the bottom and top of the other of saidwall of masonry for the circulation of air' through the chamber formed by said wall and said partition. 5
' ing with atmosphere for the circulation of air over the surface of said perforate wall.
5. A wall construction for buildings comprising, 1 a pair of spaced brick walls, tie members uniting said walls, an insulating board partition supported by said tie members and disposed between said walls, a fibrous insulating filler between said partition and one of said walls, the chamber formed 2 by the partition and the other of said wall being open at the top and bottom for the circulation of air therethrough. V
6. A wall construction for buildings comprising, an inside wall, a permeable outside wall and 2 an intermediate perforate wall, each disposed in spaced parallel relation with the other, an absorbent insulating material in the space between the inside wall and the intermediate wall, conduits in said outside wall adjacent the top and 3 bottom thereof and means therein to deflect the air admitted therethrough upwardly through the chamber defined by the outside wall and intermediate wall to expedite evaporation of the moisture absorbed by saidinsulating material. 3
'7. A wall construction comprising a load sustaining inside and outside walls disposed in spaced relation, 9. perforate partition intermediate said walls, a foraminous insulating material in the chamber defined by one of said walls and the 4 partition, the chamber defined by the other of said walls and the partition having openings in the top and bottom thereof for the circulation of air over and through said perforate wall and the insulating material retained thereby.
8. A wall structure embodying a pair of parallel spaced wall members, a perforate partition intermediate said wall members, tie bars uniting said wall members and constituting the support for said partition, a porous insulating material between one of said wall members and said partition, the other of said wall members having openings in the top and bottom thereof, the chamber defined by the last named wall member and said partition constituting in conjunction with said'openings a flue to induce a draft of air over and through said partition and said porous insulating material.
ROY D. WOODWOBTH. 6
US310265A 1939-12-21 1939-12-21 Wall construction Expired - Lifetime US2213355A (en)

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Cited By (34)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2432445A (en) * 1943-05-12 1947-12-09 Albert Kahn Wall or roof tile
US2791117A (en) * 1951-10-15 1957-05-07 Bailey Forrest Cleburne Waterproof sheet and tie and masonry wall waterproofed therewith
US2919572A (en) * 1956-06-27 1960-01-05 Victor H Salzi Wall forming means
US3236016A (en) * 1962-05-07 1966-02-22 Timber Engineering Co Siding fastener
US3293810A (en) * 1964-05-22 1966-12-27 Monroe J Cox Combination wall tie, draft stop and drainage means for wall constructions
US3812635A (en) * 1972-03-02 1974-05-28 A Hala Method of fabricating a combination water and insulated wall assembly
US3849955A (en) * 1972-11-21 1974-11-26 Panokraft Corp Ltd Building panel connectors
US4033085A (en) * 1974-04-04 1977-07-05 Norman William Haines Brick tie
US4180956A (en) * 1977-04-06 1980-01-01 Fernand Gross Wall tie and a wall incorporating the wall tie
US4422271A (en) * 1980-04-25 1983-12-27 Hedwig Anzinger Double-walled masonry
US4584043A (en) * 1983-08-15 1986-04-22 Monte Riefler Insulated concrete block assembly and method of making the same
US4641473A (en) * 1985-12-23 1987-02-10 Trezza Ronald F Clip construction for wall arrangement
