US2182887A - Sizing of rayon - Google Patents

Sizing of rayon Download PDF

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Publication number
US2182887A
US2182887A US117657A US11765736A US2182887A US 2182887 A US2182887 A US 2182887A US 117657 A US117657 A US 117657A US 11765736 A US11765736 A US 11765736A US 2182887 A US2182887 A US 2182887A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
rayon
sizing
weaving
skeins
solution
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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US117657A
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English (en)
Inventor
Lippmann Ernst Von
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Boehme Fettchemie GmbH
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Boehme Fettchemie GmbH
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Classifications

    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M15/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
    • D06M15/19—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with synthetic macromolecular compounds
    • D06M15/21—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • D06M15/227—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds of hydrocarbons, or reaction products thereof, e.g. afterhalogenated or sulfochlorinated
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M13/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
    • D06M13/10—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with compounds containing oxygen
    • D06M13/144—Alcohols; Metal alcoholates
    • D06M13/148—Polyalcohols, e.g. glycerol or glucose
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M13/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
    • D06M13/10—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with compounds containing oxygen
    • D06M13/224—Esters of carboxylic acids; Esters of carbonic acid
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M15/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
    • D06M15/01—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with natural macromolecular compounds or derivatives thereof
    • D06M15/03—Polysaccharides or derivatives thereof
    • D06M15/11—Starch or derivatives thereof
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M15/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
    • D06M15/19—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with synthetic macromolecular compounds
    • D06M15/21—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds

