US2199904A - Photographic developer - Google Patents
Photographic developer Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US2199904A US2199904A US205363A US20536338A US2199904A US 2199904 A US2199904 A US 2199904A US 205363 A US205363 A US 205363A US 20536338 A US20536338 A US 20536338A US 2199904 A US2199904 A US 2199904A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- developer
- alkali
- alum
- aluminum
- developing
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 66
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 47
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 40
- 229940037003 alum Drugs 0.000 description 30
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 25
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 20
- QIGBRXMKCJKVMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydroquinone Chemical compound OC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 QIGBRXMKCJKVMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 19
- 235000011121 sodium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 19
- AZDRQVAHHNSJOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N alumane Chemical class [AlH3] AZDRQVAHHNSJOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 18
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 18
- LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-L sulfite Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])=O LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 18
- DHMQDGOQFOQNFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycine Chemical compound NCC(O)=O DHMQDGOQFOQNFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
- -1 Mono-methyl carboxyl Chemical group 0.000 description 16
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 12
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 9
- 239000004471 Glycine Substances 0.000 description 8
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 8
- GRLPQNLYRHEGIJ-UHFFFAOYSA-J potassium aluminium sulfate Chemical compound [Al+3].[K+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O GRLPQNLYRHEGIJ-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 8
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 8
- 235000011126 aluminium potassium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 7
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 7
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 7
- 229940050271 potassium alum Drugs 0.000 description 7
- IOLCXVTUBQKXJR-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium bromide Chemical compound [K+].[Br-] IOLCXVTUBQKXJR-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 6
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- GEHJYWRUCIMESM-UHFFFAOYSA-L sodium sulfite Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])=O GEHJYWRUCIMESM-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 6
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- CPELXLSAUQHCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bromide Chemical compound [Br-] CPELXLSAUQHCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 5
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 4
- WNROFYMDJYEPJX-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[Al+3] WNROFYMDJYEPJX-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 4
- DIZPMCHEQGEION-UHFFFAOYSA-H aluminium sulfate (anhydrous) Chemical compound [Al+3].[Al+3].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O DIZPMCHEQGEION-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 4
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 4
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 4
- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenol group Chemical group C1(=CC=CC=C1)O ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000001828 Gelatine Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 238000012937 correction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229920000159 gelatin Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 235000019322 gelatine Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 235000010265 sodium sulphite Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000012670 alkaline solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910021502 aluminium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- VSCWAEJMTAWNJL-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminium trichloride Chemical compound Cl[Al](Cl)Cl VSCWAEJMTAWNJL-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 2
- 125000003277 amino group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 150000001555 benzenes Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000001845 chromium compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910001679 gibbsite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-] XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 239000011133 lead Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 2
- ADZWSOLPGZMUMY-UHFFFAOYSA-M silver bromide Chemical compound [Ag]Br ADZWSOLPGZMUMY-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 229910001388 sodium aluminate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011135 tin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- QWVJPSZSJSZVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-aminoacetic acid;phenol Chemical compound NCC(O)=O.OC1=CC=CC=C1 QWVJPSZSJSZVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JVVRCYWZTJLJSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-dimethylaminophenol Chemical compound CN(C)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 JVVRCYWZTJLJSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZVNPWFOVUDMGRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-methylaminophenol sulfate Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O.CNC1=CC=C(O)C=C1.CNC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 ZVNPWFOVUDMGRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000699696 Meriones Species 0.000 description 1
