US2189108A

US2189108A - Reinforced-concrete structure

Info

Publication number: US2189108A
Application number: US186418A
Authority: US
Inventors: Griesel Heinrich
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1937-01-23
Filing date: 1938-01-22
Publication date: 1940-02-06
Anticipated expiration: 1957-02-06

Description

Feb. 6, 1940.

H. GRIESEL REINFORCED-CONCRETE STRUCTURE Filed Jan. 22, 1958 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 /nvent0/':

Feb. 6, 1940. H, 'RIE EL 2,189,108

REINFORCED-CONCRETE STRUCTURE Filed Jan. 22, 1938 I 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 In vemon' Patented Feb. 6, 1940 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE REINFORCED-CONCRETE STRUCTURE Heinrich, Griesel, Berlin, Germany Application January ZZ, 1938,-Serial No. 186,418-

In Germany January'23', 1937 13 Claims.

My: :invention relates to reinforced-concrete structures, and 'more particularly tostructures for ceilings and roofs in which beams are compensewith the abutment stones by making such beams with upwardly converging abutmentzfaces,

I and inserting between their abutment faces slabs havingscorresponding faces at their sides. The

slabs; are provided with steel insertions projects ing beyondtheir abutment faces, and connected above the beams. I 20 with the old steel-beam structure aforesaid;

In the accompanying drawings, beams and" structures embodying my invention are illustrat-' way of ex-' 35 ed more or less diagrammatically by ample.

In the drawings" Fig. 1" is a cross-section of an inverted troughshaped beam with transverse struts inserted'at 30 its lower end, i

Fig.- 21is a cross-section of a similar beam cast' integral with a cover plate-at its lower side,

Fig. 3' is a partly sectional end "elevation of'a:

trough-shaped slab, and

slab, I

Fig. 5 is a cross-section showing a panel of a ceiling equipped with trough-shaped, and I Fig. 6 is a similar section, partly in end" elevation; of a panel equipped with arcuate slabs;

Fig; 7 is a cross-section of a beam-'forming part of the ceiling illustrated in Fig. 6,. with means for supporting the ceiling plaster;

Fig. 8 is an end elevation of a beam of the 45 same c eiling structure showing mortar grooves in the abutment faces of the beam and the arcuateslabs,

Fig. 9 is a section on theline IX-JX in Fig.

Fig; '10 isa sectiono-nthe line X'--X in Fig.7,

end elevation, and. i

Fig, 12 is a plan view, of a beam and two trough-shaped slabs, with interengaging spaced projections on the abutment faces of ther beam andtheslabs, I

. By these means the structure is simplified and its bearing capacity is increased, as compared Fig. 4 is a similar illustration of an arcuate Fig. 11 is partly across-section,- and partly an' Fig. 13 is-an end elevationshowing steel'niembers connecting the steel insertionsof the 'beanr with those'of theadjacent trough-shaped" slabs, and

Fig. .14 is a similar elevation showing the connectionfor arcuate slabs.

Referring now to the drawings, and first'to Fig. 1, this inverted trough-shaped beam I is of' trapezium section, with upwardly inclined converging abutment faces 4' at opposite sides. Steelf transverse loops 1 are inserted in the concrete substance of thebeam, and connected to longi-. tudinal steel members 8 arranged in pairs at the topo-f the beam, and in its base flanges 30. s I 4' are plaster-supporting loops suspended from the members 8 and projecting from the lowerfaces ofthe flanges 30. 9 are transverse struts inserted in the lower side'of the beam, and 1' are steel insertioris in the struts which are" connected to the longitudinal members 8 in'the base flanges 2.0 30. I9 is a groove inthe upper face of the beam." Such grooves are arranged in spaced'relation along the beam, for a purpose to be explained below.

Referring now to'Fig. 2, this beam l' is similar The beams are made trough-shaped, or with 3 0 a trapeze cross-section, in order to reduce their weight. The loops! and 1', and the longitudinal steel members 8, make up together a basket-like structure all round the cavity in the beams and provides for maximum bearing capacity towhich the basefianges 30 contribute. I

i In the structures which will now be described byway of example, the beam l illustrated in Fig.

1 iscused but obviously the beam I, Fig, 2; might beused as well. It is also understood that cer- 40 tain details described for a given kind of. slabs: can also be arranged, with suitable modifications. for the other kind.