Definitions

  • Patented 12 1939 SIZING 0F RAYON Ernst von- Lippmann, Chemnitz, Germany, as-
  • This invention relates to the sizing of. rayon Y and more particularly to the treatment of rayon threads, yarn, skeins and the like, with a novel sizing agent which may be described broadly as highly acetylated monosaccharides and disaccharides.
  • the threads are not bound to a satis-
  • the fibers are sized with water insoluble methyl cellulose, satisfactory binding is not obtained and besides such treating agent must be removed from the yarn by treatment with an organic solvent.
  • the primary object of the instant invention is to provide a new class or sizing agents which when appliedv to rayon gives optimum binding qualities, and leads to a sized ead which is unaffected by storage over extended periods and is removable with facilityand with a minimum of expense.
  • the sizing agents employed'in accordance with the present invention may be referred to collectively' as highly acetylated saccharides having not more than two monosaccharide radicals in the molecule.
  • the saccharide' may be either an aldose or a ketose ora non-reducing saccharide and may. contain fromfive to twleve carbon atoms.
  • the instant invention is, independent ofthe method by which the acetyl derivatives of the saccharide are obtained, for several suitable methods are known. The only requirement is that the saccharide -be either whollyor almost wholly. esterified by the introduction of acetyl Germany December 24, I
  • Suitable compounds include the tetraand penta-acetyl derivatives of the monosac- I charides and the hexaand octa-acetyl derivatives of the disaccha'rides.
  • Satisfactory solvents for forming the solutions of the acetylated saccharides include organic sol vents such as pyridine; benzine, benzol and its homologues, and halogen hydrocarbons such as trichlorethylene and carbon tetrachloride.
  • acetylated saccharides of the instant invention may be supplemented by. other agents including sizing agents to improve the feel of the rayon or the binding of the threads.
  • Suitable agents include fats, waxes, vegetable or animal oils, mineral oils, sulfonated oils, higher 'molecular fatty alcohol sulfonates, which substances may be applied separately as in the form ,of oils as such, or'may be applied in admixture with the acetylated sugars of the present invention in suitable'solvents as herein described.
  • the sizing agents of the present invention .possess many advantages over prior substances used for this purpose. They are-colorless and do not have a tendency to decompose through oxidation during storage. Therefore, -the fibers sized in the manner described herein are not detrimentally affected by storage before thesame is woven or treated for the removal of the size.
  • the acetylated monoand disaccharides are ex.-
  • cellent binders for the threadsand the results vantages resulting from the use of the acetylated saccharides herein described lies in the fact that such -sizing agents may be removed from the fibers by merely treating the same with hot water.
  • The-reason that these substances can be removed from the threads with such extraordi- Y nary ease lies in certain cases in the relatively low melting point of the acetylated monoand disaccharides.- The removal is accomplished through the action of the hot water in melting the sizing agent, the melted agent being easily dispersed in the water.
  • a weakly alkaline agent such as a small amount of soda or borax
  • a weakly alkaline agent such as a small amount of soda or borax
  • the sizing agents of the present invention may be removed if desired by means of agents other than water, for example, by means of organic solvents such as pyridine, hydrocarbons such as benzine and benzol, or halogen hydrocarbons, for example, trichlorethylene.
  • organic solvents such as pyridine, hydrocarbons such as benzine and benzol, or halogen hydrocarbons, for example, trichlorethylene.
  • the acetylated saccharides contained in solutions formed by the use of such solvents may be recovered by evaporating and concentrating the used solution in known manner and employed again in a further sizing operation of additional rayon. Through the recovery of the used size and reuse of the same, the present process may be operated in a very economical manner. 4
  • Example 1 Viscose rayon skeins are treated at C. for about twenty minutes in a solution of 50 grams per liter of octa-acetyl-saccharose in trichlorethylene, during which time the skeins are continually agitated. Thereafter, the 'skens are removed, centrifuged and dried in a drying chamher at 40-45" C.
  • the yarn treated in this manner possesses a very good thread closure or is very satisfactorily bound and also possesses a relatively soft or non-harsh feel which is in an excellent condition for weaving.
  • the sizing agent after weaving, may be removed from the fibers by treating the same with water at 80-90 C. for a period of one hour. Since the size can be removed without difllculty in aqueous solutions, the operator may eliminate the separate step for removing the size, and thus may dye the material directly, since the finish is not affected in the preliminary treatments but is wholly removed in the dye bath.
  • Example 2 Cuprammonium rayon skeins are treated with a solution of 75 grams per liter of penta-acetyl glucose in a commercial pyridine mixture at a temperature of C. for a period of thirty minutes, during which t me the skeins are agitated in the solution. After centrifuging and drying at a temperature of 60-'l0 C., sized yarn is obtained having properties similar tothat described above in Example 1, but the yarn treated in the manner of this example has a particularly soft feel.
  • Example 3 Viscose rayon skeins are treated at a temperature of C. for a period of thirty minutes in a bath composed of a mixture of 10 grams of penta-acetyl glucose and 5 grams of olive oil which have been dissolved in'one'.liter of trichlorethylene.
  • the skeins are agitated during the treatment and upon its completion, they are :removed, then centrifuged and finally dried at 40-50 C.
  • the size may be removed by a treatment with benzine, benzol, toluol, trichlorethylene, carbon tetrachloride or pyridine.
  • the mixture of penta-acetyl glucose and olive oil can be recovered from the solvent and used again in the treatment of another batch of rayon.
  • the treatment described in the above examples is satisfactory for the sizing of acetate rayons, as well as for the sizing of viscose and cuprammonium rayons.
  • other acetylated saccharides may be employed in the processes of the above examples, for example, the penta-acetate derivatives of fructose and galactose, which compounds may be suitably obtained by complete acetylation of compounds obtained from invert sugar or lactose and other analogous compounds yielding wholly or almost wholly acetylated saccharides.
  • Example 4 Viscose rayon skeins are treated at about 40 C. for a period of thirty minutes in a solution of grams per liter of octa-acetyl-lactose in trichlorethylene, during which time the skeins are agitated in the solution. Thereafter they are removed, centrifuged and dried at about 50 C.
  • the properties of the yarn treated in this manner are similar to those described above in Example 1.
  • the sizing agent may be removed by treating the fabric with water at 90-95" C. for a period of one 110111;
  • Viscose rayon skeins are treated at 40-50" C. for a period of thirty minutes in a solution of 50 grams per liter of octa-acetyl-cellobiose in carbon tetrachloride.
  • the skeins are agitated during the treatment and upon its completion, they are removed, centrifuged, and dried at about 50 C.
  • the sizing is removed by treating the yarn after the forming or weaving of the same with water of 90-95 C. in which 3 grams of sodiumlauryl sulfate per liter have been dissolved.
  • skeins, and the like to effect binding in preparation for weaving which comprises sizing said rayon by coating the same with a stable waterinsoluble highly acetylated saccharide having not more than two monosaccharide radicals in the molecule and after weaving removing said size;
  • the prpcess of treating rayon threads, yarns, skeins, and the like to effect binding in preparation for weaving which comprises sizing said rayon by coating the same by the-application of aneaaav tylated disaccharide and after weaving removing said size.
  • skeins, and the like to effect bindingin preparation for weaving which comprises sizing said rayon by coating the rayon through the application of a solution of a stable water-inso1ubleoota-' acetyl-saccharose, and said size.
  • the process of treating rayon threads,,yarns', skeins, and the like to effect binding in preparation for weaving which comprises sizing said rayon by coating the rayon by the application of a solution of a stable water-insoluble highly acetylated glucose and after weaving removing said size.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Emergency Medicine (AREA)
  • Treatments For Attaching Organic Compounds To Fibrous Goods (AREA)
US117657A 1935-12-24 1936-12-24 Sizing of rayon Expired - Lifetime US2182887A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE466402X 1935-12-24

Publications (1)

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US2182887A true US2182887A (en) 1939-12-12

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Country Status (5)

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US (1) US2182887A (en(2012))
BE (1) BE418843A (en(2012))
FR (1) FR815382A (en(2012))
GB (1) GB466402A (en(2012))
NL (1) NL43841C (en(2012))

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2419909A (en) * 1944-06-29 1947-04-29 Harry A Noyes Method of making natural colored fruit juice

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2419909A (en) * 1944-06-29 1947-04-29 Harry A Noyes Method of making natural colored fruit juice

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Publication number Publication date
NL43841C (en(2012))
GB466402A (en) 1937-05-27
BE418843A (en(2012))
FR815382A (fr) 1937-07-10

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