US2183980A - Signal-selecting system - Google Patents

Signal-selecting system Download PDF

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Publication number
US2183980A
US2183980A US61148A US6114836A US2183980A US 2183980 A US2183980 A US 2183980A US 61148 A US61148 A US 61148A US 6114836 A US6114836 A US 6114836A US 2183980 A US2183980 A US 2183980A
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Prior art keywords
frequency
carrier
signal
selector
control
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Expired - Lifetime
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US61148A
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English (en)
Inventor
Harold A Wheeler
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BAE Systems Aerospace Inc
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Hazeltine Corp
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Application filed by Hazeltine Corp filed Critical Hazeltine Corp
Priority to US61148A priority Critical patent/US2183980A/en
Priority to GB35257/36A priority patent/GB470450A/en
Priority to FR816905D priority patent/FR816905A/fr
Priority to DEH150382D priority patent/DE662827C/de
Priority to AT155177D priority patent/AT155177B/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US2183980A publication Critical patent/US2183980A/en
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03G—CONTROL OF AMPLIFICATION
    • H03G5/00—Tone control or bandwidth control in amplifiers
    • H03G5/16—Automatic control
    • H03G5/24—Automatic control in frequency-selective amplifiers
    • H03G5/26—Automatic control in frequency-selective amplifiers having discharge tubes

