US218371A - Improvement in magazine fire-arms - Google Patents

Description

elevation of a portion of the same, showing ythe passage ot' a cartridge from the magazine UNITED STAT-Es PATENT OEEIGE.,

l WILLIAM H. ELLIOT, 0F YORK, N. Y.

IMPROVEMENT IN MAGAZINE FIRE-ARMS.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 2l S,371dated August 12, 1879; application filed February To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, IVM. H. ELLIOT, of the city and State of New York, have invented a new and Improved Magazine Fire-Arm, o f which tlie following is a specification.

The object and nature of my invention are described -as follows: The object of my invention is to provide a more convenient, simpler, and more practical magazine fire-arm than any'now in use; and the nature of my invention consists in the use of certain appliances alid methods which are fully set forth in the following specification and claims.

In Sheet 1, Figure lis a vertical longitiidinal section of my iniproved'arm. Fig. 2 is an to the receiving-chamber. Fig, 3 is a section of the bolt and lock, showing the several devices in their relative positions, the rear portion ofI this ligure being in verticaly section and the front portion in horizontal section. Fig. 4 represents the con necting-piece between the trigger and sear. Fig. 5 represents two views of the notch or tumbler plate. Fig. 6 is a vertical cross-section of the bolt,`showing the extractor in front elevation. Fig. 7 is a side elevation ot' a follower. Fig. 8 is a rear elevation of the extractor. Fig. 9 is a front elevation of a follower. Fig. 10 is a plan of a modification ot' the movable guides for the bolt. Fig. 11 is an elevation of thc same, -showing the rearend of the receiver in vertical crosssection. In Sheet 2, Fig. 12 is an elevation of my improved arm with the side plate removedanil the 'stock in vertical section. Figui-3 is an elevation of the bolt-and the devices for feedingfthe cartridges from the magazine, showing the several parts in their relative positions. Fig; 14 isa plan ofthe rear end ofthe receiver and bolt. Fig. 15 represents the connecting-link between the bolt and the devices which control the magazine, and a section of the bolt. Fig. 16 is a side elevationof the doublefeed-pawl. Fig. 17 is an end elevation of the same. Fig. 18 represents a modilication of the double feedpawl. Fig'. 19 is an end elevation of the saine. a is the receiver, into the forward end of which the barrel b is screwed. a is that portion of the receiver into which the magazine! forward end of the rod; d, mainspriiig; e,

washer, with tubular extension, resting against screw-cap c when the lock is at rest; c', washer resting upon shoulder c"; e',' screwcap on the forward end of the bolt; g, scar, pivoted 4or otherwise fastened to the head 0"; g', point of the same; g", s'afety part of the full-cock notch; h, tumbler or notch plate; It and h, full-cock and half -cock notches on the same; h', low part of the full cock notch; 17, curved connecting-piece between the sear q and the trigger 1W,- i, joint between the two; i", .pivot of the trigger; j, movable gnidefor the forward end of the cartridgv, carrier for the rear end, cover for the niagazine, and bottom of the rear portion of the receiving-chamber; j', pivot of the saine; j", spring, and j" stop of the same; m, eartridges; m', follower; m", a part of the follower cut away; lm, magazine-springs; n', bottom of the forward Vpart of the receivingchaniber; a', projecting portion of guide j,which forins the bottom of the vrear end of the saine. By receiving-chamber I mean that portion ofthe receiver into which the-cartridge passes from the magazine immediately behind the 'chamber of the band. I

n", eject-ing-pin; a'", pins on the sides of the followers,which run in slots' or grooves in the sides of the magazine-tubes; o, extractor; o', cylindrical' port-ion of the saine; o",

connection between the cylindrical part and the outer shell and hook; 0spring of the extractor; p, connecting device between the bolt and the double feed-pawl r; p', nose of the same; p", groove in the side of the bolt,

' in which the nose p' runs; pf", joint between the device p andl double feed-pawl r,- if', pivot or axisfof the donblefeed pawl;'1"', points of the saine; r', cartridge-stop upon thesame; s, spring of the same; s', .springof the sear g,- s, arm on the feed-pawl, Figs. 18 and 19; t, narrow portion of the slot in the a essere upper side of the receiver, along which the handle c passes; t', wide. portion of the same; u, support of the curved guiding-surtaces u and u"; u', stop for thebackward movement of the bolt; c, stop for limiting the rotary movement of the support u; fv, c", and v, notches for holding the support in several positions; w, projection on the guide j, whereby it is pulled out of the receiver for the purpose of loading the magazine.

