US2182571A

US2182571A - Safety razor

Info

Publication number: US2182571A
Application number: US160390A
Authority: US
Inventors: Savary Jean-Baptiste Raoul
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1937-04-07
Filing date: 1937-08-23
Publication date: 1939-12-05
Anticipated expiration: 1956-12-05
Also published as: FR831341A; BE427256A

Description

JEAN-BAPTISTE R. sAvARY 2,182,571

SAFETY RAZOR Sheets-Sheet 1 Filed Aug. 23, 1937 J NVENTOR= JEAN-BAPTISTE RAOUL SAVARY ATTORNEV5 mm w 9 6.

Dec. 5, 1939.

JEAN-BAPTISTE R. SAVARY 2,182,571

SAFETY RAZOR Filed Aug. 23, 1937 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 1-7 .15. fie. 18

- IlNVENTOR JEAN BAPTISTE RAOUL SAVARY awo f ATTOR N 5Y5 Patented Dec. 5, 1939 UNITED STATES SAFETY RAZOR. V Jean-Baptiste Raoul Savary, Paris, France Application August 23, 1937, Serial No. 160,390 In France April v, 1937 14 Claims.

The present invention has for its object improvements in safety razors of the type in which the blade is held in its mean region between the cap and a guard or other seating part.

In the known safety razors the distance between the cutting edges of the blade and the guard remains constant. According to the invention it is possible to modify or adjust said distance as afunction of the width of the blade.

' For this purpose the invention is mainly characterized in that the position of the planes which are tangential to the cap and to the guard can be progressively and very accurately modified in such a manner as to cause to vary both the slope. of the cutting edges of the blade relatively to said planes and the extent of the projections which the cutting edges of the blades make on said planes.

The modification of said tangential planes is effected by a displacement of the cap or of the guard, or, again, of the edges of this latter.

In an embodiment the seating member can carry adjustable marginal elements forming the guard or, again, it can be combined with a part carrying the said elements.

The adjustable elements forming the guard can be displaced separately or simultaneously so as to enable, in the first case, different adjustments for the two cutting edges to be obtained on the same razor.

The adjustable elements can be of any type, they can be formed by eccentrics or cams which are movable by rotation, or, again, by sliding parts.

The control means of the adjustable elements can also be of any desired type. p

In another embodiment the edges of the'guard are formed by resiliently deformable blades of which the position can be adjusted.

The cap can also be constructed with adjustable edges for the purpose hereinbefore indicated.

In another embodimentv a block of resiliently deformable material such as rubber, which can be more or less compressed, can be interposed between the guard or the seating member and the blade which is pressed against the cap. I

The invention further covers other particular points which will appear in the following text made with reference to the accompanying draw! ings which is given by way of example only and in which:

Fig. l is an elevation in axial section of a safety razor constructed according to the invention, said section being taken along the line II of Fig. 2.

Fig. 2 is a side view corresponding to the previous figure. g

Fig. 3 is a plan corresponding to Fig. 1 with a partial section taken along the line IIIIII of Fig. 1. t

Fig. 4 is a side View, in partial section, of a modification of construction. Y

Fig. 5 is a side view, in partial section, of another form of construction.

Fig. 6 is a partial view in sectiontaken along the line VIVI of the previous figure.

Fig. 7 is a transverse section of a modification of construction of a movable element forming a guard, said section being taken along the line VII-VII of Fig. 8.

Fig. 8 is a section taken along the line VIIIVIII of the previous figure.

Fig. 9 is an embodiment, with partial sections, showing a device ensuring the watertightness of the inside of the rotating element forming a guard.

Fig. 10 shows a device having an external cursor for controlling the rotating element.

Figs. 11 and 12 are transverse sections of rotating elements.

Figs. 13-20 illustrate other embodiments of razors constructed according to the invention.

Fig. 21 is a side View of another embodiment.

Fig. 22 is a plan in section along the line XXII--XXII of the previous figure.

Fig. 23 is a partial view of a modification of the construction illustrated in Figures 21 and 22.

The razor more particularly shown in Figs. .1, 2 and 3, comprises a cap I, a seating member 2,

a supports for the guards and a handle 4 at the end of which is screwed a threaded head 5 secured to the cap. I

The blade 6 is clamped in its mean longitudinal region, between the cap I and the seating member 2, the support 3 being held in an adjustable manner by screws 1 on the end lugs 2 of the seating member 2.