Definitions

  • This invention relates to modulated-carrier signal receivers and particularly to signal-selecting systems of such receivers and to methods of, and means for, controlling the selectivity and fidelity thereof to discriminate against undesired signals.
  • each program or signal is transmitted on a carrier frequency having two sidebands of modulation, usually extending 6 or more kilocycles on either side thereof.
  • the various broadcasting stations employ different carrier frequencies, and these frequencies, in present practice, are uniformly spaced throughout the broadcast frequency range, the spacing of adjacent carrier frequencies usually being 10 kilocycles.
  • the sideband frequencies of one carrier overlap, or closely encroach upon, those of an adjacent carrier received at the same location.
  • This condition frequently renders it difficult to adjust a receiver so as to receive and reproduce a desired signal without objectionable interference from undesired signals on carrier frequencies near the desired signal carrier, particularly when the strength of such undesired signals is comparable to or exceeds that of the desired signal.
  • static and other so-called background noises which are ordinarily present at the higher frequencies of the sidebands, may interfere with quiet operation.
  • the width of the selected band of frequencies be automatically controlled in accordance with the conditions of reception, the band being contracted when interference on an undesired frequency is received with sufficient amplitude appreciably to impair the reception and being expanded to maxi mum width in the absence of such interference, passing all of the sideband frequencies of the desired signal and providing maximum fidelity.
  • a modulated-carrier signal receiver is provided with a band-pass selector for selecting a desired signal comprising a carrier frequency and its sidebands of modulation frequencies.
  • the selector is automatically controlled so that the width of one, or both, of the two sidebands oi the ,desired signal passed thereby is independently adjusted inversely in accordance with the amplitude of undesired signals on frequencies near the desired carrier and on the same side thereof as the respective sideband.
  • the band-pass selector embodies a doubletuned intermediate-frequency transformer, having both capacitive and inductive couplings proportioned normally to provide the maximum desired band width. Adjustable impedances are connected in circuit with these couplings. Shunting of the capacitive coupling operates to decrease the amount of coupling between the circuits and simultaneously to lower the mean resonant frequency of the selector. That is, the width of the band passed bv the selector is decreased and its center frequency is shifted to a lower frequency. The two effects are inherently coordinated so that there is no substantial change of the lower frequency limit of the band.
  • Shunting of the inductive cou ling operates to decrease the amount of the coupling between the circuits and simultaneously to raise the mean resonant frequencv of the selector. thus de creasing the width of the band and shifting the center frequency to a higher frequency.
  • Each of the shunting im edances is independently controlled and preferably comprises a vacuum tube which is connected across its respective coupl ng and is prov ded w th an associated individual control svstem.
  • Each of the control s stems is designed to favor undesired frequencies near the desired si nal carrier and on the same side thereof as the sideband which the particular control system.
  • tube and couplin are intended to adiust and to be least responsive to the desired signal carrier, so that the desired signal has a ne li ible effect on the expansion.
  • Fig. 1 is a circuit d agram of a complete superheterodyne radio receiver.
  • artly schematic. embodving the presen invent on. and F s. 2 and 3 are raphs representing certain o erating characteristics of the recei er to aid in the understanding of the invpni'inn
  • Fig. 1 there is shown schematically a su erheterodyne radio receiver embodyin the invention in a preferred form.
  • the receiver includes a tunable radio-frecuency am lifier 1 having its input connected with an antenna 8 and ground 9 and its output connected to an oscillator-modulator ID.
  • the output of the oscillator-modulator is connected to intermediate-freouency amplifiers l2 and I3. which are coupled by means of a bandpass selector system H.
  • An automatic amplification control or A. V. C. rectifier i i is also coupled to the output amplifier l2 and the control voltage developed thereby is applied over suitable leads to the control grids of the tubes of the amplifiers i2 and 1 and the oscillator-modulator Hi to control the amplification and maintain the output of the amplifier I 2 approximately constant, all in accordance with conventional practice.
  • the system I4 forms a part of the present nven ion and is hereinafter described in detail.
  • the amplifler l3 includes one or more amplifying stages each comprising a vacuum tube l5, preferably of the conventional pentode type, and a selective coupling network [1, the final network I! being coupled to a detector and audio-frequency system IS.
  • the network I! includes an intermediate-frequency transformer having a primary winding l8, which is included in the output circuit of the tube l5 and is tuned to the intermediate frequency by condensers l9, and a secondary winding which is included in the input of the system i6 and is tuned to the intermediate frequency by a condenser 2
  • a suitable source of operating potentials is provided for the tube l5, as indicated by the battery 22.
  • a suitable biasing resistor 23 and by-pass condenser 24 are included in the cathode circuit of the tube.
  • the coupling between the windings of transformer i1 is on the order of optimum, preferably somewhat greater than optimum, thereby to pass a band of frequencies including the selected intermediate frequency and its two sidebands of modulation.
  • the system above described comprises a conventional superheterodyne receiver.
  • the operation of such a receiver is well understood in the art and detailed explanation thereof is, therefore, unnecessary.
  • signals intercepted by the antenna are selected and amplified in the amplifier l and converted to intermediate frequencies; in the conventional manner, in the oscillator-modulator Ill.
  • the intermediate frequencies are then selected and amplified in the amplifier l2, selector l4 and amplifier l3.
  • the amplified intermediate-frequency signals are thereupon transmitted to the detector and audio-frequency system l6, wherein the audio-frequency signals are derived, amplified and supplied, in the usual manner, to a loudspeaker for reproduction.
  • the AVC rectifier develops the control voltage from a part of the output of the amplifier l2 and this voltage is utilized, as above explained, to maintain the amplitude of the output of the amplifier 12 within a relatively narrow range for a wide range of signal amplitudes at the input of the receiver.
  • the selector circuit per se, comprises an intermediate-frequency transformer 25 having a primary winding 26 included in the output circuit of the frequency changer l8 and a secondary winding 2! included in the input of the intermediate-frequency amplifier l3.