Referring now to Figs. 3, 5, and 9, troughshaped ceiling slabs 2, preferably madewith pas-1. sages HS for saving weight, are -insertedbetween two. beams l,-or l'with their open sides up, and their upwardly divergent abutting faces 4 placed against the facesd' of the beams. The bases of the slabs 2 are recessed at opposite. sides at the lower ends of their faces 4, for the reception of the flanges 30 on the beams. The slabs have steel insertions 5 which project from their abutment faces 4 at both sides, their projecting ends .are placed in the corresponding.5;,

groove IQ of the beam I, tied together at 6, and covered with cement to protect them from rust. As will appear from Fig. 9, the ends of the slabs 2 are scarfed at l3, and preferably the receding portion of the scarf is chamfered for the reception of a wedge-sectioned layer of mortar l5. By this means, tight joints are obtained. The insertions 5 at the ends of the slabs are preferably placed in the projecting ends of the scarves |3 so that they support not only their own, but also the adjacent slab. With light structures, such as country houses, a single insertion 5 at these points may be sufiicient. is plaster supported by the loops I4. i

Referring now to Figs. 4, 6, '7, 8, and 10, arcuate slabs 3, with passages I6 and steel insertions 5 as described for the slabs 2, are abutted,'con-f cave side down, against the abutment faces 4 of two beams I with their own abutment faces 4. If desired to obtain a tighter fitting joint, the abutment faces of both the beams and slabs, or only the beams, or only the slabs, are provided with mortar grooves l2, as shown in Fig. 8. The steel insertions 5 are connected at B in the grooves l9, as described,

The joints at the ends of the arcuate slabs'3 might be made like those shown for the troughshaped slabs 2 at I3, I 5 in Fig. 9, or they are made assho-wn in Fig. 10, with grooves in the ends of the slabs making up together a semi-cylindrical space filled with mortar I3. It is understood that the joint shown in Fig. 9 is not limited to troughshaped, and the joint in Fig. 10 is not limited to arcuate slabs.

In order to effect a positive connection betweenv the slabs and beams, spaced recesses are formed in the abutment faces of the beams and slabs to form a sort of racks. An arrangement of this kind is illustrated for trough-shaped slabs 2'in Figs.

f 1.1 and 12, it being understood that it might as well be provided for arcuate slabs 3. The abutment faces of the beam I are provided with spaced recesses I? which are entered by the non-recessed portions l8 of the slab abutment faces, as shown in Fig; 12. This figure alsov shows the connections 6 between the steel insertions 5 of the slabs 2 which are placed in the grooves IQ of the beam,

as described, and protected by a layer of cement in each groove.

By the rack-like means I and I8, as described, a positive connection between the beams and the slabs is provided which prevents any relative displacement of the beam and the slabs, and is strong against shifting andtension-exerting forces.

The interengagement of the beams and slabs is still more improved by not only connecting the steel insertions in the slabs to each other but by also connecting them to the steel in the beams.

Referring to Fig. 13, steel members 20 are embedded in the flanges 30 of the beam and anchored on its longitudinal lower steel members 8. The members 20 extend upwardly through the joints between the slabs where they are bent about steel insertions 2| projecting into the joints, in serted in the corresponding groove IS, and connected at 6' in'the manner described. The longitudinal steel insertions 2| are placed in longitudinal grooves of the slabs and the grooves are filled in with cement after the steel has been inserted. Instead of longitudinal steel members cemented in the slabs in the manner described, short pins may be provided which extend across the joints receiving the connections 20.

In addition to this, a second longitudinal memher, or pin, 23 may be provided below'the mem-.

her, or pin, 2| in the slabs 2, and a second connecting member 22 be placed about the parts 2| and 23 in the joints. The ends of the members 22 are placed in the groove l9, and connected at 6". The lower longitudinal steel members 8 in the flanges 30 of the beams, and the

members

20, 22

- with the longitudinal members, or pins, 2| and filled with cement, as and for the purpose speci-.

fled. The connection at 25 is so made that it imparts initial tension to the members 24 and the bearing capacity of the system of beams and slabs is further, and considerably, increased thereby, and the system is equal to an integrally cast ceiling of reinforced concrete.

Referring now to Fig. 14, where arcuate slabs 3 are provided, each slab has a pair of superimposed

longitudinal steel members

26 and 21, and the connecting members 20 are placed about both

longitudinal members

26 and 21 in each slab, their endsbeing connected in the groove H; at 6', and covered with cement, as described. This is also a basket-like and very strong structure.

The structures described with reference to Figs. 13 and 14 may also be combined with the racklike connection illustrated in Figs. 11 and 12. Recesses l1 are shown in r 'g. 14.

Supporting the plaster is easy with troughshaped slabs, as will appear from Fig. 5, since the bottoms of the troughs present surfaces for the plaster to adhere to. With arcuate slabs. however, extra bars It! must be arranged for this purpose, as shown in Figs. 6, '7', 10, and 14. The bars are made of reinforced concrete and are placed on the flanges 30 with their stepped ends. They also support any cables, heating pipes, etc, which may be placed in the cavity below the arcuate slabs 3. l

The beams or I, the

slabs

2 or 3, and the mortar-supporting bars Ill, are made on a quantity production basis and allowed to solidify thoroughly. They are then assembled in situ, with an ample supply of mortar at the abutments and joints. In this manner, I obtain a fire-proof roof ing or ceiling structure assembled in dry condition which is as strong against thrust and tension as a cast-concrete structure.

