US2189444A - Loom and the method of weaving thereon - Google Patents

Description

Feb. 6, 1940. R. F. CARON 2,189,444

LOOM AND THE METHOD OF WEAVING THEREON Filed Feb. l2,- 1938 6 Sheets-Sheet l a5 21 as Zmventor 'Rocirrua f? Cqvo-az' Feb. 6, 1940. v CARON 2,189,444

LOOM AND THE METHOD OF WEAVING THEREON Filed Feb. 12, 1958 's Sheets-Sheet 2' I E. 3nnento1: Racine. 'E. CCUPOIL Feb. 6, 1940. R CARON' 2,189,444

LOOM AND THE METHOD OF WEAVING THEREON Filed Feb. 12, 1938 6 Sheets-Sheet 3 3nnentor Racine T Caron attorney Feb. 6, 1940. CARQN 2,189,444

LOOM AND THE METHOD OF WEAVING THEREON Filed Feb. 12, 1938 6 Sheets-Sheet 4 n 4 v 60 90 v .90;

3nnentor 'Rqduza T Caron v I I (Ittorneg Feb. 6, 1940. R. F. CARON 2,189,444

L( )0M AND THE METHOD OF WEAVING THEREON Filed Feb. 12, 1938 6 Sheets-Sheet 5 3W Racine Y. Car n Feb. 6, 1940.

R. F. CARON LOOM AND THE METHOD OF WEAVING THEREON Filed Feb. 12, 1938 6 Sheets-Sheet 6 1'54 J30 145 J48 129 J46 J41 J63 J55 J42 RCC inns T (301 01? into the warp and Patented Feb. 6, 1940 UNITED STATES LOOM AND THE METHOD OF WEAVING THEREON Racine F. Caron, Moosup, Conn. Application February12, 1938, Serial No. 190,154

16 Claims.

This invention relates to the method of and mechanism for embroidering a pattern in fabric on a loom and has for an object to provide a simple mechanism which can be readily attached to standard looms. This application is a continuation-in-part of applicants copending application Serial No. 143,430.

' A further object is to provide a loomwith one or more members having needles therein for guiding the pattern thread. I

A further object is to provide a loom with a plurality of needles carried on the lay so that the pattern thread may be crossed by the'filler thread and beat into the fabric.

' A further object is to provide a loom with'mechanism ,for automatically shifting one or more needle bars either simultaneously, intermittently or alternately as the pattern may require.

A further object is to provide a loom with a needle bar and a plurality of oscillatable thread guides whereby a multiple strand pattern thread may be braided into the fabric.

A further object is to provide a loom with a plurality of needles and a pair ofqoscillatable' thread guides for'each needle so that one strand of the pattern thread may be crossed by the filler thread and beat into the fabric and subsequently the said strand crosses over the two strands of the pattern thread carried 'by the thread guides whereby a braided pattern thread is woven'into the fabric.

A further object is to provide ,means on a loom whereby patterns employing either asingle thread or a'plurality of threads maybe woven held therein by the filler thread.

An embodiment of the invention is illustrated by the way of example in the accompanying drawings in which: f

Fig. 1 is an end elevation of a loom equipped with the mechanism of the invention.

Fig. 2 is apartial front elevation of a loop showing the mechanism of the invention.

Fig. 3 is a detail section taken on line 3-3 of Fig. 2 showing the intermittent driving mechanism for the pattern chain.

- Fig. 4 is a detail section taken on line 4-4 of Fig. 2 showing the pattern chain.

Fig. 5 isa section taken on line 55 of Fig.

1 showing the mounting of the needle bar actuat ing levers,

Fig. 6 is a plan section taken on line (i6 of Fig. 1 showing the needle bars. I

' i Fig. 7 isan elevational section taken on line 1 Fig. 10 is a schematic viewillustrating the movement of the pattern thread in forming a design.

Fig. 11 is a partial front elevation of a loom incorporating a modification of the invention.

Fig. 12 is an enlarged view. of a portion of Fig.

11 showing the assembled construction of the modification.

Fig. 13 is an elevational section looking. in the direction of arrow I3 of Fig. 12.

Fig. 14 is a detail section taken on line 14-14 of Fig. 11.

Fig. 15 is a schematic view showinga position of the needles and thread guides onthe pick of the loom.

Fig. 16 is a schematic view showing an alternate position of the needles and thread guides on the pick of the loom. 1

Fig. 1'7 is a schematic view illustrating the formation of the pattern braid and the tie thereof in the fabric.