My invention refers to that kind of magazine-arm in which the brceclrblock has a reciprocal movement in a line with thebarrel for opening and closing the chamber. and au oscillating movement for locking t-he saine.

For a magazine I employ two or more stationary tubes, wit-h their cartridge-propelling devices ofthe ordinary construction, whicliare loca-ted in the breech or butt-stock of thearm.

These tubes are soldered or otherwise fastened to the receiver, and, extending through the butt-stock, are screwed at their rear ends to the butt-plate in such a way as to force the butt-stock upon the receiver, and to add their strength to the breech of the arm.

' I have shown a magazine composed of two tubes, one arranged over the other. They may, however, be arranged side'by side; or three tubes may be used, instead of two, with equal facility.

The method and devices herein shown for operating the. armV and feeding the cartridges from the magazine into the receiving-,chamber willwork equally well in conpection with a magazine of one or more tubes arranged un.-A

der the barrel.

To load the magazine,the movable guide or cover j has'iirst to be pulled out. at the'bottom of the receiver, as shown in Fig. 12. In this position the spring j, owing to its peculiar application, has no tendency to carry the cover into the receiver, but holds it from moving as a friction-spring after it passes the stop j'".

For the purpose of displacing the guide or carrier from before the magazine, so as to enable me to charge that device through the bottom of the receiver and over the carrier, I pivot the latter to the lower part of the receiver,nnder, or nearly under, the mouth of the magazine, whereby it is practical to swing it entirely out of the' receiver, and also to make it serve as acover to the magazine when closed. This device may be pivoted to the rcceiverat almost any other point and still perform many, but not all, of the functions claimed for it in the arrangement shown. Some of its peculiar features are in its being so constructed that while it is being pushed out of the way by the advancing cartridge it at the same time serves as a guide to direct that cartridge toward thereceiving-chamber, and that when theadvancing cartridge ceasesI to act upon it, it becomes a carrier, to lift that cartridge suiiciently into line with the barrel that it may be pushed forward by the bolt.

of some or all of its functions.

The projection .aLis spring-tempered, and is made topass the stop by depressing it a little.

The magazinetubes are charged in the usual way, the two points of the catching the heads of the cartridges as they pass it, and 'so' retain them inthe magazine. The feed-pawl swings laterally a little upon its axis, to allow a cartridge to pass it in loading the magazine, but immediately returns to its central position again by the action of spring S. In passing the cartridge into the magazine the ball is pushed against and fol-- lows the curved guide a, which is arranged charging both tubes.

The fecd-pawl r is pivoted to the receiver at r', and is connected tothe bolt at its for-- ward end by means of the device p, which is jointed to the pawl at p, and has a nose or projection, p', on its upper end, which slides along the groove p in the side of the bolt. The ejectingfpin, which projects into the receivingchamber, also slides along in the same groove. end, so that turning the bolt to lock it does not interfere with theejecting-pin, nor give any movement to the connection p or pawl r. When the bolt is drawn back in working the so as to greatly facilitatethe operation of .arm the ejecting-pin passes out of the groove, vbut the nose of the connecting device remains in it, as shown bydotted lines in Fig. 13. While in this position an oscillating movement given to the bolt communicates an oscillating movement to, the feed-pawl by means of the device p-that isto say, when the handle c is -moved tothe rightthe device p 1s raised, the rear end of the feed-pawl depressed, and the first cartridge in the upper tube is released from the upper point of the pawl, and immediately moves forward against the guide or cover of the magazine and throws itopen against the action of spring j. Depressing the rear end ofthe feed-pawl carries the stop r" into'- the upper tube, and against thisstop the head of the moving cartridge catches and stops until the feed-pawl is allowed to return to its central position, when the cartridge again moves forward until it reaches the position shown in Fig. 2.