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000013019 agitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- ANBBXQWFNXMHLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum;sodium;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[Na+].[Al+3] ANBBXQWFNXMHLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003139 buffering effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- AJPXTSMULZANCB-UHFFFAOYSA-N chlorohydroquinone Chemical compound OC1=CC=C(O)C(Cl)=C1 AJPXTSMULZANCB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000015271 coagulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005345 coagulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002939 deleterious effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- BUACSMWVFUNQET-UHFFFAOYSA-H dialuminum;trisulfate;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Al+3].[Al+3].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O BUACSMWVFUNQET-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 1
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000036571 hydration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006703 hydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910000765 intermetallic Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000000449 nitro group Chemical group [O-][N+](*)=O 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001414 potassium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003755 preservative agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002335 preservative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000013049 sediment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003378 silver Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001415 sodium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021653 sulphate ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000008961 swelling Effects 0.000 description 1
- PUGUQINMNYINPK-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butyl 4-(2-chloroacetyl)piperazine-1-carboxylate Chemical compound CC(C)(C)OC(=O)N1CCN(C(=O)CCl)CC1 PUGUQINMNYINPK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03C—PHOTOSENSITIVE MATERIALS FOR PHOTOGRAPHIC PURPOSES; PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES, e.g. CINE, X-RAY, COLOUR, STEREO-PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES; AUXILIARY PROCESSES IN PHOTOGRAPHY
- G03C5/00—Photographic processes or agents therefor; Regeneration of such processing agents
- G03C5/26—Processes using silver-salt-containing photosensitive materials or agents therefor
- G03C5/29—Development processes or agents therefor
- G03C5/305—Additives other than developers
Definitions
- This invention relates to photographic develdeveloper which will work without producing fog.
- Another object of my invention is to provide an improved developer for sound track film.
- Another object of my invention is to provide an improved developer for sound track film of the variable area type.
- Another object of my invention is to provide an improved high constant developer.
- Another object of my invention is to provide a developer which will give a higher emulsion speed.
- Another object of my invention is to provide a developer which will give 10w contrast for pic-L tures.
- Another object of my invention is to provide a developer which will give a greatly increased latitude of exposure.
- Another object of my invention is to provide a developer which will give a surface image.
- Another object of my invention is to provide a developer which will produce a very uniform grain structure in the image.
- Another object of my invention is to provide a developer which will prevent clumping of the silver grains.
- Another object of my invention is to provide a 30v developer, the exhaustion rate of which will be not greater than the rate of physical removal of the developing solution by the developed material whereby maintaining the developing solution at a constant volume will maintain it at a 35 constant developing power.
- Another object of my invention is to provide a developer which will develop each exposed silver grain in its entirety without adding thereto or subtracting therefrom.
- Another object of my invention is to provide a developer which will develop the sensitive material to and beyond its gamma infinity.
- Another object of my invention is to provide a developer which prevents softening of the gel- 45 atine by alkali.
- Another object of my invention is to provide a developer which permits development at extremely high temperatures.
- Another object of my invention is to harden emulsion material in an alkaline developer.
- the objects are accomplished according to my invention by adding a metallic compound, such, for example, as potassium alum, to the developing solution, and using an alkali in sufficient quantity to dissolve or redissolve the precipitate which tends to be, or is, first formed.
- a metallic compound such as potassium alum
- My invention in its broad aspect, is applicable to developers containing practically any of the usual developing agents which function in alkaline solution, and also is adapted to the use of any of the usual alkalies, although some developing agents and some alkalies are preferable to others.
- alum in developer
- the aluminum may be introduced in the readily available form of potassium aluminum sulphate, known generally as alum, or any other convenient water soluble aluminum salt may be used, such, for example, as aluminum sulphate, aluminum chloride, or aluminum bromide.
- aluminum is the metal which I have found to be usually most desirable for my purpose, I find that appropriate salts of either zinc, tin, chromium or lead i may also be used.
- the aluminum compounds produce suflicient tanning action on the gelatine, or prevent the softening action of the alkali to such an extent
- the developing agent may be, so far as I have been able to ascertain, any usual or customary photographic developing agent.