  • Adjustably fixed condensers 28 and 29 are connected, respectively, across the primary and secondary circuits, as illustrated, individually to tune these circuits to the intermediate frequency.
  • the capacitive coupling comprises condensers 30 and ti in series, connected between the high alternating potential ends of the windings 26 and 21.
  • a condenser .32 is connected between the junction of the condensers 30-3! and ground and a condenser 33 is also connected between this junction and ground through a control network including a vacuum tube, which provides effectively an adjustable shunt impedance for the capacitive coupling 30-39, as hereinafter described.
  • the preferred relationship which can be shown mathematically, is that the self-reactance of the condenser 33 plus the self-reactance of the condensers 3t, 32 and 3i in parallel is much greater than the minimum apparent resistance of the tube 36 shunting this network for contracting the upper part of the frequency band.
  • the inductive coupling comprises a link circuit including a winding 3d coupled to the primary winding 26 of the transformer, and a winding 35 coupled to the secondary winding 27.
  • a control network including a vacuum tube is similarly eifectively shunted across this link circuit.
  • Coil 3% is moderately coupled to the coil 26 and coil 35 is moderately coupled to the coil 27; moderately coupled being intended to mean coupled on the order of per cent., for example, from 10 to 40 per cent.
  • the inductive coupling is poled to aid the capacitive coupling.
  • the self-reactance of the coils 34 and 35 in parallel should preferably be made much greater than the minimum apparent resistance of the tube 3i shunting this coupling network.
  • vacuum tubes 36 and 37 For controlling the capacitive and inductive couplings there are provided vacuum tubes 36 and 37, respectively, which may be of any suitable type, such as triodes, as illustrated.
  • the control tubes 36 and 3?, as above mentioned, are connected effectively in shunt, respectively, with the capacitive and inductive couplings of the selector.
  • a coupling condenser 38 having relatively a large capacitance, is interposed in the anode circuit of each of the tubes and serves to isolate its electrode circuits from its coupling circuit.
  • a condenser 39 having a capacitance of a higher order than the intereiectrode capacitance of its respective tube, is connected between the anode and control grid of each tube and thereby provides a degenerative effect which greatly lowers the apparent plate resistance of the tube during normal operation.
  • the apparent plate resistance of the tube is made substantially equal to the actual plate resistance divided by +1), where a is the amplification constant of the tube.
  • the condenser 33 has the effect of multiplying the plate conductance of each of the tubes'3t3l by +1) This does not, however, affect the minimum value of plate conductance, which is substantially zero, but greatly increases the maximum Value and, therefore, the range of operation.
  • Suitable operating potentials are supplied for the tubes 36 and 3l by means of a source of voltage, as indicated by the batteries it.
  • An inductance element M of high impedance at the intermediate frequency is included in the anode circuit of each of the tubes 38, 31!.
  • the cathodes of the tubes are connected to an intermediate point on the source 40 to provide the desired initial bias voltages for the tubes.
  • An isolating resistor 42 is included in the grid circuit of each of the tubes 36 and 3t, and a bypass condenser 43 is connected between the lower 56 in conventional manner.
  • each -resistor 42 preferably has a resistance of the order of 1 megohm and serves to determine the grid bias without substantially dissipating the intermediate-frequency voltage applied to the grid by the coupling condenser 38.
  • each tube constitutes substantially a pure resistance or conductance effectively shunting its respective coupling.
  • have very high inductance and be approximately resonant with the inherent capacitance of its respective tube and circuit connections at the intermediate frequency.
  • the condensers 38 have, at the intermediate frequency, a much lower reactance than the inductance elements Bl.
  • the system at comprises an amplifier tube 46, preferably of the pentode type, having its control grid connected to an intermediate tap in the capacitive arm of the tuned primary circuit of the coupling transformer l1 through a coupling condenser 61. Operating potentials are provided for the tube 46 from a suitable source, as indicated by the battery 5d.
  • the cathode circuit includes a suitable biasing resistor 55, by-passed by condenser A condenser 58 and coil 49 are connected in series to form a shunt trap between the control grid and ground.
  • the trap is tuned to the intermediate carrier frequency and, with the condenser 41, provides a selective network proportioned and arranged to have a peak in its response characteristic at a frequency about 10 kilocycles above the intermediate frequency, as will be hereinafter described.
  • the output of the amplifier 46 is coupled to a rectifier 50 by an insulating transformer 5i.
  • the transformer Si is designed to pass approximately uniformly, a frequency band in excess of about 20 kilocycles on each side of the intermediate frequency; that is, it is not intended to have a material effect on the frequency characteristic of the control system near the intermediate-frequency carrier.
  • the load circuit of the rectifier includes a resistor 57 shunted by an intermediate-frequency by-pass condenser 58.
  • the tube 46 operates as the conventional intermediate-frequency amplifier, and the tube 50 as a conventional diode rectifier.
  • the voltage developed across the resistor 57 is applied to the control grid of the tube 36 by way of a resistor 59 and the previously mentioned resistor #52.
  • the resistor 51 is preferably on the order of 0.1 megohm, while the resistor 59 is preferably of a somewhat greater value.
  • the time constant of operation of the control system 44 is determined principally by the resistor 59 and condenser &3. This time constant is not critical but is preferably on the order of the time constant of the usual automatic volume control, for example, of the order of 0.1 second.
  • the control grid of the tube 46 in the system 45 is connected to an intermediate tap in the inductive arm of the tuned primary circuit of the transformer II by way of a selective network 4lal849, which is substantially identical with that of the system 44, just described, excepting that here a coupling inductance element 41a is employed instead of the condenser 41 of system 44.
  • the elements of the selective network of the system 45 are proportioned to cause a peak in the transmission characteristic curve at a frequency kilocycles below the intermediate carrier frequency.
  • the remaining portion of the control system 45 is like the system 44, and the bias voltage developed by its rectifier 50 is similarly applied to the control electrode of its associated control tube 31.
  • Fig. 2 the frequency-response characteristics of the selective circuits 41-48-49 and 4'