US4669240A (en) * 1984-07-09 1987-06-02 Giuseppe Amormino Precast reinforced concrete wall panels and method of erecting same
WO1987006640A1 (en) * 1986-04-26 1987-11-05 David John Jones Wall-ties
US4869038A (en) * 1987-10-19 1989-09-26 Dur-O-Wall Inc. Veneer wall anchor system
FR2678659A1 (en) * 1991-07-01 1993-01-08 Sogea Method for protection and cladding of a building facade, and corresponding building
US5228937A (en) * 1991-04-03 1993-07-20 National Brick Panel Systems, Inc. Method of making a brick panel
US5373676A (en) * 1992-09-28 1994-12-20 Francis; Steven R. Thin brick panel assembly
US5501049A (en) * 1992-09-28 1996-03-26 Francis; Steven R. Thin brick panel assembly
US5553435A (en) * 1994-12-09 1996-09-10 Eickhoff; Jon H. Block spacer system
US5598673A (en) * 1994-01-18 1997-02-04 Atkins; Mark R. Masonry cavity wall air space and weeps obstruction prevention system
US5860259A (en) * 1995-05-15 1999-01-19 Laska; Walter A. Masonry insulated board with integral drainage
US20030140588A1 (en) * 2002-01-28 2003-07-31 Sucato John D. Masonry wall insulation system
WO2004031503A1 (en) * 2002-10-01 2004-04-15 Fit Smart Building Componenets Limited Rib for a wall construction
ES2213454A1 (en) * 2002-05-30 2004-08-16 Croxon, S.L. Unit for isolating air chamber of building, has rigid plates and perforated part fixed in materials, which are bonded and glued on plates and to products through screws with help of cement and polyurethanes, acrylic resins and adhesives
US6802165B1 (en) 1999-03-26 2004-10-12 J. Kenneth Passeno Thin brick panel construction
US20050042040A1 (en) * 2001-08-13 2005-02-24 John Paulson Segmental block connection system
WO2006056383A1 (en) * 2004-11-25 2006-06-01 Deutsche Rockwool Mineralwoll Gmbh & Co. Ohg Method for providing insulation in a cavity, insulation in a cavity, packaging unit from insulating elements for an insulation of a cavity, insulating element to be fitted in a cavity and connecting element for connecting at least two insulating elements of an insulation in a cavity
US20060242921A1 (en) * 2005-04-14 2006-11-02 Massie Michael C Masonry cavity wall construction and method of making same
US7730685B1 (en) 2003-12-11 2010-06-08 Keene Building Products Co., Inc. Mortar and debris collection system for masonry cavity walls
US7743569B1 (en) 2004-04-30 2010-06-29 Chester Schwalenberg Support panel for thin brick
US8091846B1 (en) * 2008-10-14 2012-01-10 John D Britner Work supporting apparatus
JP2013189844A (en) * 2012-02-15 2013-09-26 Masuo Okouchi Attachment member used in reinforcement concrete block structure and reinforcement block masonry body in which attachment member is integrally assembled
WO2015097478A1 (en) * 2013-12-23 2015-07-02 Raymond Robinson T-beam saddle

Cited By (40)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2432445A (en) * 1943-05-12 1947-12-09 Albert Kahn Wall or roof tile
US2791117A (en) * 1951-10-15 1957-05-07 Bailey Forrest Cleburne Waterproof sheet and tie and masonry wall waterproofed therewith
US2919572A (en) * 1956-06-27 1960-01-05 Victor H Salzi Wall forming means
US3236016A (en) * 1962-05-07 1966-02-22 Timber Engineering Co Siding fastener
US3293810A (en) * 1964-05-22 1966-12-27 Monroe J Cox Combination wall tie, draft stop and drainage means for wall constructions
US3812635A (en) * 1972-03-02 1974-05-28 A Hala Method of fabricating a combination water and insulated wall assembly
US3849955A (en) * 1972-11-21 1974-11-26 Panokraft Corp Ltd Building panel connectors
US4033085A (en) * 1974-04-04 1977-07-05 Norman William Haines Brick tie
US4180956A (en) * 1977-04-06 1980-01-01 Fernand Gross Wall tie and a wall incorporating the wall tie
