US2203896A - Electric incandescent lamp - Google Patents

Electric incandescent lamp Download PDF

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Publication number
US2203896A
US2203896A US237334A US23733438A US2203896A US 2203896 A US2203896 A US 2203896A US 237334 A US237334 A US 237334A US 23733438 A US23733438 A US 23733438A US 2203896 A US2203896 A US 2203896A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
lamp
zirconium
bodies
temperature
bulb
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US237334A
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English (en)
Inventor
Boer Jan Hendrik De
Elenbaas Willem
Eduard G Dorgelo
Hendricus J Lemmens
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
General Electric Co
Original Assignee
General Electric Co
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by General Electric Co filed Critical General Electric Co
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US2203896A publication Critical patent/US2203896A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01K—ELECTRIC INCANDESCENT LAMPS
    • H01K1/00—Details
    • H01K1/52—Means for obtaining or maintaining the desired pressure within the vessel
    • H01K1/54—Means for absorbing or absorbing gas, or for preventing or removing efflorescence, e.g. by gettering
    • H01K1/56—Means for absorbing or absorbing gas, or for preventing or removing efflorescence, e.g. by gettering characterised by the material of the getter

Definitions

  • Our invention relates in general to electric incandescent lamps comprising a tungsten or other refractory metal filament mounted within a sealed envelope containing a gaseous filling. More particularly, our invention relates to so-called getters"- for such lamps.
  • lamps with an operating pressure exceeding 4 atmospheres shall be capable of withstanding the high wall temperatures which result, on the one hand, from the high temperature at which the filament is operated. and on the other hand from the fact that the bulb of such lamps is made considerably smaller than those of ordinary incandescent lamps, they are provided, as a: rule, with a bulb made of quartz or of a hard type of glass.
  • the manufacture of the bulb of quartz frequently gives rise to dimculties which cause, among other things, a relatively large quantity of impurities in the quartz.
  • the degasification customary in the manufacture of the lamp as a rule does not have the result that all traces of gas,
  • One object of our invention is to provide a getter which will effectively absorb the residual gases in an electric incandescent lamp to thereby reduce blackening of the .lamp bulb and also to prevent failure of the lamp on account of the attack of the filament by water vapor.
  • Another object of our invention is the provision of a gas-filled electric incandescent lamp with a getter consisting of at least two separate bodies of getter material located at different points within the lamp bulb such that the different temperatures attained by the getter bodies, during operation of the lamp, approximates those temperatures at which the absorption of certain types of gas traces or impurities by the getter material is a maximum.
  • Still another object of our invention is the provision of a gas-filled electric incandescent lamp with a getter consisting of at least two bodies of metallic zirconium located at different points within the lamp bulb such that the temperature attained by at least one of said bodies during lamp operation corresponds to approximately 500 C. at which temperature the absorption of hydrogen by the zirconium is a maximum, and the temperature attained by at least one other of said bodies corresponds approximately to 700 C. at which temperature the absorption of oxygen by the zirconiumds a maximum.
  • the invention provides the possibility of absorbing the impurities or traces of gas in a suitable and effective manner in an incandescent lamp of the previously'mentioned type, the bulb of which contains a gaseous filling such as krypton, xenon, argon or nitrogen in certain cases in addition to the vapor of a material vaporized during the operation of the lamp.
  • a gaseous filling such as krypton, xenon, argon or nitrogen
  • zirconium absorbs traces of gas or impurities in different ways at difierent temperatures. Specifically, the applicants have discovered that zirconium will absorb different materials most effectively at temperatures that differ from each other.
  • the lamp according to the invention is based on this knowledge. It is characterized by the fact that in a space of the lamp in which a temperature drop exists, bodies of zirconium are arranged in such a way that the temperature which is attained by each of thesebodies, during lamp operation, corresponds to that temperature at which the absorption of a certain trace of gas or of a certain impurity by the zirconium is a maximum.
  • the gas traces which are to be removed from the gas filling and which might have a detrimental influence on the action of the lamp are automatically and effectively absorbed by the zirconium.
  • the bulb is made of quartz. then it is possible to de-gasify the bulb during the manufacture of the lamp at a temperature of approximately 1000 C. Apparently zirconium becomes particularly effective at this temperature.
  • the bodies of zirconium are, to
  • the bodies of zirconium are arranged in a space oi the lamp which has a temperature drop.
  • zirconium at a temperature of approximate- 1y 500 C. particularly absorbs hydrogen, while at a temperature of approximately 700 C. it particularly absorbs oxygen. Since these two gases are the main impurities that occur in the gas filling, it is, ingcneral, possible to arrange bodies of zirconium in the indicated space at the two points at which the "circulating gases have approximately the indicated temperatures.
  • the above-mentioned zirconium parts are arranged on one of the current supply wires.
  • the electric incandescent lamp there shown comprises a bulb or envelope I of quartz, a pair of leading-in or current supply wires 2, 3, and a double-coiled filament 4, of tungsten or other refractory metal, Y mounted within the envelope l on said leading-in wires and connected thereto.
  • the envelope is filled with a gas filling consisting of krypton and nitrogen to a pressure such that the operating pressure in the lamp is approximately 25 atmospheres.
  • Two bodies of zirconium are arranged on the supply wire 2. In the space of the bulb there exists, figured from the bottom to the top, such a temperature drop that the body of zirconium 5 will attain a temperature of approximately 700 C. and the body i a temperature of approximately 500 C.
  • the zirconium bodies 5 and 6 will respectively absorb the oxygen and hydrogen traces that are present in the lamp and which may be liberated from the quartz of the bulb. These traces otherwise would exert a very damaging influence on the properties of the lamp. It is obvious that, if desired, the arrangement of the bodies of zirconium may be suitably changed if it should be found that at another temperature than those mentioned above, a different impurity can be better absorbed from the gas filling. The temperature of the zirconium bodies can be regulated at will by the arrangementof the said zirconium parts on the current supply wires.
  • the illustration shows that the bodies of zirconium are arranged on one of the current supply wires. In certain cases it is possible to arrange these parts in the bulb on a special supporting rod or in some other way. Also, instead of only two bodies of zirconium within the lamp, three or more separate bodies may be employed, if desired, these bodies being so arranged within the lamp as to attain the desired temperature during lamp operation.
  • 'An electric incandescent lamp comprising an envelope containing a gas fillin" a r'lractory metal filament mounted withi-n sa and at least two bodies of etallic ziichi'um arranged within said envelop in a ifiwhich a temperature drop exists, said 'bodis be'iiigf' located at such points that the'temperatur'emttained by at least one of said bodies corresponds to a minimum of approximately lofl 'fifianii the temperature attained by at least jor'ie -"other of said bodies corresponds to a-maximum -of" 'approximately 500 C.