I claim:

1. In a reinforced-concrete structure, hollow beams having upwardly converging abutment faces at both sides, steel insertions in the beams, slabs having abutment faces at theirsides to fit the abutment faces of the beams, and steel insertions in the slabs projecting beyond their abutment faces and connected together above the beams.

2. A reinforced-concrete structure as claimed in claim 1 wherein the upper faces of said hollow beams are provided with spaced grooves for accommodating said projecting steel insertions.

3. In a reinforced-concrete structure, hollow beams having upwardly converging abutment faces at both sides, loops and longitudinal members of steel in the beams, making up together a basket-like structure, slabs having abutment faces at their sides to fit the abutment faces of the beams, and steel insertions in the slabs pro- 5. Ina reinforced-concrete structure, hollow inverted trough-shaped beams having upwardly converging abutment faces at both sides, a transverse structure in the lower open side of the trough, steel insertions in the beams, and steel insertions in the cover plates connected tothe insertions in the beams, slabs having abutment faces at their sides to fit the abutment faces of the beams, and steel insertions in the slabs projecting beyond their abutment faces and connected together above the beams.

6. In a reinforced-concrete structure, hollow beams having upwardly converging abutment faces at both sides, steel insertions in the beams, slabs having abutment faces at their sides to fit the abutment faces of the beams, steel insertions in the slabs projecting beyond their abutment faces and connected together above the bearns,

and plaster-supporting loops projecting from the lower sides of the beams.

"I. In a reinforced-concrete structure, hollow beams having upwardly converging abutment faces at both sides, steel insertions in the beams including loops and lower longitudinal members, slabs having abutment faces at their sides to fit the abutment faces of the beams, steel members in the slabs arranged to cross the joints at the ends of the slabs, connecting members in the joints extending from the lower longitudinal members in the beams to the upper side of the beams in contact with the joint-crossing members, a connection for the free ends of theconnecting members above the beam, and steel insertions in the slabs projecting beyond theirabutment faces and also connected above the beams.

8. In a reinforced-concrete structure, hollow beams having upwardly converging abutment faces at both sides, steel insertions in the beams including loops and lower longitudinal members, slabs having abutment faces at their sides to fit the abutment faces of the beams, steel members in the slabs arranged to cross the joints at the ends of the slabs, connecting members in the joints extending from the lower longitudinal members in the beams tothe upper side of the beams in contact with the joint-crossing members, a connection for the free ends of the connecting members above the beam, steel insertions in the slabs projecting beyond their abutment faces and also connected above the beams, and transverse members connecting the insertions in the slabs acrossthe lower side of each beam.

9. In a reinforced-concrete structure, hollow beams having upwardly converging abutment faces at both sides, and spaced grooves in their upper and lower faces, steel insertions in the beams including loops and lower longitudinal members, slabs having abutment faces at their sides to fit the abutment faces of the beams, steel members in the slabs arranged to cross the joints at the ends of the slabs, connecting members in the joints extending from the lower longitudinal members in the beams to the upper side of the beams in contact with the jointcrossing members, a connection for the free ends of the members in the upper grooves of the beams, steel insertions in the slabs projecting beyond their abutment faces and also connected in the upper grooves of the beams, and transverse members connected to the insertions in the slabs with their inner ends, and connected to each other at their outer ends in the lower grooves of the beams.

10. In a reinforced-concrete structure, hollow beams having upwardly converging abutment faces at both sides, steel insertions in the beams, slabs having abutment faces at their sides to fit the abutment faces of the beams, steel insertions in the slabs projecting beyond their abutment faces and connected above the beams, and members connecting the insertions in the beams and in the slabs to make up a basket-like structure.

11. In a reinforced-concrete structure, hollow beams having upwardly converging abutment faces at both sides, steel insertions in the beams, slabs having abutment faces at their sides to fit the abutment faces of the beams, steel insertions in the slabs projecting beyond their abutment faces and connected togetherabovethe beams, and scarfed joints at the ends of the slabs.

12. In a reinforced-concrete structure, hollow trapezoidal beams having upwardly converging abutment faces at both sides, steel insertions in said beams, slabshaving abutment faces at their sides adapted to cooperate with the abutment faces of said beams, laterally projecting flanges on the lower portion of said beams, said slabs having complementary recessed portions adapted to fit over said flanges, whereby said slabs are supported thereon, and steel insertions in said slabs projecting beyond their abutment faces and connected together above said beams.

13. A reinforced-concrete structure as claimed in claim 12 wherein said protecting steel inser-