At this moment the second cartridge, having been caught by the feed-pawl, ceases to act upon the first, and the device j ceases to be a guide, and, as before stated,.becomes a carrier. A gas-tight cover is placed over the mouth of the magazine, and a iirin support provided for the rear end of the cartridge, all by the action of spring j".

Moving' the handle c to the left raises the rearlend of feed-pawl r and releases a cartridge from the lower tube, when the same devices perform the same functions, whereby the double feed-paw] This groove is widened at its rea-r' first cartridge in the lower tube passes into the ree'eivingchamber in the manner already described.

By the same movement of the feed-pawl which liberates acartridge in one tube thc cartridges in the other tube are more securely 'locked in, as the withdrawal of one point of the feed-pawl from a tube causes the other point of that device to press more heavily upon the first cartridge in the other tube.

To prevent the guide j from heilig thrown too far by the swiftly-passing cartridge from the lower tube, the stop j may be employed.

AThis stops the movement of the guide at the right point, the eartrid ges from the upper tube being but slightly bent ont of a direct course by theguide. No stopis required.

The connecting,` device pnecd notnecessarily be a separate piece from the teed-pawl. It may be an extension ofthe same.

The cut or slot `t through the top ofl the receiver, along which the handle c' passes, is widened at its extreme rear end, as seen at t', Fig. 1.4, so as to provide roonrfor the oscillation of the handle when the bolt is drawn back.

To use the arm asa single lneechloader and reserve the magazine, it is only necessary to draw the bolt directly back, without oscillating it in either direction, in which case no cartridge will be delivered from the magazine, but may be supplied from the cartridge-box.

To render the oscillating' movement of the bolt automatic, l employ two movable curved guides, u and n", suppoi ted on the rear end of the receiver by device u, which oscillates to a certain extent, its movements being limited by stop e. This device or support is shown in Fig.' 1.4 occupying the middle position for single breech-loading, in which case the handle of the bolt strikes it at u", and is not turned by it in either direction; but when the support is turned to the right, carrying the curved surface or guide n' to the position of the dotted lines, the handle, being drawn back, strikes the guide n', and is by it crowded over to the right, which delivers a cartridge from the up per tube. When the support is turned to the left, the curved guide u crowds the handle over to the left and delivers` a cartridge from the lower tube.

rlhe point of the screw-stop n works in asiot in the receiver ot'jnstsullicient length to allow the neeesary movement of the curved guides. rlhis support is held iu position by friction. Itmay, however, be held, as shown in the modil lication, Fig. 1l, by springing' into notches.

Fig'. l() shows a modification, in which the handle is drawn back againstthe point-1d" for single breech-loinling, in which position the bolt cannot oscillate in either direction; but when the support is turned to the right against `suitable stops the guide u crowds theha-ndle to the left. When turned 4to the left the guide u' crowds the handle to the right. v

The extractor o (shown in Figs. I5, 6, and 8) is composed of three parts, o-the cylinder, the outer shell, and the connection o between washer or the head c.

the cylinder and shell. The cylinder `has av bearing upon the inner surface of the bolt,

which is cut away'to provide for the movements of the connection o, as seen in Fig. 6,

so as to allow thevoseillation of the bolt without oscillation of the extractor. This cut is covered by the outer shell of the extractor,

upon the forward end of which the hook is formed. When the bolt is pushed forward, the

hook enters a smallrecess cut in the end of thebarrel, passes over the head of the cartridge, and remains stationary while the bolt, oscillates. The cylinder o' is cut off diagonally. at each end, so that its forward end touches the screw-cap c" onlyat the bottom,

while its spring 0" acts upon it only at the top,

the effe-ct. of which is to cause the extractor to spring' down upon the head of the cartridge as it passes over it, and to render its hold upon the head of the cartridge positive while retracting the same.