- the following developing agents have been satisfactory used with each of the aforementioned metals:
- Certain of the developing agents require different treatment to getthem into solution in the most suitable manner. For example, metol must be dissolved in water before sulphite is added. Hydroquinone must be protected by the presence of sulphite before sodium hydroxide is added, that is, for the best results. Duratol will not .dissolve without the presence of sodium hydroxide. These examples merely indicate that there is a variation in the properties of the various developing agents. Ingeneral, it is possible to dissolve the developing agent simultaneously with sodium hydroxide. Sodium sulphite is added to the solution, as is potassium bromide or a suit-.
- the alum and alkali may, if desired, be dissolved separately and then mixed, or the alum may be dissolved first and the'alkali added afterward, or vice versa, according to which is most convenient.
- sodium hydrate is used, the quantity thereof must be approximately the same as that of the alum, whereas if the carbonate is used, the quantity thereof must be of the order of four times the quantity of the alum,
- the developing agent may be mixed in a quantity amounting to approximately ,4 to gram molecular weight per liter.
- the amount of developer used is determined by the desired developer speed or reaction velocity.
- Sodium sul-- phite is added as a preservative in a quantity amounting to approximately mol. per litter or more.
- the concentration of sulphite is not critical, and should be not less than 1 molecule of sulphite for each molecule of developer.
- the usable concentrations range from below 10 grams per liter to above 300 grams per liter.
- the addition of other substances to the developing solution for other or" incidental purposes is within the scope of my invention provided only that the aforesaid balance between the aluminum content and alkali content is maintained.
- my improved developer will serve to develop approximately 250 feet of film with the same loss proximately .2 in the density of the finished film.
- the film footage per literabove referred to is such that no replenishment of the developer is required in ordinary film developing machines.
- the film runs through the machine at a speed of the pressure on this compressed air jet or blow back the rate of carry-over of the developer may,
- the reaction' of the organic, reducing agent with the exposed silver bromide in the film produces a shift in ion concentration through a long chain of reactions.
- Br- .ions are released.
- Aluminate ions exist from the reaction of It is understood that each and every compound indicated in the above reaction will form certain ions in solution. For example, the alum in solution would produce potassium ions, aluminum ions and sulphate ions. The sodium aluminate indicated would, in solution, produce sodium ions and aluminate ions. It is evident from the above reaction, which is really amass reaction balance consisting of three reactions, that there will be present in the solution a large number of different ions.
- free alkali is liberated by the aluminum-alkali compound or complex, thereby maintaining the alkalinity effectively constant.
- the aluminum hydroxide or other metallic hydroxide which is freed forms a gelatinous precipitate which entraps exhausted developing material and other foreign material which may be in the developer and carries all of this suspended material out of the solution in the manner well known in water purification by the use of aluminum salts.
- the developing solution is thereby maintained at all times free from the exhausted material which tends to form scum, spots, stains or fog on the film in the developers of the prior art.
- This coagulation of aluminum and deleterious material may be either permitted to settle to the bottom of the developing container and removed therefrom at convenient intervals or the developer may be passed into a separate settling tank or container from which the sediment may be removed from time to time. Since the addition of fresh developer of the original composition does not tend to redissolve the aluminum as the addition of a stronger solution, such as generally used for enrichment of developer, would do, this precipitate does not tend to become'finely divided or; redissolved, and it is therefore readily removed from the zone of operations in the manner before described. This greatly decreases the cost of operation of developing-machines as compared to the present procedure wherein the developer is filtered under high pressure and through complicated filtering mechanisms in order to remove exhausted developing material.
- a filter may be used if desired, but the filter required, due to the large size and gelatinous nature of. the material to be removed, is very much simpler than that required for removing the fine suspended particles from the usual commercial types of developer.
- a further advantage of my improved developer is that if the aforesaid gelatinous precipitate'is not removed, but is kept in suspension in the solution by mechanical agitation, either through the passage -of the film through a relatively small quantity of" solution or otherwise, this gelatinous precipitatedoes not show the tendency to adhere to the film, which is common to the materials in suspension in a partly exhausted developer of the usual type. In other words, a considerable portion of such material is removed from a developing machine by the blow-back and any residual material which may adhere to the film is easily removed in the rinse water, leaving no spots or stains whatever on the film.