US4422271A (en) * 1980-04-25 1983-12-27 Hedwig Anzinger Double-walled masonry
US4584043A (en) * 1983-08-15 1986-04-22 Monte Riefler Insulated concrete block assembly and method of making the same
US4669240A (en) * 1984-07-09 1987-06-02 Giuseppe Amormino Precast reinforced concrete wall panels and method of erecting same
US4641473A (en) * 1985-12-23 1987-02-10 Trezza Ronald F Clip construction for wall arrangement
WO1987006640A1 (en) * 1986-04-26 1987-11-05 David John Jones Wall-ties
US4869038A (en) * 1987-10-19 1989-09-26 Dur-O-Wall Inc. Veneer wall anchor system
US5228937A (en) * 1991-04-03 1993-07-20 National Brick Panel Systems, Inc. Method of making a brick panel
US5311714A (en) * 1991-04-03 1994-05-17 National Brick Panel Systems, Inc. Brick panel apparatus
FR2678659A1 (en) * 1991-07-01 1993-01-08 Sogea Method for protection and cladding of a building facade, and corresponding building
US5526630A (en) * 1992-09-28 1996-06-18 Francis; Steven R. Method of producing a thin brick panel assembly
US5373676A (en) * 1992-09-28 1994-12-20 Francis; Steven R. Thin brick panel assembly
US5501049A (en) * 1992-09-28 1996-03-26 Francis; Steven R. Thin brick panel assembly
US5598673A (en) * 1994-01-18 1997-02-04 Atkins; Mark R. Masonry cavity wall air space and weeps obstruction prevention system
US5553435A (en) * 1994-12-09 1996-09-10 Eickhoff; Jon H. Block spacer system
US5860259A (en) * 1995-05-15 1999-01-19 Laska; Walter A. Masonry insulated board with integral drainage
US6802165B1 (en) 1999-03-26 2004-10-12 J. Kenneth Passeno Thin brick panel construction
US20050042040A1 (en) * 2001-08-13 2005-02-24 John Paulson Segmental block connection system
US20030140588A1 (en) * 2002-01-28 2003-07-31 Sucato John D. Masonry wall insulation system
ES2213454A1 (en) * 2002-05-30 2004-08-16 Croxon, S.L. Unit for isolating air chamber of building, has rigid plates and perforated part fixed in materials, which are bonded and glued on plates and to products through screws with help of cement and polyurethanes, acrylic resins and adhesives
GB2409472A (en) * 2002-10-01 2005-06-29 Fit Smart Building Components Rib for a wall construction
WO2004031503A1 (en) * 2002-10-01 2004-04-15 Fit Smart Building Componenets Limited Rib for a wall construction
GB2409472B (en) * 2002-10-01 2006-06-21 Fit Smart Building Components Rib for a wall construction
US20070068111A1 (en) * 2002-10-01 2007-03-29 Buntain Christopher Charles M Rib for a wall construction
US7730685B1 (en) 2003-12-11 2010-06-08 Keene Building Products Co., Inc. Mortar and debris collection system for masonry cavity walls
US7743569B1 (en) 2004-04-30 2010-06-29 Chester Schwalenberg Support panel for thin brick
WO2006056383A1 (en) * 2004-11-25 2006-06-01 Deutsche Rockwool Mineralwoll Gmbh & Co. Ohg Method for providing insulation in a cavity, insulation in a cavity, packaging unit from insulating elements for an insulation of a cavity, insulating element to be fitted in a cavity and connecting element for connecting at least two insulating elements of an insulation in a cavity
US20060242921A1 (en) * 2005-04-14 2006-11-02 Massie Michael C Masonry cavity wall construction and method of making same
US7735292B2 (en) * 2005-04-14 2010-06-15 Massie Michael C Masonry cavity wall construction and method of making same
US8091846B1 (en) * 2008-10-14 2012-01-10 John D Britner Work supporting apparatus
JP2013189844A (en) * 2012-02-15 2013-09-26 Masuo Okouchi Attachment member used in reinforcement concrete block structure and reinforcement block masonry body in which attachment member is integrally assembled
WO2015097478A1 (en) * 2013-12-23 2015-07-02 Raymond Robinson T-beam saddle

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