US2198343A - Hard metal composition - Google Patents
Hard metal composition Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US2198343A US2198343A US182245A US18224537A US2198343A US 2198343 A US2198343 A US 2198343A US 182245 A US182245 A US 182245A US 18224537 A US18224537 A US 18224537A US 2198343 A US2198343 A US 2198343A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- carbide
- hard metal
- alloy
- carbides
- metal composition
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 title description 19
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 title description 19
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title description 5
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 14
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 14
- NFFIWVVINABMKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N methylidynetantalum Chemical compound [Ta]#C NFFIWVVINABMKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
- 229910003468 tantalcarbide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 13
- 150000001247 metal acetylides Chemical class 0.000 description 11
- 229910001092 metal group alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- UNASZPQZIFZUSI-UHFFFAOYSA-N methylidyneniobium Chemical compound [Nb]#C UNASZPQZIFZUSI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 6
- MTPVUVINMAGMJL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethyl(1,1,2,2,2-pentafluoroethyl)silane Chemical compound C[Si](C)(C)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)F MTPVUVINMAGMJL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- UONOETXJSWQNOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten carbide Chemical compound [W+]#[C-] UONOETXJSWQNOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- QIJNJJZPYXGIQM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1lambda4,2lambda4-dimolybdacyclopropa-1,2,3-triene Chemical compound [Mo]=C=[Mo] QIJNJJZPYXGIQM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical group [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910039444 MoC Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010955 niobium Substances 0.000 description 2
- GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N niobium atom Chemical compound [Nb] GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000006104 solid solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- SUBDBMMJDZJVOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5-methoxy-2-{[(4-methoxy-3,5-dimethylpyridin-2-yl)methyl]sulfinyl}-1H-benzimidazole Chemical compound N=1C2=CC(OC)=CC=C2NC=1S(=O)CC1=NC=C(C)C(OC)=C1C SUBDBMMJDZJVOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000002492 Rungia klossii Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 244000117054 Rungia klossii Species 0.000 description 1
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910026551 ZrC Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- OTCHGXYCWNXDOA-UHFFFAOYSA-N [C].[Zr] Chemical compound [C].[Zr] OTCHGXYCWNXDOA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000007792 addition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000003636 chemical group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 208000002925 dental caries Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003801 milling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052758 niobium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanadium atom Chemical compound [V] LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C29/00—Alloys based on carbides, oxides, nitrides, borides, or silicides, e.g. cermets, or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides
- C22C29/02—Alloys based on carbides, oxides, nitrides, borides, or silicides, e.g. cermets, or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides based on carbides or carbonitrides
- C22C29/06—Alloys based on carbides, oxides, nitrides, borides, or silicides, e.g. cermets, or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides based on carbides or carbonitrides based on carbides, but not containing other metal compounds
Definitions
- the alloy can be manufactured in a: desired way it may be mentioned that first t carbide may be formed, then comminuted a1 admixed to the powdery auxiliary metal wher upon the mixture can be pressed and shaped a1 highly sintere'd.
- tantalum carbide and IiiOblll carbide are used, they can be transformed in mixed crystals entirely or to a substantial exter for instance, at least 10% of these carbides shot be transformed into mixed crystals.
- Niobium carbide is of properties similar those of tantalum carbide. Indeed, niobium pt tains to the same chemical group as tantalt does and therefore has quite similar characte istics.
- Such additional carbides can be present amounts up to about 20%. If two of such or LIB added simultaneously, their total, on rage, may amount to not more than 20%. following are compositions which have advantageous in practice in one or the espect.
- a sintered hard metal composition substantially consisting of 50% to 91% tantalum carbide and niobium carbide, 8% tantalum carbide and 11% niobium carbide as a minimum, about 5% to 20% titanium carbide and about 1% to 20% carbide selected from a group consisting of tungsten carbide and molybdenum carbide, said carbides of normal crystalline structure combined into mixed crystals in substantial amount and present in finely divided state, and about 2% to 20% auxiliary metal of the eighth group of the periodical system and substantially selected from the iron group thereof.
