US2205297A - X-ray tube - Google Patents

X-ray tube Download PDF

Info

Publication number
US2205297A
US2205297A US285816A US28581639A US2205297A US 2205297 A US2205297 A US 2205297A US 285816 A US285816 A US 285816A US 28581639 A US28581639 A US 28581639A US 2205297 A US2205297 A US 2205297A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
anode
foil
target
channel
window
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US285816A
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Lenz Kurt
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
General Electric Co
Original Assignee
General Electric Co
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by General Electric Co filed Critical General Electric Co
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US2205297A publication Critical patent/US2205297A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J35/00—X-ray tubes
    • H01J35/02—Details
    • H01J35/16—Vessels; Containers; Shields associated therewith
    • H01J35/18—Windows
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J2235/00—X-ray tubes
    • H01J2235/12—Cooling
    • H01J2235/1204—Cooling of the anode
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J2235/00—X-ray tubes
    • H01J2235/12—Cooling
    • H01J2235/1225—Cooling characterised by method
    • H01J2235/1262—Circulating fluids
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J2235/00—X-ray tubes
    • H01J2235/16—Vessels
    • H01J2235/165—Shielding arrangements
    • H01J2235/168—Shielding arrangements against charged particles

Definitions

  • the anode In order to avoidthe possibility of damage to the envelope due tofthis cause it is known to place the target at the inner end y.of a relatively long channel leading into the interior of the anode so that the target is substantially enclosed by theanode material.
  • the anode In order to prevent escape of electrons, while permitting'X-rays to leave in the desired direction, the anode is providedwith an outlet channel which is covered at its outer end by a kso-callect window, such window consisting of a metal layer of such thickness as to intercept high velocity electrons ⁇ .
  • Fig. l represents a longitudinal sectional View of an anode embodying the invention
  • Fig. 2 is a transverse sectional View of the anode of Fig. 1
  • Fig. 3 shows schematically the incorporation of the anode of Fig. 1 in a complete X-ray tube.
  • FIG. 1 there is shown a portion of an X-ray tubeancde designated by the numeral l.
  • This anode is of a relatively massive construction and consists preferably of a highly conducting metal such as copper. At one end the anode is. provided with an openended channel 2 which leads into the interior of the anode structure.
  • an inclined target 3 which may consist for example, of av disk of a refractory metal such as tungsten set into the body of the anode.
  • This target y is adapted to receive the vimpingement of a beam (E) of' high velocity electrons.V Itmay be cooled by the provision of means such as an inlet pipe 5 for circulating cooling fiuid into contact with a portion of the anode structure which is in good heatv exchanging relation With the target.
  • means such as an inlet pipe 5 for circulating cooling fiuid into contact with a portion of the anode structure which is in good heatv exchanging relation With the target.
  • the anode is provided with a second channelt which'exjtends from the vicinity of the target outwardly toward the exterior of the anode.
  • this channel there is projected exteriorly of the anode an electron beam which has a region of major intensity within the angle A-B and a penumbral region CL-D.
  • the outer opening of the channel is covered by. means of a relativelyy thin'metal foil 8.
  • This foil is preferably constituted of a metal such as tantalum which is capable of operating without. evaporation at extremely high temperatures, say, on the'order of two thousand degrees centigrade or above. It is secured Ito the main body of the anode by being soldered or otherwise joined thereto at the. peripheral region a.. Y
  • .means are provided for shielding a perimetricallyextending region of the foil from directradiations proceeding from the target 3.
  • ther inner wall of the channel 6 is cut away as inthe foil which is shielded by the anode structure without being in contact therewith.
  • a relatively considerable temperature drop may occur between the central portion b-b of the foilvand that part of the foil which is in direct contact withk the anode metal. Consequently, even though ⁇ the central portion of the foil may be operating at a temperature above two thousand degrees centi- 55 grade, the outer edges of the .foil will be at a temperature below the melting point of copper.
  • Fig. 2 shows the window arrangement Aas viewed in another plane.
  • the foil 8 may be greater than that which would be provided, for example, by a at surface, it is preferred that the foil vbe'imade to follow the outer cylindrical contour 'of the anode surface as shown. It will be understood vthat the window as a whole is of generally 'cir cular shape. ,7:
  • anode I is shown in Fig. 3 in its normal relation Hto the other parts of an ,X-ray tube.
  • the anode -isY supported at one extremity of a glass envelope I-Ii by means of aglass-to--metal seal indicated at 1I I.
  • a cathode comprising an electron-emittingv nlament I2.
  • This filament is ypositioned in a slot I3 provided in a metallic focusing element I4, the latter element being in turn supported by means of a metallic cylinder ,mounted .on n.
  • saidwindow arrangement comprising a relatively thin foil of a refractory metal having a meltingl temperature materially above that of the material of which the main bodyV of the anode is constituted and at least on the order of 2,000 degrees centigrade, whereby the foil may be heated to a temperature of effective heat radiation Without vaporization thereof, the saidy foil being joined at its outer edges to the main body of the anode so as to close the electrons, thereby to prevent such portion of the .foil from attaining a temperature in excess of the melting point of the anode material and thus producing vaporization of the contiguous parts of the anode structure.
  • Xeray tube including a cathode, an anode havingA anlopen-ended channel directed toward saidcathGde, an X-ray-producing target positioned within said anode at the inner extremity of" said channel, a second channel extending from the vicinity of said target toward the exterior of the anode ina region of desired X-ray emission and a window arrangement for preventing.
  • said Window arrangement comprising a relatively thin foil of a refractory metal having a melting temperature materially above that ofthe material of which the main body of theanode is constituted and at least on the order of 2,000 degrees centigrade, whereby the foil may be heated to a temperature of effective heat radiation without vaporization thereof, the said foil being joined at its outer edges to the mainrbody of the.
  • anode so as to close the outer end of the channel, and means extending inwardly from the wall'of the channel at a point displaced from the foil for shielding a perimetrically extending portion ofthe foil from direct radiations from said target, thereby to prevent such portion of the foil from attaining a temperature in excess of the melting point of the anode material and thus producing vaporization of the contiguous parts of the anode structure.
  • An X-ray tube according to claim 1 characterized bythe fact that the surface ofthe window foil is blackened or roughened tov increase KURT LENZ.