According to a particularly important point of the present invention, the guards of the. razor are formed in the example of Figs. 1, 2 and 3 by eccentric rollers 8. Said rollers are constructed with a longitudinal eccentric bore in which are en gaged, on the one hand a longitudinal slit tube 9 for the passage of the operative end of a cursor l0, and on the other hand a threaded shaft I I on which is mounted the said cursor. The latter engages with its operative end in a helicalor like groove l4 provided in the bore of the roller 8. The slit tube 9 is rigidly fixed to the support 3, and the shaft I [terminates at'its ends by operat- 1 ing knobs l5. By acting on the knobs 15, the shafts II are displaced in rotation and consequently the cursors l which are mounted on said shafts are displaced in translation, thereby causing an angular adjustment of the eccentric rollers 8 forming the guards of the razor. In a modification of construction of the device illustrated in Figs. 1, 2 and 3, the groove of the roller can be longitudinal, the groove of the tube being in that case helical.

In the previously described razor, the two rollers 8 can be adjusted independently of each other, the adjustments shown being different in Fig. 2.

In said figure the planes P1 and P2, which are tangential respectively to the cap I and to the rollers 8', subtend with the line II difierent angles al and a2. The adjustment of the eccentric rollers enables the value of the projections formed by the cutting edges of the blade on said planes, to be modified relatively to the planes P1 and P2, as well as the angles which said cutting edges subtend with said planes.

4 illustrates a modification of construction of the first form described. The eccentric rollers 8 are rotatably mounted direct on the shafts II and are locked in position by nuts is. This adjusting device by means of the direct action on the rollers 8 is a very simple construction.

Fig. 5 illustrates another construction in which the previously described tube is eliminated, the rotating elements 8 which form the guards having the shape of cams. The axis of the cursor i0 is eccentric relatively to the axis of the cam 8. The cursor slides on a threaded rod l l and penetrates into a helical groove M of the element 8. It will be observed that the watertightness of the inside of the cam is ensured by locking this latter at its ends against its support.

Figs. 7 and 8 illustrate a modification of the construction of Fig; 5 the cursor ii) having two projections li'l which engage in two helical" grooves provided in the corresponding guard 8.

Fig. 9 shows a modification of construction in which the ends of the guards 8 are closed by parts 20.

In the example of Fig. 10 the cursor is movable by translation on a rod 22 and engages in a groove l4 provided in the periphery of the guard 8,

Figs. 11 and 12 illustrate two other forms of construction of control-means of a guard 8. Fig. 11 is a modification of the guard of the razor illustrated in Figs. 1 and 2, the same members being indicated by the same references as in said figures.

In the example of Fig. 12 the cursor in is held stationary angularly by a semi-cylindrical fixed rod 25, said cursor being displaced by the threaded rod I I.

The inside of the guard carries a helical groove, the fixed rod which is in principle semi-cylindrical having a plane face passing through its axis or parallelv to the latter. In a modification of this arrangement the fixed rod can have a helical surface instead of a plane surface, the groove of the guard being straight,

Fig. 13 shows a razor in, which the guards 8 are held stationary by screws 29. The guards can again be held stationary by bolts formed in particular by resiliently deformable blades (Fig. 14).

The hinged guards as illustrated in Fig. 15 can be simultaneously controlled by a common screw 35, the guards 8 and the screw forming a system of the worm and tangential wheel type.

In the example of Fig. 16 the hinged guards 8 have arms 36 which are displaced by screws 31 against the action of springs or blocks of rubber.

Fig 17 illustrates a modification of construction of Fig. 15; the guards forming tangential wheels are driven by

difierent worms

35 and 35*.

Figs. 18 and 19 illustrate a device for locking the guards through the instrumentality of radial notches 47.

In the example of Fig; 20 the guards 8 have toothed segments 48 with which engages a resilient locking blade, 49. I

Figs. 21 and 22 illustrate an embodiment of a razor of a simple construction and of which the adjustment can be effected with very great accuracy.

Each guard 8 which is constructed in the shape of a tubular body is internally threaded to receive a screwed rod 53 of which the ends, forming trunnions 54, are eccentric relatively to the longitudinal axis of said rod 53 The trunnions are engaged in corresponding bearings provided in end supports 55, it being possible to subject each rod 53 to a slight axial displacement relatively to the supports. bodies 8 have tails 55 terminating in heads .51 engaged in corresponding grooves 53 provided in the supports 55.

