US2207162A - Boiler - Google Patents

Description

' J. F. Ross July 9, 1940.

BOILER Filed Jan. 4, 1938 3 Sheets-Sheet 1 J. F. ROSS July 9, 1940.

BOILER Filed Jan. 4, 1938- 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 fray/92221 .ise z 1 17055 flifarzaey Patented July 9, 1940 UNITE STATES BOILER Joseph F. Ross, Chicago, 111., assignor oi onehalf to James A. Ross. Chicago, Ill.

Application January 4, 1938, Serial No. 183,330

9 Claims. ((31.122-267) This invention relates to improvements in boilers.

One of the main objects of this invention is to provide a boiler having a comparatively large amount of heating surface exposed to the currents of heated gases, so thatthe contained water will be heated very rapidly and a high degree of efliciency will be attained with this boiler.

Another object of this iiivention is to provide a boiler which comprises among its water-containing members an intermediate header between a front header and a rear header, and this intermediate header has its front wall and its bottom and its rear wall exposed to the flow of i5 heated gases, for rapidly heating the contained Water.

A further object of this invention is to provide a boiler comprising along with its headers a plurality of 'water-carrying drums around the out- 5 side of which the currents of heated gases flow, and within the water in the drums a plurality of fire tubes are mounted thru which the heated currents also flow, thus providing a large area of heating surface for rapidly heating a certain quantity of water.

These and various other objects and advantages are attained with this invention, as will become apparent from the following description, taken in connection with the accompanyingdratw ings wherein the invention is shown in its preferred form, it being understood that other arrangements and forms of construction may be resorted to for carrying out the objects and purposes of this invention.

In the drawings:

- lg. 1 is a longitudinal vertical sectional view, taken on line l-l of Fig. 2. I

Fig. 2 is in part a front elevational view and in part a vertical sectional view.

43 Fig. 3 is a partial horizontal sectional view,

taken substantially on line 3-3 of Fig. i.

Fig. 4 is in part a rear elevational View and in part a vertical sectional view, taken substantially on line 4-4 of Fig, 3.

Fig. 5 is an enlarged sectional detail view, taken on line 5-5 of Fig. 4.

Fig. 6 is a horizontal sectional detail View, taken on line 6-I3- of Fig. 1.

Fig. 7 is a longitudinal vertical sectional-view of this type of boiler, but wherein the watercarrying drums and fire tubes therein are arranged in a slightly modified manner from that shown in Figs. 1 to 6.

This boiler may be made in one section or unit,

but where the boiler is a large one there it is communicating with the side jackets i2, as best preferably made in more than one section or unit,

'tudinal middle line, as best shown in Fig. 2. Each section of the boiler comprises a large drum mounted in the upper part thereof, and several 10 smaller drums mounted therebeneath, all being connected with the headers and thru them with the side jackets for circulating the water, andsaid drums and fire tubes being mounted over the firebox, adapted to have the currents of hot gases is flowing around the smaller drums and then along the larger drum, so as to expose a large area of heating surfaces to the heated gases. I-n'each form of boiler of this type an intermediate header is positioned to have the heat currents sweep 20 along its front face and its lower end and its rear face, and the fire tubes are extended thru the water in the drums, so that the heat currents next pass therethru in their travel to the smokestack, thus providing a large area of heating sur- 5 face and a rapidly heating and efficient boiler. The boilershown in Fig. 7 has its upper drum and the fire tubes therein continuing from the front header thru to the rear header, instead of ending in the intermediate header as shown 0 in Fig. 1.

Referring to the form shown in Figs. i. to 6 of the drawings the improved boiler comprises a front header Ill and a rear header H, providing the front and rear ends of the boiler, being con- 5 nected by and opening into the side jackets 52 which extend along the lower half of the boiler sides, all mounted together on a base l3 which serves as an ashpit in the usual manner. An intermediate header It has its sides joined to and i shown in Fig. 6. Its lower end is spaced above the base 13, and it is spaced rearward from a deflecting wall 15 which is supported on bracket means It on the base l3, and is located at the '4 rear of the grate ll of the firebox 18, as best shown in Fig. 1. A draft channel it) is thus provided between header i4 and wall 115.

Each section or unit of the boiler comprises a set of drums extending lengthwise of the boiler, 50 and in this disclosed construction the set comprises a large upper drum 20 mounted in the upper part of the unit and a plurality of smaller drums 21 mounted therebeneath, each drum having its front end secured water-tight, as by welding, in the rear wall of the front header l0, and having its rear end likewise secured in the front wall of the intermediate header M.

Fire tubes 22 extend thru the large drum Eli, and fire tubes 23 extend thru the several drums 2 I the number of tubes in each drum being determined by the relative sizes of the drums. Said tubes extend thru the drums and thru the connected headers and have their front and rear ends secured in said headers, as by beading said ends against the front and rear walls of the front and intermediate headers, respectively, as best shown at 24 in Figs. 1 and 5.