Landscapes

  • X-Ray Techniques (AREA)
US285816A 1938-07-23 1939-07-21 X-ray tube Expired - Lifetime US2205297A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE2205297X 1938-07-23

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US2205297A true US2205297A (en) 1940-06-18

Family

ID=7989988

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US285816A Expired - Lifetime US2205297A (en) 1938-07-23 1939-07-21 X-ray tube

Country Status (2)

Country Link
US (1) US2205297A (US07122603-20061017-C00294.png)
NL (1) NL55461C (US07122603-20061017-C00294.png)

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2496112A (en) * 1941-11-20 1950-01-31 Hartford Nat Bank & Trust Co X-ray tube
US2663812A (en) * 1950-03-04 1953-12-22 Philips Lab Inc X-ray tube window
US2688709A (en) * 1949-11-12 1954-09-07 Westinghouse Electric Corp X-ray anode and method of making same by electric welding
US2836764A (en) * 1952-01-29 1958-05-27 Raytheon Mfg Co Magnetron output coupling devices
FR2363258A1 (fr) * 1976-08-30 1978-03-24 Machlett Lab Inc Generateur de faisceau de rayons x
EP0459567A2 (de) * 1990-05-26 1991-12-04 Philips Patentverwaltung GmbH Strahlenquelle für quasimonochromatische Röntgenstrahlung

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2496112A (en) * 1941-11-20 1950-01-31 Hartford Nat Bank & Trust Co X-ray tube
US2688709A (en) * 1949-11-12 1954-09-07 Westinghouse Electric Corp X-ray anode and method of making same by electric welding
US2663812A (en) * 1950-03-04 1953-12-22 Philips Lab Inc X-ray tube window
US2836764A (en) * 1952-01-29 1958-05-27 Raytheon Mfg Co Magnetron output coupling devices
FR2363258A1 (fr) * 1976-08-30 1978-03-24 Machlett Lab Inc Generateur de faisceau de rayons x
EP0459567A2 (de) * 1990-05-26 1991-12-04 Philips Patentverwaltung GmbH Strahlenquelle für quasimonochromatische Röntgenstrahlung
EP0459567A3 (en) * 1990-05-26 1992-01-02 Philips Patentverwaltung Gmbh Source for quasi-monochromatic x-ray beam

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
NL55461C (US07122603-20061017-C00294.png)

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
JP3988167B2 (ja) 熱移動装置を有するｘ線発生装置
US6115454A (en) High-performance X-ray generating apparatus with improved cooling system
GB1183145A (en) Heat Exchanger for Electron Tubes
JP2005527067A5 (US07122603-20061017-C00294.png)
US2205297A (en) X-ray tube
US2665390A (en) Anode target
US2790102A (en) X-ray tube anode
JP2001319606A (ja) Ｘ線管蒸気チャンバ・ターゲット
JP4019431B2 (ja) グリッドを有する電子銃
US2468942A (en) X-ray tube cooling apparatus
US2124224A (en) Electronic tube
US2671867A (en) Electrode structure for x-ray tubes
US3426230A (en) Direct radiation cooling of the collector of linear beam tubes
US1953813A (en) X-ray tube
US2919362A (en) Stabilized x-ray generator
US2764706A (en) Hooded anode x-ray tube with tilted target
US1714975A (en) X-ray anode
US2229152A (en) Rotary anode X-ray tube
US3165658A (en) Directly-cooled x-ray tube anode
US3124710A (en) X-ray tubes
US2836747A (en) X-ray tube cathode
US1684263A (en) Hot-cathode device
US2797350A (en) X-ray tube
US1626687A (en) X-ray-tube radiator
US3153738A (en) Cooling system for anode sections separated by cylindrical X-ray window