Like numerals refer to like parts throughout the drawings.

Referring to Fig.1 the frame 1 represents a loom of standard construction, used throughout the weaving industry, having the usual rockshaft 2 upon which is mounted the lay 3, the said lay being oscillated in the usual manner by means .of a lever 4, Fig. 2, attached to a crank 5. The crank is mounted on a shaft Shaving apair of pulleys l, tight and loose, for driving the loom. Power is applied to the tight pulley from any suitable source such as a motor 8.

A sprocket 9, fastened to shaft 6, is geared to a sprocket l0, Fig. 3, by means of a chain. II. The sprocket i0 is non-rotatably mounted on a shaft I2 to which is also fastened adriving disc [3 having a stud l4 inserted therein, said stud engaging a slot in a Geneva gear I5 which is non-rotatabiy mounted on a shaft It. The shaft 16 is connected to a shaft ll by means of a clutch I8, the said clutch being held in driving engagement by means of a lever l9. Non-rotatably mounted on the shaft I1 is one or more :s'prockets 2|] for driving one or more pattern chains 2!. A corresponding number of idler sprockets '22 are rotatably mounted on a shaft 23 mounted in bearings provided by a bracket 24 suitably fastened to the side frame of the loom.

The shafts i6 and 17 are mounted in bearings 25 and 28 which have extensions 21 and 28 in which are hearings to support a shaft 29 on the outer end of which is mounted one or more levers 39. The levers 36 have rollers 3| which contact the pattern chains 2! whereby the said levers are given an oscillating motion.

So far the mechanism described is found in any standard loom and need not be further elaborated upon except to say that when the power is applied to the loom through the tight pulley i the crank 5 is rotated whereby the lay 3 is oscillated by means of the lever 4.

At the same time the chain l l rotates the driving plate I3 and stud l4, said stud turning the Geneva gear l5 to advance the pattern chain in a step by step motion to oscillate the levers 30. During this time the harness is being operated in the usual manner by suitable head mechanism, not shown, to form the shed in the warp as shown diagrammatically in Figs. 8 and 9.

The type of heddle operated by the harness is immaterial and forms no part of this invention as any type of heddle may be used depending on the weave desired.

The levers 30 have a member 3!! adjustably mounted thereon which provides an extension '32 having a pin 33. 'Fulcruined on the pin 33 is 'a'rne'm'ber 35 having a screw threaded end in which is screw threaded a rod 35, said rod being held in adjusted position by means of alock nut 3'1. The other end of the rod is fu'lcrumed on a pin 38 provided in an adjustable member 39 mounted on a lever 40. The number of levers 40 will correspond to the number of levers 36.

Referring now to Fig. it will be noted that the levers 40 are 'rnountedon one end of a series of telescoping shafts 4!, 42, 43, and 44. The shaft 4| supporting all of the other shafts and being itself mountedin bearings and 46 which are in turn mounted on a bracket 4! fastened to the main frame i. On the other end of the shafts 4|,42, 43, 44 is mounted a series of'levers "48, By thus mounting the said levers each pair of levers on the several shafts are actuable independe'ntly of the other pairs of levers.

on the levels 48'is adjustably mounted a member 49 having a fulcrum pin 58 orrwhich'ishung "a member 5!, said member'b'eing screw threaded to receive the screw threaded endof a rod 52 which is held in position by means of a "lock nut 53. The lower end of the rod'or rods 52has "an eye 54 which engages with an eye 55 on the end of a short belt '56 which passes around a pulley 5'5. on the other end of thebelt is an eye 58'which'mates'with an eye59 on the end of 'a rOd'GD.

The rodB J is fulcrurned on a pin 6| fastened in'one'a'rnr62 of a'bell crank'leverBS which is rockably mounted on a shaft 64 carried in bear- -ings in a bracket 65fastened'tothe lay 3. The 'other arm'66 of the'leverfil'i'has a pin'fi'l fas- 'tenedtherein on which is fulcrumed one endof a'r'odTiB the other end of which is fulcrumed on a pin'69 carried in one arm 10 of a 'two armed lever H rockably mounted on a stud 12. The other arm 13 of the lever l I has a pin '14 on which is fulcrumed a rod 15, said rod having two threaded parts joined by a turnbuckle 13 wherebythe length of the rod can be adjusted. The other end of the rod T5 is rockably mounted on "a stud i7 carried by a block 13 the said block being adjustably fastened to a needle bar 19 determined by the pattern link.

having a plurality of needles 30 having eyes therein. The needles are readily removed from the bar as they are held therein by a screw As shown in the drawings the needle bars are made of single solid pieces but this is by the way 5 of illustration and not of limitation as it is within the purview of this invention to use flexible means to hold the needles.