Description
Patented 23, 19 11.9
arrest rarest-r caries naan METAL (COMJPU SETION Richard Kiefier, Tyroll,
Austria, assignor to American Cutting Alloys, inc, New York, N. 222, a corporation of Delaware 3 Glaims.
This invention relates to a hard metal alloy, in particular for tools and other working appliances.
More in particular, the invention is concerned with hard metal tool alloys containing tantalum carbide in considerable amounts.
It is an object of the invention to improve the hardness of hard metal alloys containing tantalum carbide in substantial amounts.
It is another object of the invention to produce a hard metal alloy of improved hardness and toughness containing tantalum carbide in considerable amounts.
It is still another object of the invention to l render hard metal tool alloys containing tanta- 5 lum carbide in considerable amounts suitable for machining steel and other materials which, like steel, give long chips when machined.
These and other objects of the invention will 0. be more clearly understood when the specification further proceeds.
In the production of hard metal tool alloys, in particular for machining long chip forming materials such as steel, many attempts were made to produce alloys being as hard as possible and of the lowest possible heat conductivity. Such materials, as experience has shown, are most suitable for turning, milling, planing and similar chip forming machine Work.
Hard metal alloys have been suggested for this purpose consisting substantially of tungsten carbide, and it was suggested to add titanium carbide in order to improve the properties of these alloys referred to above. It has also been suggested to add to these carbides various other hard carbides which have proven to some extent suitable for the purposes referred to above.
In particular, hard metal alloys have been suggested containing considerable amounts of tantalum carbide which was cemented by suitable auxiliary metals, imparting toughness to the alloy. Such hard metal alloys were, however, of relatively little hardness.
According to the present invention, a hard metal alloy for tools and other working appliances is made of a major portion of tantalum carbide and/or niobium carbide (which is also called columbium carbide) whereas a minor portion of the alloy consists of titanium carbim, tungsten carbide and/or molybdenum carbide.
59 Of these carbides which are to be present as a minor portion of the alloy, titanium carbide is always present in an appreciable amount. Of the other carbides there may be present about 1% to These carbides are combined with tough auxiliary metal, preferably of the iron group, thou; other metals such as chromium may be added small amounts. Auxiliary metal should be pre ent in amounts of about 2% to 20%.
In the preferred form of the invention ti hard metal alloy is sintered, and the auxilia metal substantially cements the carbide.
Although the alloy can be manufactured in a: desired way it may be mentioned that first t carbide may be formed, then comminuted a1 admixed to the powdery auxiliary metal wher upon the mixture can be pressed and shaped a1 highly sintere'd.
The carbide may be combined into mixed cry tals, which are a solid solution, before the au iliary metal is admixed, or the formation of solid solution of the carbides may be caused permitted to some extent during the sinteri: process.
In particular, if tantalum carbide and IiiOblll carbide are used, they can be transformed in mixed crystals entirely or to a substantial exter for instance, at least 10% of these carbides shot be transformed into mixed crystals.
It is to be understood, however, that the i vention is not limited to the use or formation mixed crystals.
Niobium carbide is of properties similar those of tantalum carbide. Indeed, niobium pt tains to the same chemical group as tantalt does and therefore has quite similar characte istics.
Therefore, niobium carbide can be substitut in part, for tantalum carbide for the purposes this invention. It has been proven particular suitable to form mixed crystals of these carbid Such mixed crystals of carbides exceed as to th hardness that of the components.
In order to suit hard metals containing tani lum carbide to various demands, other carbiC may be added besides titanium carbide where either the heat conductivity, or the resistar against oxidation, or hardness, or toughness, other characteristics of the alloy can be afiecl individually or simultaneously.
If, for instance, molybdenum carbide is add the average hardness of the carbide present increased. If tungsten carbide and chromll carbide are added, the toughness of the all can be increased whereas zirconium carbide, added, somewhat reduces the heat conductivi Sometimes also small additions of vanadium c: bide are of advantage.