  • the relative gain, in decibels, of these circuits is plotted against frequency difference, in kilocycles, from the intermediate-frequency carrier, indicated as 0.
  • the solid line curve 60 illustrates the characteristic of the selective circuit of the control system
  • illustrates the characteristic of the selective circuit of the control system 45. It will be apparent from the curves 60 and 6
  • the control system 44 When there is being received an undesired signal of appreciable intensity on a carrier frequency near the desired signal carrier and resulting in an intermediate frequency above that of the desired signal, the control system 44, by virtue of its selective action described above, develops a unidirectional voltage which is impressed positively upon the grid of the tube 35, thereby increasing the tube conductance across the capacitive coupling of the selector M.
  • This increase of the tube conductance effects a reduction of the coupling between the winding of the transformer 25 to contract the frequency band passed by the selector and simultaneously lower the mean resonant frequency of the selector.
  • the effect therefore, is a contraction of the upper sideband. This contraction is indicated by the transition from curve 62 to the curve 63 in Fig. 3.
  • the tube 31 and its control system 45 operates in substantially the same manner to effect a contraction of the lower sideband of the desired signal, that is, the increase of the conductance of the tube 31 effects a reduction in the coupling between the windings of the transformer 25 to contract the band passed by the selector and simultaneously raise the mean resonant frequency thereof.
  • the effect in this instance is a contraction of the lower sideband, as is indicated by the transition from curve 62 to the curve 64.
  • This contraction is symmetrical when the undesired signals at the opposite sides have equal interference values, that is, are of equal intensities and equally spaced on either side of the carrier frequency of the desired signal, while the contraction is unsymmetrical when the signals at the opposite sides have unequal interference values. That is, the contraction is accompanied by a shifting of the center of the selected band of frequencies in a direction away from the side on which the undesired signal has the greater interference value, or, in other words, the receiver is adjusted to vary the frequency difference between the mean resonant frequency of the selector and the desired signalcarrier frequency, thereby effectively to adjust the difference between suclnmean resonant frequency and the undesired signal proportionally to the amplitude of the undesired signal.
  • An electric circuit arrangement for controlling the selectivity of a modulated-carrier signal receiver to discriminate against undesired signals on carrier frequencies near the desired signal carrier frequency at either opposite side thereof and including a band-pass selector adapted to pass the desired. carrier frequency and its modulation sidebands, comprising means for adjusting said selector inversely in accordance with the intensity of the undesired signals on one side of the desired signal carrier frequency to control the width primarily of only the modulation sideband at said side passed by said selector, and separate means for adjusting said selector inversely in accordance with the intensity of the undesired signals on the other side of said desired signal carrier frequency to control the width primarily of only the modulation sideband at said other side passed by said selector.
  • a selectivity control system comprising means for adjusting said selector to control the width of one of said sidebands passed thereby independently of the width of the other sideband, means responsive to the amplitude of undesired signals on frequencies near the carrier frequency of said desired signal and at the same side thereof as said one of said sidebands for developing a control effect, and means for applying said control effect to said adjusting'means to effect adjustment thereof inversely in accordance with said undesired signal amplitude.
  • a selectivity control system comprising means for adjusting said selector to control the width of said band passed thereby and for simultaneously effectively shifting the mean resonant frequency of said selector, means responsive to the amplitude of an undesired signal on a frequency near the carrier frequency of said desired signal for developing a control effeet, and means for applying said control effect to said adjusting means to effect said band width adjustment inversely in accordance with said undesired signal amplitude and effectively to shift the mean resonant frequency of said selector in a direction away from said undesired signal.
  • a selectivity control system comprising means for adjusting said selector to contract the width of the band passed thereby and for simultaneously shifting the mean resonant frequency of said selector, means responsive to the amplitude of an undesired signal on a frequency near the carrier frequency of said desired signal for developing a control effect, and means for applying said control effect to said adjusting means to effect contraction of said band width and effectively to shift the mean resonant frequency of said selector in a direction away from said undesired signal by an amount substantially equal to one-half the amount of said contraction.
  • a selectivity control system comprising means for adjusting said selector to control the width primarily of only one of said sidebands passed thereby inversely in accordance with the amplitude of an undesired signal on a carrier frequency near the carrier frequency of said desired signal and at the same side thereof as said sideband, and separate means for automatically and independently adjusting said selector to control the width primarily of only the other of said sidebands inversely in accordance with the amplitude of an undesired signal on a carrier frequency near the carrier frequency of said desired signal and at the same side thereof as saidother sideband.
  • a selectivity control system comprising means for adjusting said selector to contract the width of the band of frequencies passed thereby and simultaneously to shift the mean resonant frequency of said selector in either direction, means responsive to the amplitude of undesired signals on frequencies near the carrier frequency of said desired signal and at either side thereof for developing control efiects, and means for applying said control effects to said adjusting means to effect band width contraction and to shift said mean resonant frequency in a direction away from the undesired signal having the greater interference value, whereby said band is adjusted symmetrically when said undesired signals at said opposite sides have equal interference values and unsymmetrically when said undesired signals at said opposite sides have unequal interference values.