The needle bar or bars 19, Figs. 6 and '7, are slidably mounted on a V shaped bar 8| extending longitudinally of the lay while the said bar 8| is mounted for vertical movement relative to the lay 8 on V shaped bars 82, there being V shaped bearings83 on each end of the bar 8| which slidably fit the bars 82. The bars 82 are fastened to the lay in any suitable manner.

In order to guide the vertical movement of the bar 8!, and hence the needle bars, the said bar has a roller 84 at each end which fits in guideways 85, Fig. 1, provided in brackets 86 and 31 suitably fastened by means of screws 88 to the side frames 1. A slot 89, in the brackets 86 and 81, through which the screws pass make it possible to adjust the said brackets in relation to the lay.

The spools of pattern thread 90 for the needles are mounted on a member 9| fastened to the side frames and the threads enter from the rear of the loom through the reed to the needles while being old and well 'known in the art and need not be further described.

The operation of the invention will now ber) described. The operator starts the loom in the usual manner by slipping a belt from the loose pulley I to the tight pulley l and throws in the clutch 18 by means of the lever 19. Rotation of the shaft "6 will cause the crank 5 to rotate and, ;-,45

through the lever 4, oscillate the lay 3. At this time the harness will be operated to form the shed for thepassage of the bobbin with the filler thread.

Movement of the harness also causes move-=50 merit of 'the particular type of heddle being used to guide the warp threads. In the instant case heddles suitable for weaving a standard leno Weave are usedbut as they form no part of the invention, being old and well known in the art,;55 they need not be further described.

Rotation of the shaft 6 also rotates the shaft l 2;tl1rough the chain H and hence the pattern chain?! through'the Geneva gear [5 and sprocket 20, As the pattern chain moves certain of the 0 links lift the lever 30 and through the rod 36, levers 40 and 48, rod 52, belt/56, rod 60, bell crank lever t3, rod'68 and lever H moves the needle'bar "l9 longitudinally'of the lay a distance of ,ithese mechanismsandchains to operate a.7o

number of needle bars whereby an infinite number of patterns may be formed simultaneously. Astherlay 3, oscillates to the left,Fig. l, or to the right in Fig. [the needle bar supportingbar .19 moves downthe guide ways in the brackets 86 and"8'I- and lowers the-needles 80 so that the threads from the spools 90' will be among the lower threads of the shed whereby the shuttle maypass over the threads and secure them into the fabric at each'beat. Referring to Fig. it will be seen that the pattern thread 90 is moved longitudinally over the upper threads of the .shed just prior to the pick when the filler thread 98 is thrown throughthe shed to catch the'portion of the thread 9!! into the fabric. As the lay comes up on the beat stroke the needles move up above the warp and back to carry the pattern threads longitudinally over the strands of the warp,

The longitudinal movement. of the pattern threads is governed entirely by the pattern chain or chains so that they may be moved over one strand of the warp on one pick and over two or .more on the next pick. When two or more needle bars are used the variety of patternsobtainable is practically unlimited and also the fact that the needles are readily removable the combinations of patterns obtainable from each needle bar are extremelygreati v Fig. 10 shows, for purposes of illustration stead of weaving a plurality of single pattern threads into the fabric it is possible to weave a braided pattern thread into a fabricin such a manner that should one or more Warp threads break the pattern will remain in position.

With the mechanism of this modification it is also possible to weave a. fabric having a warp consisting entirely of braided threads.

Referring to Fig. 11 the tight and loose pulleys I00, corresponding to the pulleys I, of Fig. 1, cause oscillation of the lay IIII through suitable connections such as above described, and drive a chain I02 which is geared to a shaft I03 having a driving disc IE4 which inturn drives-a Geneva gear I85. The gear I HIS-is non-rotatably mounted on a shaft Illti which is connected to a shaft IO'I by means of a clutch J08, the said clutch being held in driving engagement by means of a lever I09. A sprocket is non-rotatably mounted on the shaft ID! to support a pattern chain H0. The shafts I06 and H11 are mounted in bearings provided by brackets I II and H2 having extensions H3 and H4 which have bearings thereon for supporting a shaft I I5.

