US2200854A - Electrical contact - Google Patents
Electrical contact Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US2200854A US2200854A US271346A US27134639A US2200854A US 2200854 A US2200854 A US 2200854A US 271346 A US271346 A US 271346A US 27134639 A US27134639 A US 27134639A US 2200854 A US2200854 A US 2200854A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- silver
- vanadium pentoxide
- contacts
- copper
- contact
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H1/00—Contacts
- H01H1/02—Contacts characterised by the material thereof
- H01H1/021—Composite material
- H01H1/023—Composite material having a noble metal as the basic material
- H01H1/0237—Composite material having a noble metal as the basic material and containing oxides
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10S428/922—Static electricity metal bleed-off metallic stock
- Y10S428/9265—Special properties
- Y10S428/929—Electrical contact feature
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T29/00—Metal working
- Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
- Y10T29/49002—Electrical device making
- Y10T29/49117—Conductor or circuit manufacturing
- Y10T29/49204—Contact or terminal manufacturing
- Y10T29/49206—Contact or terminal manufacturing by powder metallurgy
Definitions
- This invention relates to electrical contacts, specifically to copper or silver base contacts.
- the art discloses silver contacts containing a relatively high melting point oxide, such as lead oxide or thallium oxide, added to reduce arcing and tendency to stick.
- a relatively high melting point oxide such as lead oxide or thallium oxide
- Such oxides after sintering of the contact have usually remained in the contact as localized particles, the distribution depending upon initial grain size and extent of intermixing prior to pressing.
- the present invention comprises generally a copper or silver contact employing an electrically conductive oxide fusible at a temperature below the sintering or melting point of the metal to which it is added.
- the preferred oxide is vanadium pentoxide, which unlike lead oxide or thallium oxide previously suggested in the art, is conductive. This quality avoids the possibility of insulating local areas in the contact.
- the vanadium pentoxide is preferably added to the silver or copper in powdered form, the mixed materials being reduced to fine mesh size and ball milled for a sufficient length of time to insure uniform distribution.
- the mixed powders are then preferably pressed into contacts which can be heated to the melting point of the vanadium pentoxide, which at 690 C. will flow between the granules of silver or copper and afford a uniform distribution and bonding action.
- the vanadium pentoxide is preferably present in the proportions of about .1% to The preferred range is between 1% and 5%.
- An example of a silver base contact especially useful for a number of applications is one containing 98% silver and 2% vanadium pentoxide.
- the sintered silver vanadium pentoxide contacts are harder than the sintered silver contacts. I attribute this to crystal structure and efiect at the grain boundaries of the silver of the vanadium pentoxide film which forms on the silver particles when the contact is heated up to the melting point of the vanadium pentoxide.
- the percent of vanadium pentoxide added to the silver or copper will vary with the size of the powdered metal grains, the service to which 5 the contacts are to be applied, etc.
- the vanadium pentoxide is the only oxide of vanadium which is suitable for the purposes of this invention, the addition of other oxides of vanadium to silver or copper contacts not producing similar or desirable results.
- While the invention is specifically directed to contacts of silver or copper containing a relatively small proportion of vanadium pentoxide it is recognized that other elements may be added 35 to the silver or copper, or that the silver and copper may be alloyed, in order to reduce the cost of the contact, and that the term silver base" or copper base” contact when used herein will cover compositions of silver and copper with other metals.
- the vanadium pentoxide will also act as a conductive binder for graphite or other conductive forms of carbon and contacts made therefrom will be found useful in a number of applications. Carbon-vanadium pentoxide contacts are much harder than carbon contacts and are also much stronger and more durable.
- An electric contact composed of a contact material characterized by the addition of a relatively small amount of vanadium pentoxide.
- a silver base electrical contact containing from .1% to 10% vanadium pentoxide.
- a copper base electrical contact containing from .1 to 10% vanadium pentoxide- 5.
- a silver base electrical contact containing from about 1% to about 5% vanadium pentoxide.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Composite Materials (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Contacts (AREA)
Description
Patented ay 14, 1940 No Drawing. Application May 2,1989, Serial No. 271,346
Claims.
This invention relates to electrical contacts, specifically to copper or silver base contacts.
The art discloses silver contacts containing a relatively high melting point oxide, such as lead oxide or thallium oxide, added to reduce arcing and tendency to stick. Such oxides after sintering of the contact have usually remained in the contact as localized particles, the distribution depending upon initial grain size and extent of intermixing prior to pressing.