  • a selectivity control system comprising means for reducing the coupling between said circuits to contract the width of the band of frequencies passed by said selector and simultaneously to detune said circuits, means responsive to the amplitude of undesired signals on frequencies near the carrier frequency of said desired signal and at the side thereof for developing a control effect, and means for applying said control effect to said coupling reducing means to effect said band width contraction and said detuning of said circuits in a direction away from said undesired signal.
  • a modulated-carrier signal receiver including a band-pass selector for selecting a desired signal comprising a carrier and'modulation sidebands, said selector comprising primary and secondary circuits each tuned to the frequency of the carrier of said desired signal, a capacitive coupling between said circuits, an inductive coupling between said circuits, adjustable impedance means effectively in circuit with said capacitive coupling, adjustable impedance means effectively in circuit with said inductive coupling, means for independently controlling the one said impedance means in accordance with the amplitude of an undesired signal on a carrier frequency near and above the carrier frequency of saiddesired signal, and means for independently controlling the other said impedance means in accordance with the amplitude of an undesired signal on a carrier frequency near and below the carrier frequency of said desired signal.
  • a band-pass selector for selecting a desired signal comprising a carrier and modulation sidebands
  • said selector comprising primary and secondary circuits each tuned to the carrier frequency of said desired signal, a capacitive coupling between said circuits, an inductive coupling between said circuits, a vacuum tube conductance for effectively reducing said capacitive coupling, a vacuum tube conductance for effectively reducing said inductive coupling, means for adjusting the first said conductance directly in accordance with the amplitude of an undesired signal on a carrier frequency near and above the carrier frequency of said desired signal, and means for independently adjusting the second said conductance in accordance with the amplitude of an undesired signal on a carrier frequency near and below the carrier frequency of said desired si nal.
  • a selectivity control system comprising means including a selective circuit most responsive at a frequency at the outer edge of one of the sidebands of frequencies passed by said selector for developing a control efiect, means for adjusting said selector to control the width of said one of said sidebands independently of the width of the other of the sidebands of frequencies passed by said selector, and means for'applying said control effect to said adjusting means to effect adjustment of the width of said one of said sidebands inversely in accordance with the amplitude of undesired signals on frequencies at said edge.
  • a selectivity control system comprising means including a pair of selective circuits most responsive, respectively, at frequencies at the outer edges of the sidebands of frequencies passed by said selector for developing individual control effects in accordance with the amplitude of undesired signals on frequencies at said outer edges, means for adjusting said selector to control the width of either of said sidebands independently of the width of the other of the sidebands, and means for applying said control effects to said adjusting means for effecting adjustments of the widths of said sidebands inversely in accordance with the amplitude of said undesired signals on frequencies at their respective outer edges.
  • a selectivity control system comprising a selective circuit most responsive at a frequency at the outer edge of one of the sidebands of frequencies passed by said selector, rectifying means coupled to said circuit for deriving a unidirectional voltage in accordance with the amplitude of signals on frequencies passed by said selective circuit, and means for utilizing said voltages to adjust said selector to control the width of the sideband of frequencies passed thereby on the same side of said carrier frequency of said desired signal as said edge, independently of the width of the other sideband.
  • the method of controlling the selectivity of a modulated-carrier signal receiver to discriminate against undesired signals on carrier frequencies near the carrier frequency of a desired signal, at the opposite sides thereof which comprises selecting the desired signal including its carrier and modulation sidebands, and independently adjusting the width of either of said selected sidebands inversely in accordance with the amplitude of the undesired signal at the same side of the carrier frequency of said desired signal as the respective sideband.
  • the method of controlling the selectivity of a modulated-carrier signal receiver to discriminate against an undesired signal on a frequency near the carrier frequency of a desired signal, at one side thereof which comprises selecting the desired signal including its carrier and modulation sidebands and adjusting the width of the selected sideband on the same side of the carrier frequency of the desired signal as said undesired signal inversely in accordance with the amplitude of said undesired signal and independently of the width of the other sideband passed by said receiver.
  • a selectivity control system comprising means responsive to the amplitude of an undesired signal on a frequency near the desired-signal carrier frequency at one side thereof for developing a control effect, means for adjusting said selector to shift the mean resonant frequency thereof, and means for applying said control eifect to said adjusting means effectively to shift the mean resonant frequency of said selector in a direction away from the undesired signal.
  • a selectivity control system comprising means for adjusting the receiver to vary the frequency diiference between the mean resonant frequency of said selector and the desired-signal carrier frequency, means responsive tothe amplitude of an undesired signal on a frequency near the desired-signal carrier frequency at one side thereof for developing a control effect, and means for applying said control effect to said adjusting means effectively to adjust the difference between said mean resonant frequency and said undesired-signal frequency proportionately to said undesired signal amplitude.
  • a selectivity control system comprising means responsive to the interference values of undesired signals on frequencies near the desired-signal carrier frequency and at either side thereof for developing a control efiect, means for adjusting said selector to shift the mean resonant frequency thereof, and means for applying said control effect to said adjusting means effectively to shift the mean resonant frequency of said selector in a direction away from the frequency of that one of said undesired signals having the greater interference value by an on frequencies near the desired-signal carrier frequency and at either side thereof for developing individual control effects, and means for utilizing said control effects to control said adjusting means effectively to increase the difference between said mean resonant frequency and the frequency of that one of said undesired signals having the greater interference value by an amount substantially proportional to said difierence between the interference values of the undesired 10 signals.