- a photographic developer containing a developing agent, an aluminum salt, and sufiicient alkali to dissolve the aluminum compound tending to be precipitated by the alkali.
- a photographic developer including a developing agent, .an alkaline sulphite, an alum, and sufficient alkali to maintain in solution the aluminum salts tending to be precipitated by the alkali..
- a photographic developer including a developing agent, an alkaline sulphite, an aluminum alum, and adequate alkali to maintain in solution the aluminum compound tending to be. precipitated by the alkali.
- a photographic developer including a developing agent and approximately equal portions of potassium alum and sodium hydrate.
- a photographic developer including a developing agent, an alkali sulphite, and approxi mately equal portions of potassium .alum and sodium hydrate.
- a photographic developer containing a phenolic developing agent, an aluminum salt, and sufiicient alkali to dissolve the aluminum salt tending to be precipitated by the alkali.
- a photographic developer including a phenolic developing agent, an alkaline sulphite,
- a photographic developer including a phenolic developing agent and approximately equal portions of potassium alum and sodium hydrate, the weight of the alum slightly exceed ing the weight of the sodium hydrate.
- a photographic developer containing hydroquinone, an aluminum salt, and sufiicient alkali to dissolve the aluminum compound tending to be precipitated by the alkali.
- a photographic developer including hydroquinone, and approximately equal portions of potassium alum and sodium hydrate.
- a photographic developer including hydroquinone, an alkali sulphite,.and approximately equal portions of potassium alum and sodium hydrate.
- a photographic developer including Glycine, an alkaline sluphite, an alum, and sufiicient alkali to maintain in solution the aluminum salts tending to be precipitated by the alkali.
- 'A photographic developer including Glycine, an alkaline sluphite, an aluminum alum, and sufiicient alkali to maintain in solution the aluminum compound tending to be precipitated by the alkali.
- a photographic developer including Glycine and approximately equal portions of potassium alum and sodium hydrate.
- a photographic developer including Glycine, an alkali sulphite, and approximately equal portions of potassium alum and sodium hydrate.
- a photographic developer including Duratol, an alkaline sulphite, an alum, and suflicient alkali to maintain in solution the aluminum salts tending to be precipitated by the alkali.
- a photographic developer including Duratol, an alkaline sulphite, an aluminum alum, and
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Silver Salt Photography Or Processing Solution Therefor (AREA)
- Photosensitive Polymer And Photoresist Processing (AREA)
Priority Applications (5)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US205362A US2199903A (en) | 1938-03-17 | 1938-04-30 | Process of photographic development |
| US205363A US2199904A (en) | 1938-03-17 | 1938-04-30 | Photographic developer |
| FR849548D FR849548A (fr) | 1938-03-17 | 1939-01-27 | Perfectionnements aux révélateurs photographiques et aux procédés de développement photographique |
| BE432624D BE432624A (en:Method) | 1938-03-17 | 1939-02-08 | |
| GB7062/39A GB525944A (en) | 1938-03-17 | 1939-03-03 | Improvements in or relating to photographic developers |
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US19636638A | 1938-03-17 | 1938-03-17 | |
| US205362A US2199903A (en) | 1938-03-17 | 1938-04-30 | Process of photographic development |
| US205363A US2199904A (en) | 1938-03-17 | 1938-04-30 | Photographic developer |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US2199904A true US2199904A (en) | 1940-05-07 |
Family
ID=27393601
Family Applications (2)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US205363A Expired - Lifetime US2199904A (en) | 1938-03-17 | 1938-04-30 | Photographic developer |