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  • Resistance Heating (AREA)
  • Vessels And Coating Films For Discharge Lamps (AREA)
US237334A 1937-11-29 1938-10-27 Electric incandescent lamp Expired - Lifetime US2203896A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE208438X 1937-11-29

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US2203896A true US2203896A (en) 1940-06-11

Family

ID=5794241

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US237334A Expired - Lifetime US2203896A (en) 1937-11-29 1938-10-27 Electric incandescent lamp

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US2203896A (en)van)
BE (1) BE431317A (en)van)
CH (1) CH208438A (en)van)
FR (1) FR846696A (en)van)
GB (1) GB502078A (en)van)

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2749462A (en) * 1952-05-31 1956-06-05 Gen Electric High pressure mercury vapor lamp with zirconium getter
US3133224A (en) * 1960-11-25 1964-05-12 Gen Electric Electric discharge device
US3149716A (en) * 1959-09-29 1964-09-22 Dick Co Ab Evaporator vacuum pump
US3167678A (en) * 1961-06-19 1965-01-26 Gen Electric Getter operating at various temperatures to occlude various gases
US20150161839A1 (en) * 2012-05-18 2015-06-11 Proindumar S.L. Self-turning device with the ability to mix and identify balls, located in a portable compartment with auxiliary control elements

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2659609A1 (de) * 1976-12-30 1978-07-20 Patra Patent Treuhand Elektrische gluehlampe
US5128106A (en) * 1990-07-12 1992-07-07 Gte Products Corporation Lamp with an oxygen detector

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2749462A (en) * 1952-05-31 1956-06-05 Gen Electric High pressure mercury vapor lamp with zirconium getter
US3149716A (en) * 1959-09-29 1964-09-22 Dick Co Ab Evaporator vacuum pump
US3133224A (en) * 1960-11-25 1964-05-12 Gen Electric Electric discharge device
US3167678A (en) * 1961-06-19 1965-01-26 Gen Electric Getter operating at various temperatures to occlude various gases
US20150161839A1 (en) * 2012-05-18 2015-06-11 Proindumar S.L. Self-turning device with the ability to mix and identify balls, located in a portable compartment with auxiliary control elements
US9741192B2 (en) * 2012-05-18 2017-08-22 Proindumar, S.L. Self-turning device with the ability to mix and identify balls, located in a portable compartment with auxiliary control elements

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB502078A (en) 1939-03-10
CH208438A (de) 1940-01-31
FR846696A (fr) 1939-09-21
BE431317A (en)van)

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