Upon the shaft I I5 is loosely mounted a plurality of levers H6, H1, H8. The lever IIB provides'a connection between the pattern chain H0 and a lever II9 which is non-rotatably mounted on one end of a shaft I supported in a bearing I2I. A lever I22is non-rotatably mounted on the other end of the shaft I20 and transmits the motion of lever I20 to a bell'crank lever I23 through rods I24 in the manner shown in Fig. 1. The bearing brackets III and l I2are mounted on an extension I25 while the bearing ,I2I is mounted on a bracket I26 both of which are suitably fastened to the side frame of the loom.

The bell crank lever I23 is connected by a rod I2'I to a rock lever I28 which in turn is connected to a member I29, said member being slidably mounted on .a bar I30. The bar I3Il is slida-bly mounted in vertical bearings fastened to the lay whereby the said bar is moved vertically relative to the lay at each beat of the loom.

The member I29 has fastened thereto a needle bar 'I3I having a plurality of needles l32 adjustably mounted therein.

As above described 6 as the pattern chain is advanced the needle bar I3I is moved longitudinally of the lay.

. On the reed cap I33, Figs. 12 and 13, is slidably mounted a pair of bars I34, I35 having slots I36 to allow the bars to move longitudinallyiO of the reed cap.

Studs 13'! hold the-bars to the reed cap and provide the bearing guides for the bars. A member I38 connects the needle bar I3I and the bars I34 and I35 whereby the said bars are moved -13 longitudinally of the lay in response to the longitudinal movement of the needle bar. The member I38, fastened to the bars I34and I35 by -means of a screw I39, has an elongated slot through which is passed a screw I40 whereby the "T needle bar I 3I may move vertically relative to the bars I34 and I35. With this construction the needle bar can move the said bars, longitudinally of the reed cap regardless of its vertis cal I position. v

Each of the bars I34 and I35 have a plurality of thread guides MI and I42 respectively which are mounted on pivot pins I43 and I44, Fig. 13, the spacing between the said pivot pins corresponding to the spacing between the needles J32 80 whereby the pivot points of the thread guides and the needles are retained in alinement at all times.

The top of each of the thread guides MI and I42 hasa fulcrum pin I45 and I46 therein to 35 -which are attached bars I47 and I43.

Each of the bars I41 and I48 are connected by means of Bowden cables I48 and I 50, Fig. ll, to levers ill and H8 respectively. The levers Ill and H8 8 are moved by means of cams .I5I and I52, Fig. 14, mounted on the shaft -IIl3. The cains are shaped so as to give the. desired movements to the bars I41 and I48 whereby the thread guides MI and I42 may be oscillated in opposite directions as shown in Fig. 15 or they may be oscil-filti lated together as shown in Fig. 16. 1

When the thread guides are oscillated as in Fig; 15 the pattern threads I53, I54 andI55 are crossedin the mannershown in Fig. 17. In this figure the pattern threads are shown being woven ($50 into'a fabric known as a leno weave but the species of weave used in conjunction with'the pattern threads is immaterial so long as it can be woven on a'loom of the type described.

When the operator starts the loom the lay 5 swings back for the first pick at which time the needle bar I 3| and needles I 32 are lowered so.

raised this time the thread guides MI and I42 oscillate right and left respectively, this is just the opposite of the first oscillation; after which 70 thefiller thread is beat up. I

It is to be noted that the threads carried by p the needles are always crossed by the filler thread and cross over the threads I54 and I55 whereby I a braid is woven intov a. fabric. With this inven-"75.

;,tion the entire warp can consistflof braided threads held in shape by the filler threads.

In cases where it is desirable to have the .braided pattern threads advanced diagonally back and forth across the width of the fabricrthe needles I32 and thread guides MI and I42 are moved longitudinally of the lay in response to the cams on the pattern chain whereby geometric figures can be woven into the fabric by means of the braided pattern threads.

I claim:

1. In a loom, a reed, a pair of bars mounted on the reed for longitudinal movement relative thereto, a plurality of pivot pins on ,each of said bars, and a thread guide mounted on each of said pivot pins whereby threads carried by said guides are crossed over each other upon the relative movement of said bars.

2. In a loom, a reed, a pair of bars mounted on the reed, a plurality of thread guides pivotally mounted on the bars, and means for moving said bars longitudinally of the reed whereby said thread guides are oscillated to cross threads carried thereby.

3. In a loom, a reed, a pair of bars slidably mounted on said reed, a plurality of thread guides pivotally mounted on each of the bars, each of said thread guides having a fulcrum bearing, a pair of bars having a plurality of fulcrum pins on which said thread guidefulcrum bearings are mounted, :and means to move said pairs of ,bars relatively to each other to .oscillate said thread guides.