The hammer-rod d is rendered rebounding by the two washers c and c'. The washer c rests against the inner end of the scre\\'cap e", and has a tulnllarextension, which passes through the screw-cap far enough to be driven iorward'by the head ofthe hammer-rml atthe moment the point 11 strikes the primer, as shown in Fig. 3. Washer e' rest-s against the shoulder 0 within t-he bolt.

rlhe hammer-rod is enlarged so as to form a shoulder at d. yWhen the hammer-rod is drawn back in the act of eockingg, the piece,` the shoulder d" catches the washer e', carrying it back with the spring` until the lock stands at full-cock. When the hammer-rod is released in tiring the piece it is driven forward by the mainspring nntil the washer e rests against the shoulder e", when the mainspring ceases its action in that direction; but the lmomentum the hammer-rod has acquired carries it forward against the primer and depresses the mainspring` at the rear end by the head c" comin g against. the tubular portion of the washer c. When the force of the'hammer-rod has been expended upon the primer,

the mainspringI immediately forces the washer e against the serewcap e, which drives the ham mer-rod back and withdraws the point d into the bolt, as shown inFig. 1. In this position the point g of the scar readily fallsinto the safety-notch hf'.

The tubular extension ofthe rear washer, e, need not necessarily be attached to'either the lt only serves to form a connection between the head and washer.

The tumbler or notch plate It, Fig. 5, is secured to the receiver directly vinder the rear end of the bolt. In pushing the bolt forward to close the chamber the point of the sear y catches upon the higher or safety portion of the fullcock notch y and arrests the-forward movement of the hammer-rod at full-cock. Then the bolt is turned upon its axis for locliing, the sear slides alongI the notch It -and rests upon the non-safety portion of it at h. From this position itis thrown in the act of firing 4 essere by the connecting device t', which is actuated by the trigger. The non-safety portion of the notch h is'a little lower than the safety part, which prevents the bolt from turning upon its axis, and consequently from being unlocked, while the piece is at full-cock, as the Sear will not slide from the low to the high part of the notch.

By referei e to Fig. y1 it may be seen that spring j serves'the double purpose of actuating the trigger and the cover j.

The two magazinetubes may be constructed of one sheet of metal, and for this purpose, on account of strength of material, convenience in fabricating, and freedom from rust, tinned steelplate is the most desirable.

The feed-paw] represented in Figs. 18 and 19 possesses the same features and performs the same functions as does the feed-pawl shown in Figs. 12 and 13, but differently arranged, the former oscillating upon an axis parallel with the tubes of the magazine, while the axis of the latter is at right angles to them.

To charge the magazine it is necessary tirst to push the bolt forward and lock it.

Having described my invention, what I desire to have secured to me by Letters Patent of the United States is- 1.2In a magazine re-arm, the construction and arrangement of the magazine a, carrier j, pivot j', and spring j" in relation to each 'other and to the receiver a, substantially 'as shown and described, whereby the charging of the magazine is effected through the bottom of the receiver and over the carrier, as set forth.

2. The combination of the movable guide' and carrier j and its actuatingspriug j with a magazine composed of two or more stationary tubes, each tube being provided with in-4 dependent cartridgepropelling mechanism, whereby the cartridges from the several tubes are delivered into one receiving-chamber, substantially as specified.

zine, andbottom lof the receiving-chamber,

substantially as specified.

4. The cover j of the magazine, provided with the extension n', and pivoted below the mouth of thevmagazine, whereby,-while it is in the closed position to cover the magazine, it also serves as a support for the head of the cartridge in the receiving-chamber, substantially as specified.

' 5. The washer e, with its extension, and the Washer e', in combination with the hammerrod d, spring d", and bolt c, constructed and operating as described, whereby the hammerrod is caused to rebound, substantially as set forth.

6. v The scar g, the stationary notches h and h, and the bent connecting-piece z', in combi nation with the bolt, hammer-rod, and trigger, operating'substantially as described.

7. In a magazine-arm, the combination of a double feed-paw), provided with the double shoulders or stop r and a single stop, r", with a reciprocating and oscillating bolt, having a suitable connection therewith, and a magazine composed of two tubes, whereby the cartridges in one tube are securely locked in, While one cartridge from the other tube is permitted to escape into the receiving-chamber, substantially as specified.

8. The combinationot' the movable curved guides u and u with the receiver and with the bolt, vwhereby the bolt is automaticaliy oscillated, substantially as and for the purpose specified.

wn. H. nnmofr.' Witnesses LOWELL ELLIOT, M. L. ELLIOT.

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