Such additional carbides can be present amounts up to about 20%. If two of such or LIB added simultaneously, their total, on rage, may amount to not more than 20%. following are compositions which have advantageous in practice in one or the espect.
Emmple 1 Per cent mm carbide 50 im carbide 25 .enum carbide 10 15 alloy is of great hardness and particularly for iine grinding or turning steel.
Example 2 Percent mm carbide 60 im carbide 5 n carbide 11 en carbide 20 4 sintered alloy is of particular toughness lted for use in machinw which are liable ite.
articular, this alloy can be used in older can be decreased or increased by prcportioning the amount of auxiliary metal.
What I claim is:
1. A' sintered hard metal alloy, particularly adapted for tools and other working appliances, substantially consisting of about 60% tantalum carbide, about 5% titanium carbide, about 11% niobium carbide, about 20% tungsten carbide and about 4% auxiliary metal substantially of the iron group.
2. A hard metal composition, particularly adapted for tools and other working appliances, substantially consisting 01' 50% to 91% tantalum carbide and niobium carbide, 8% tantalum carbide and 11% niobium carbide as a minimum, about 5% to 20% titanium carbide and about 1% to 20% carbide selected from a group consisting of tungsten carbide and molybdenum carbide, said carbides of normal crystalline structure and present in finely divided state, and about 2% to 20% auxiliary metal of the eighth group of the periodical system and substantially selected from the iron group thereof.
3. A sintered hard metal composition, particularly adapted for tools and other working appliances, substantially consisting of 50% to 91% tantalum carbide and niobium carbide, 8% tantalum carbide and 11% niobium carbide as a minimum, about 5% to 20% titanium carbide and about 1% to 20% carbide selected from a group consisting of tungsten carbide and molybdenum carbide, said carbides of normal crystalline structure combined into mixed crystals in substantial amount and present in finely divided state, and about 2% to 20% auxiliary metal of the eighth group of the periodical system and substantially selected from the iron group thereof.
RICHARD KIEF'FER.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE2198343X | 1937-01-16 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US2198343A true US2198343A (en) | 1940-04-23 |
Family
ID=7989650
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US182245A Expired - Lifetime US2198343A (en) | 1937-01-16 | 1937-12-29 | Hard metal composition |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US2198343A (en) |
Cited By (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2924875A (en) * | 1956-04-13 | 1960-02-16 | Sandvikens Jernverks Ab | Sintered hard metal alloy |
US3370928A (en) * | 1964-11-13 | 1968-02-27 | United Aircraft Corp | Tungsten carbide base cerment |
US3463621A (en) * | 1967-06-20 | 1969-08-26 | Poudres Metalliques Alliages Speciaux Ugine Carbone | Alloys of sintered carbides |
US3503692A (en) * | 1964-11-21 | 1970-03-31 | Sumitomo Electric Industries | Ballpoint pen |
US3865556A (en) * | 1961-05-29 | 1975-02-11 | Atomic Energy Commission | Cermet composition containing CbC Mo and an additional carbide |
US5051126A (en) * | 1989-01-13 | 1991-09-24 | Ngk Spark Plug Co., Ltd. | Cermet for tool |
-
1937
- 1937-12-29 US US182245A patent/US2198343A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2924875A (en) * | 1956-04-13 | 1960-02-16 | Sandvikens Jernverks Ab | Sintered hard metal alloy |
US3865556A (en) * | 1961-05-29 | 1975-02-11 | Atomic Energy Commission | Cermet composition containing CbC Mo and an additional carbide |
US3370928A (en) * | 1964-11-13 | 1968-02-27 | United Aircraft Corp | Tungsten carbide base cerment |
US3503692A (en) * | 1964-11-21 | 1970-03-31 | Sumitomo Electric Industries | Ballpoint pen |
US3463621A (en) * | 1967-06-20 | 1969-08-26 | Poudres Metalliques Alliages Speciaux Ugine Carbone | Alloys of sintered carbides |
US5051126A (en) * | 1989-01-13 | 1991-09-24 | Ngk Spark Plug Co., Ltd. | Cermet for tool |
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