The present invention comprises generally a copper or silver contact employing an electrically conductive oxide fusible at a temperature below the sintering or melting point of the metal to which it is added. The preferred oxide is vanadium pentoxide, which unlike lead oxide or thallium oxide previously suggested in the art, is conductive. This quality avoids the possibility of insulating local areas in the contact. The vanadium pentoxide is preferably added to the silver or copper in powdered form, the mixed materials being reduced to fine mesh size and ball milled for a sufficient length of time to insure uniform distribution. The mixed powders are then preferably pressed into contacts which can be heated to the melting point of the vanadium pentoxide, which at 690 C. will flow between the granules of silver or copper and afford a uniform distribution and bonding action.
The vanadium pentoxide is preferably present in the proportions of about .1% to The preferred range is between 1% and 5%. An example of a silver base contact especially useful for a number of applications is one containing 98% silver and 2% vanadium pentoxide.
In addition to its bonding action and its quality of being electrically conductive, the sintered silver vanadium pentoxide contacts are harder than the sintered silver contacts. I attribute this to crystal structure and efiect at the grain boundaries of the silver of the vanadium pentoxide film which forms on the silver particles when the contact is heated up to the melting point of the vanadium pentoxide.
The percent of vanadium pentoxide added to the silver or copper will vary with the size of the powdered metal grains, the service to which 5 the contacts are to be applied, etc.
The vanadium pentoxide is the only oxide of vanadium which is suitable for the purposes of this invention, the addition of other oxides of vanadium to silver or copper contacts not producing similar or desirable results.
While the invention is specifically directed to contacts of silver or copper containing a relatively small proportion of vanadium pentoxide it is recognized that other elements may be added 35 to the silver or copper, or that the silver and copper may be alloyed, in order to reduce the cost of the contact, and that the term silver base" or copper base" contact when used herein will cover compositions of silver and copper with other metals.
The vanadium pentoxide will also act as a conductive binder for graphite or other conductive forms of carbon and contacts made therefrom will be found useful in a number of applications. Carbon-vanadium pentoxide contacts are much harder than carbon contacts and are also much stronger and more durable.
What is claimed is:
1. An electric contact composed of a contact material characterized by the addition of a relatively small amount of vanadium pentoxide.
2. An electrical contact of the group consisting of silver and opper base contacts containing from .1 to 10% vanadium pentoxide.
3. A silver base electrical contact containing from .1% to 10% vanadium pentoxide.
4. A copper base electrical contact containing from .1 to 10% vanadium pentoxide- 5. A silver base electrical contact containing from about 1% to about 5% vanadium pentoxide.
SAMUEL RUBEN.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US271346A US2200854A (en) | 1939-05-02 | 1939-05-02 | Electrical contact |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US271346A US2200854A (en) | 1939-05-02 | 1939-05-02 | Electrical contact |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US2200854A true US2200854A (en) | 1940-05-14 |
Family
ID=23035183
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US271346A Expired - Lifetime US2200854A (en) | 1939-05-02 | 1939-05-02 | Electrical contact |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US2200854A (en) |
Cited By (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2486341A (en) * | 1945-06-30 | 1949-10-25 | Baker & Co Inc | Electrical contact element containing tin oxide |
US2545438A (en) * | 1949-01-12 | 1951-03-20 | Baker & Co Inc | Spark plug electrode |
US2572662A (en) * | 1945-07-12 | 1951-10-23 | Cutler Hammer Inc | Electrical contact |
US2621123A (en) * | 1949-04-23 | 1952-12-09 | Gibson Electric Company | Method of sintering silver contact material |
US2664618A (en) * | 1944-04-22 | 1954-01-05 | Fansteel Metallurgical Corp | Electrical contact |
US4115325A (en) * | 1977-05-31 | 1978-09-19 | Texas Instruments Incorporated | Electrical contact material |
-
1939
- 1939-05-02 US US271346A patent/US2200854A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2664618A (en) * | 1944-04-22 | 1954-01-05 | Fansteel Metallurgical Corp | Electrical contact |
US2486341A (en) * | 1945-06-30 | 1949-10-25 | Baker & Co Inc | Electrical contact element containing tin oxide |
US2572662A (en) * | 1945-07-12 | 1951-10-23 | Cutler Hammer Inc | Electrical contact |
US2545438A (en) * | 1949-01-12 | 1951-03-20 | Baker & Co Inc | Spark plug electrode |
US2621123A (en) * | 1949-04-23 | 1952-12-09 | Gibson Electric Company | Method of sintering silver contact material |
US4115325A (en) * | 1977-05-31 | 1978-09-19 | Texas Instruments Incorporated | Electrical contact material |
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