| US205362A Expired - Lifetime US2199903A (en) | 1938-03-17 | 1938-04-30 | Process of photographic development |
Family Applications After (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US205362A Expired - Lifetime US2199903A (en) | 1938-03-17 | 1938-04-30 | Process of photographic development |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (2) | US2199904A (en:Method) |
| BE (1) | BE432624A (en:Method) |
| FR (1) | FR849548A (en:Method) |
| GB (1) | GB525944A (en:Method) |
Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3516829A (en) * | 1966-03-16 | 1970-06-23 | Eastman Kodak Co | Photographic activator solution |
| US5405729A (en) * | 1993-02-09 | 1995-04-11 | Agfa-Gevaert, N.V. | Method for making a lithographic offset plate by the silver salt diffusion transfer process |
| US10983762B2 (en) | 2019-06-27 | 2021-04-20 | Sap Se | Application assessment system to achieve interface design consistency across micro services |
| US11249812B2 (en) | 2019-07-25 | 2022-02-15 | Sap Se | Temporary compensation of outages |
| US11269717B2 (en) | 2019-09-24 | 2022-03-08 | Sap Se | Issue-resolution automation |
| US11354302B2 (en) | 2020-06-16 | 2022-06-07 | Sap Se | Automatic creation and synchronization of graph database objects |
| US11561836B2 (en) | 2019-12-11 | 2023-01-24 | Sap Se | Optimizing distribution of heterogeneous software process workloads |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2759824A (en) * | 1954-05-18 | 1956-08-21 | Ralph B Atkinson | Method of photographic processing and developer therefor |
| US3297445A (en) * | 1963-04-01 | 1967-01-10 | Eastman Kodak Co | Photographic inhibitor releasing developers |
-
1938
- 1938-04-30 US US205363A patent/US2199904A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1938-04-30 US US205362A patent/US2199903A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1939
- 1939-01-27 FR FR849548D patent/FR849548A/fr not_active Expired
- 1939-02-08 BE BE432624D patent/BE432624A/xx unknown
- 1939-03-03 GB GB7062/39A patent/GB525944A/en not_active Expired
Cited By (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3516829A (en) * | 1966-03-16 | 1970-06-23 | Eastman Kodak Co | Photographic activator solution |
| US5405729A (en) * | 1993-02-09 | 1995-04-11 | Agfa-Gevaert, N.V. | Method for making a lithographic offset plate by the silver salt diffusion transfer process |
| US5445914A (en) * | 1993-02-09 | 1995-08-29 | Agfa-Gevaert, N.V. | Method for making a lithographic offset plate by the silver salt diffusion transfer process |
| US6284426B1 (en) * | 1993-02-09 | 2001-09-04 | Agfa-Gevaert | Process solution and method for making a lithographic aluminum offset plate by the silver salt diffusion transfer process |
| US10983762B2 (en) | 2019-06-27 | 2021-04-20 | Sap Se | Application assessment system to achieve interface design consistency across micro services |
| US11537364B2 (en) | 2019-06-27 | 2022-12-27 | Sap Se | Application assessment system to achieve interface design consistency across micro services |
| US11249812B2 (en) | 2019-07-25 | 2022-02-15 | Sap Se | Temporary compensation of outages |
| US11269717B2 (en) | 2019-09-24 | 2022-03-08 | Sap Se | Issue-resolution automation |
| US11561836B2 (en) | 2019-12-11 | 2023-01-24 | Sap Se | Optimizing distribution of heterogeneous software process workloads |
| US11354302B2 (en) | 2020-06-16 | 2022-06-07 | Sap Se | Automatic creation and synchronization of graph database objects |
| US12013843B2 (en) | 2020-06-16 | 2024-06-18 | Sap Se | Automatic creation and synchronization of graph database objects |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| BE432624A (en:Method) | 1939-03-31 |
| FR849548A (fr) | 1939-11-25 |
| US2199903A (en) | 1940-05-07 |
| GB525944A (en) | 1940-09-06 |
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