4. In a loom, a reed, a .pair of bars slidably mounted on said reed, a plurality of thread guides -pivotally mounted on each ,of the bars, a pair of bars having a plurality of fulcrum pins on each bar on which the thread guides are mounted, and means to move the second pair of bars relative to the first pair of bars whereby the ;thread guides are oscillated.

5. ;In a loom, a-lay, a reed, a needle bar ,mounted on the lay, a plurality of needles in .said .bar, means to move the needle bar longitudinally of said lay, a pair of bars mounted on said reed, and means to move said bars longitudinally of said reed in response to the longitudinal movementpf said needle bar whereby threads carried by said needles and guides are braided.

6. In a loom, a lay, a reed, a pair of .bars slidably-mounted on said reed, a plurality of thread guides pivotally mounted on each of the bars a needle bar slidably mounted on said lay, a plurality of needles mounted in said needle bar,

means to move the needle bar longitudinally of cally of said lay and relative to said bars, means to move said bars longitudinally of said reed in response to the longitudinal movement of-, said needle bar, and means provided by said last named means to permit the relative vertical movementbetween the needle barand saidbars.

8. In a loom, a lay, areed, a needle barmounted on the lay, a plurality of needles mounted in said needle bar, apattern chain, means to drive said chain,.means actuated by saidpattern chain .includinga train'of links andlevers to move said .needle bar longitudinallyof said lay, a pair of bars islidably mounted on the reed, aplurality of oscillatable thread guides mounted on said pair of ,bars in line withsaid needles, and means to move said bars coincidentally with the needle bar whereby the thread guides remain in line with the needles. 16

i 9. In a loom, a lay, a reed, a needle bar mount- ,ed on the lay, a plurality of needles mounted in the needle bar, a pattern chain, means to drive said chain, means actuated by said pattern chain including a train of links and levers to move the-910 needle bar longitudinally of the lay, a pair of bars slidably'mounted on the reed, a plurality of thread guides pivotally mounted on each of said last named bars, said thread guides having fulcrum bearings above the pivot points, a pair of p bars providing fulcrum pins for each of the thread guides, and means including a cam for moving said last named bars relative to said first named .bars whereby the said thread guides are oscillated in timed relation to the movement of M0 the needle bar.

10. In a loom, a lay, a reed, a needle bar mountedon the lay for longitudinal and vertical movement relative thereto, means to move said needle "bar longitudinally of the lay, a pair of bars hav- 1 85 :ing a pluralityof thread guides pivoted thereon,

asecond pair of bars having fulcrum pins mounted on the thread guides, means to move said first pair of ,bars in response to the longitudinal .movement of the needle bar to maintain them thread guides, a plurality of spools of threadxfl' one for'each needle and guide, means to move ,said needle bar longitudinally of said lay, means to movesaid guides in response to the movement ofsaid'needle bar, means to move said needle bar vertically ofsaid lay whereby the .threads,

carried by :the needles will rest on the lay in order that the shuttlemay pass over them, and means to oscillate the thread guides relative to th nee l 12. The method of weaving .a braid into a piece ,of goods which consists in crossing two strands of .the braid'under a third strand which ;is subsequently laid on the lay anda filler thread passed over it.

13. The method of weaving which consists in shedding a .warp so that a plurality of single vthreads fornmthe lower strands and a plurality of double threads form the upper strands, passing a -,filler thread over the lower strands, crossing the upper threads under the lower, and beating the o0 filler thread into the warp.

14. The method of weaving which consists in layinga plurality of threads by means of needles among the lower threads of the warp at each pick'of a loom, raising the said plurality .ofqofi threads and crossing a pair of threads in back of each of said plurality of threads at each beat of the loom so that a number of braids are woven into a fabric.

15.The method of weaving which consists in. 10

forming. a braid and tying it into the goods by means of the filler thread ateach pick of the 16. The method of'weaving which consists in .sh d ngawa p. ,layin a nslest n o a a u by means of needles among the lower strands of the Warp in the shed, passing a filler thread in front of the needles and over said lower strands including the single strand, beating the filler 5 thread into the warp and raising the single strand above the warp, crossing two strands of the braid behind the single strand, moving the three strands of the braid over the warp to form part of a pattern and repeating the process over and over until the pattern is completed several times throughout the fabric being woven.

RACINE F. CARON..

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