A conduit member 25, herein shown as a segmental drum (see Fig. 4), connects the upper part of the rear header H and the intermediate header l4, being placed upward of the fire tubes 23 and having the water-level extending therethru, as indicated at 26 in Fig. 1.

A water inlet pipe 2! is connected to the lower end of a header on each unit, and an outlet conduit 28 is connected to the upper part of a header and it preferably includes a pair of branches connected to the rear headers ii of the pair of units, as shown in Fig. 3.

A smoke chamber 29 is provided between the rear header H and the intermediate header M, at the rear of the fire tubes 28 and 2|. A smoke chamber 36, in the form of a smoke box, is mounted at the upper front part of the front header I0, in front of said fire tubes, and has a door 3| thereon, providing access to the tubes for cleaning the same. The Smokestack 32 extends from chamber 30, in this form of boiler.

The boiler Wall is arranged to provide access to the sides of the drums for repairing the same, and for this purpose the side walls above the side jackets l2 are constructed from fire resistingmaterial 32, such as fire brick, and have insulating material 33 placed on the outer side thereof, all of which is adapted to be removed. Covering material 3 1 is also placed over the crown part of the boiler, and a metal covering member or cap 35 is mounted over the layers of material 32, 33 and 34, on each unit or section of the boiler. Said members 35 are secured together at the top, as shown at 33, and the lower end of each member 35 is secured to the side jacket If, as shown at 3'! in Fig. 2. Said member 35 and the materials 34, 33 and 32 extend the length of the boiler and can be removed from either unit to provide an opening in either side of the boiler; and the outward drum 2! is placed lower than the inwaid drum to provide accessibility thereto thru said opening. Fire resisting material 38 is mounted between the upper parts of the upper drums 2G to close the space therebetween, and similar material 39 is mounted between the short conduits 25, as shown in the drawings.

The burning gases will thus flow from the firebox IB up around the several lower drums 2| and along the bottom and the sides of the upper drum 28, then down along the front of the intermediateheader H and thru the channel it, then .*round the bottom of said header and along its rear wall upwardly in smoke chamber 29, and then forwards thru tubes 23 and 22 into smoke chamber 39 and the smokestack 32. This exposes a large area of heating surface to the currents of heated gases, first by means of the exterior surfaces of the drums which contain the water therein, and second by means of the intermediate header around the front and the bottom and rear of which the gases fiow, and third by means of the tubes which are positioned within the water contained in the drums and thru which the gases flow.

The form of construction described above is best adapted where there is only a low headroom for installing the boiler. In this form the heated gases, after passing around the drums and around the intermediate header, then pass forwardly in the same direction thru all of the fire tubes, as indicated by the arrows shown within the tubes in Fig. 1. Where more headroom is available for installing the boiler and it can be built higher there the arrangement shown in Fig. 7 is suitable, and therein the heated gases move first forwardly thru the tubes in the smaller lower drums, and then flow rearwardly thru the tubes of the larger upper drums of each unit.

The construction shown in Fig. 7 comprises front and rear headers l0 and II, and the intermediate header [4, all joined at their sides to the side jackets l2 and in open communication therewith. It also comprises the larger upper drums 2B and the smaller lower drums 25' supported in headers l0 and I4, and being positioned above the firebox I8 and the deflecting wall l5. In this construction the heat currents flow around the drums and along the intermediate header l thru the rear chamber 29, and then flow forwardly thru the fire tubes 23 into the front smoke chamber 30'. Therefrom the currents then flow rearwardly thru the fire tubes 22' into the outlet or stack 32" which is positioned at the rear of the boiler. In this form a large drum portion 40 is used to connect the upper ends of the rear header H and the intermediate header l l', in place of the segmental drum 25 shown in Fig. 1. The tubes 22 herein extend thru the drum 2!) and likewise thru this rear drum 6i], and also thru all the headers, and they have their rear ends beaded against the rear wall of the rear header II, as shown in Fig. 7. The water inlet 21' is positioned at the lower end of the rear header II, as in the preceding form; while the outlet 28 may be similarly positioned at the upper end of a header, and is preferably placed at the upper end of the front header it as shown in Fig. 7.

I claim:

1. A boiler comprising a firebox having a deflecting member at its rear, a front header and a rear header at the front and the rear of the boiler, an intermediate header having its lower end spaced above the floor of the boiler and rearward from the deflecting member, side water jackets connecting said headers, a plurality of drums having their ends secured in the adjacent walls of the front header and of the intermediate header to have their interiors communicating therewith, fire tubes extending thru the drums and having their ends secured in the outward walls of said front header and intermediate header, a smoke chamber between the intermediate header and the rear header, a smoke chamber at the-front of the front header and the tubes and provided with a smoke outlet thereon, conduit means above the rear smoke chamber to connect the interiors of the rear header and the intermediate header, all. of said headers opening directly and fully .into the upper space in said conduit means and said drums adapted to discharge steam freely thereto, whereby the currents of heated gases pass around the drums and aroundthe front wall and the bot;- tom and rear wall of the intermediate header and then forwardly thru allof the tubes to the front smoke chamber and to said outlet. :1:

2. The subject matter set forth in claim 1, wherein the wall part above the side jackets, along the length of the drums, comprises fireproof material and a metal covering cap thereover, adapted to be removed to provide access to the drums for repair.