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US61148A 1936-01-28 1936-01-28 Signal-selecting system Expired - Lifetime US2183980A (en)

Priority Applications (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US61148A US2183980A (en) 1936-01-28 1936-01-28 Signal-selecting system
GB35257/36A GB470450A (en) 1936-01-28 1936-12-23 New and improved high-frequency electric signal-selecting systems
FR816905D FR816905A (fr) 1936-01-28 1937-01-26 Montage de réception d'oscillations haute fréquence
DEH150382D DE662827C (de) 1936-01-28 1937-01-27 Schaltung zur Aufnahme von Hochfrequenzschwingungen, bei welcher eine selbsttaetige Regelung der durchgelassenen Bandbreite erfolgt
AT155177D AT155177B (de) 1936-01-28 1937-01-28 Schaltung zur Aufnahme von Hochfrequenzschwingungen mit selbsttätiger Selektivitätsregelung.

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US61148A US2183980A (en) 1936-01-28 1936-01-28 Signal-selecting system

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US2183980A true US2183980A (en) 1939-12-19

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US61148A Expired - Lifetime US2183980A (en) 1936-01-28 1936-01-28 Signal-selecting system

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US (1) US2183980A (fr)
AT (1) AT155177B (fr)
DE (1) DE662827C (fr)
FR (1) FR816905A (fr)
GB (1) GB470450A (fr)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2476964A (en) * 1942-07-17 1949-07-26 Int Standard Electric Corp Receiving system for frequency or pulse modulated electromagnetic waves
US2498954A (en) * 1946-05-07 1950-02-28 Panoramic Radio Corp Panoramic receiver with means for modifying signal pulses applied to indicators

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB856892A (en) * 1957-11-14 1960-12-21 Collins Radio Co Means for reducing the threshold of angular-modulation receivers

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2476964A (en) * 1942-07-17 1949-07-26 Int Standard Electric Corp Receiving system for frequency or pulse modulated electromagnetic waves
US2498954A (en) * 1946-05-07 1950-02-28 Panoramic Radio Corp Panoramic receiver with means for modifying signal pulses applied to indicators

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR816905A (fr) 1937-08-20
DE662827C (de) 1938-07-25
AT155177B (de) 1938-12-10
GB470450A (en) 1937-08-16

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