3. The subject matter set forth in claim 1, wherein said drums comprise a large upper drum containing substantially one-half of the fire tubes, and several smaller drums mounted therebeneath and each containing several fire tubes, and the heat currents flow around the smaller drums and along the lower part of the larger drum.

4. A boiler comprising a front header and a rear header extending the height of the boiler, an intermediate header therebetween having its lower end spaced above the base of the boiler, side jackets connected with the lower parts of said headers, having their interiors communicating, water-carrying drums supported in and connecting the interiors of the front header and the intermediate header, fire tubes extending thru the drums and thru said two headers, ashort drum connecting the interior upper parts of said intermediate header and rear header, a smoke chamber at the rear of the tubes. between the rear and intermediate headers and beneath said short drum, a smoke chamber at the front of the front header and tubes, and a firebox below the drums, whereby the heated gases from the firebox pass around the drums and along the front wall and bottom and rear wall of the intermediate header and up along the rear header and from the rear smoke chamber thru the tubes into the front smoke chamber and along the front header.

5. A boiler comprising a base and a firebox thereon having a deflecting wall at its rear, several similar boiler sections combined upon said base and firebox and being separable to facilitate installation, each section comprising a front and a rear header and an intermediate header therebetween, side jacket means operatively connect ing said headers, water carrying drums in each section including a larger upper drum providing an upper steam space therein and a plurality of smaller lower drums therebeneath having their ends operatively mounted in the front header and the intermediate header, fire tubes extending thru said drums and thru the connected headers, drum means provided with an upper steam space connecting the upper parts of said intermediate header and rear header, smoke chambers at the ends of said tubes, Whereby the gases from the firebox fiow around the drums and around the intermediate header and thru the tubes forwardly to the front smoke chamber.

6. A boiler comprising a firebox having a deflecting member at its rear, a front header and a rear header at the front and at the rear of the boiler, an intermediate header having its lower ends spaced above the base of the boiler and spaced rearward of said deflecting member, drum means connecting the upper interior parts of the three headers, smaller drums below said drum means connecting the interior parts of the front and the intermediate headers, fire tubes extending thru said smaller drums and said front and intermediate headers, a rear smoke chamber at the rear of said tubes and said intermediate header, fire tubes extending thru said upper drum means and thru all'of the headers, and a front smoke chamber at the front of all of said fire tubes, whereby the heated gases from the firebox will passaround. the smaller drums and along the drum means, around the front and bottom and rear of the intermediate header, thru the fire tubes in the smaller drum means, thru thefront smoke chamber, and then rearwardly thru the upper fire'tubes cut of the boiler.

'7. A boiler comprising a firebox having a defleeting member arising at its rear end, a front header and a rear header at the front and the rear of the boiler, an intermediate header having its lower end spaced above the base of the boiler and spaced rearward of said deflecting member, drum means connecting and having full and free communication with the upper parts of the three headers, providing a space for steam in the upper portion thereof and including a large drum, fire tubes extending thru said large drum, smaller drums below said large drums and connecting the interior parts of the front and the intermediate headers, fire tubes extending thru said'smaller drums and thru said front and intermediate headers, a front smoke chamber at the front of the front header, and a rear smoke chamber between the intermediate and the rear headers, whereby the heated gases from the firebox will pass around the smaller drums and along the larger drum, along the front and the bottom and the rear of the intermediate header, and thru the fire tubes, providing a maximum area of heating surface for rapidly heating the contained water and also releasing the created steam freely into said upper steam space.

8. A boiler comprising a firebox and interconnected water containing means including a header at the front and a header at the rear of the firebox, a large drum connecting the interiors of the upper parts of said headers and providing an upper steam space therein whereto the steam flows directly and freely from the headers, smaller drums similarly connecting said headers and mounted spaced at different elevations below the larger drum, the lower one being outward from the one above it, a side water jacket connected with said headers and extending alongside the firebox and up to the lower drum, a top over the drums, side wall means of fire resisting material closing the space between said top and said water jacket, being at the outside of said drums and readily removable, to provide full accessibility from the exterior of the boiler to all of said drums, fire tubes extending thru said drums and headers, and smoke chambers at the front and at the rear of said tubes, whereby the heated gases will pass from the firebox around the smaller drums and along the larger drum and around one of said headers and then thru the fire tubes, thereby providing a comparatively large heating surface and releasing the steam freely into said upper steam space.

9. The subject matter set forth in claim 8, wherein said side wall means comprises an inner layer of fire brick and an outer layer of heat insulating means, and a metal cap is removably of the boiler.

JOSEPH F. ROSS.

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