By engaging a screwdriver, which can consist of the lower removable end of the handle, in a saw cut provided in the end of each trunnion 54,

each. rod 53 and consequently the corresponding guard 8 can be angularly displaced. Two posiresponding guard 8, Each knob can have a striated portion permitting of the action of the finger asindicated at H and a smooth portion 12 on which are marked graduations intended to facilitate the adjustment of the guards by the user, a mark being provided at 13 for example. It will be observed, as illustrated in Fig. 23, that the rods 53 are smooth and that the corresponding bores provided in the guards 8 have no threads. I Furthermore, means are provided for locking each cam inany position of use.

It is obvious that the embodiments described and illustrated are only given herein by way of indication and are non-limitative. Any modifications or variations which in no way alter the main characteristics hereinbefore explained or the object aimed at, remain included in the scope of the present invention.

I claim:

1. In a safety razor in which the blade is held, in its medial region, between a cap and a seating member, in combination: a support, rollers eccentrically pivoted on said support to progressively and very accurately modify the position of the planes which are tangential to the cap and to theguards, so as to simultaneously vary the slope of the cutting edges of the blades relatively to said planes and the amount by which the cutting edges of the blades project from said planes,

2. In a safety razor as claimed in claim 1, the said rollers are provided with a longitudinal eccentric bore in which are engaged, on the one hand a longitudinlly slit tube, and the other hand a threaded shaft on which is mounted a cursor having an operative end engaged in a helical groove provided in the bore of the corresponding roller, means being provided for rig-- idly fixing the slit tube to said support, and the threaded shaft is shaped at its ends to form operating knobs.

3. In a safety razor as claimed in claim 1, the said rollers are provided with a longitudinal eccentric bore in which are engaged, on the one hand a helically slit tube, and on the other hand a threaded shaft on which is mounted a cursor having an operative end engaged in a longitudinal groove provided in the bore of the corresponding roller, means being provided for rigidly fixing the slit tube to the said support, and the shaft is shaped at its ends to form operating knobs.

4. In a safety razor as claimed in claim 1, each roller is provided with an eccentric bore for the passage of a shaft mounted on the said support, means being provided for locking each roller in any desired position on the support.

5. In a safety razor in which the blade is held, in its medial region, between a cap and a seating member, in combination: a support, two elements forming guards and rotatably mounted on said support, each element being constructed as a cam with a longitudinal bore and a helical groove, a cursor engaged in each bore and constructed with a nose engaged in the corresponding helical groove, each cursor being constructed with a tapped eccentric perforation, a threaded rod for each cursor, each threaded rod being engaged in the tapping of the corresponding cursor and rotatably mounted, so that the'rotation of each rod produces only a translation of the corresponding cursor and consequently a rotation of the corresponding cam element,

6. In a safety razor as claimed in claim 5, a second helical groove in each rotating cam element and a second projection on the cursor to engage in said second helical groove.

7. In a safety razor in which the blade is held, in its medial region, between a cap and a seating member, in combination: a support, two guard elements rotatably mounted on said support, each element being constructed as a cam with a helical groove, a cursor provided with a nose engaged in the groove, each cursor being provided with a tapped perforation, a threaded rod for each cursor, each threaded rod being engaged in the tapping of the corresponding cursor and rotatably mounted so that the rotation of each rod produces only a translation of the corresponding cursor and consequently a rotation of the corresponding cam element.

8. In a safety razor in which the blade is held, in its medial region, between a cap and a seating member, in combination: a support, two guard elements rotatably mounted on said support and each provided with an axial bore and a helical groove, two tubes, each provided with a longitudinal slit, each of said tubes being engaged in the bore of the corresponding element and rigidly in its medial region, between a cap and a seat ing member, in combination: a support, two guard elements rotatablyinounted on said support and each provided with an axial bore and a helical groove, two semi-cylindrical rods engaged in the two bores of the guard elements, two semi-cylindrical cursors having a projection, each cursor being engaged in the cut away portion-cfthe bore of the corresponding cam element, said projection being engaged in the corresponding helical groove, each cursor having a tapping,

two threaded rods adapted to rotate in said support, each rod being engagedin the tapping of the corresponding cursor so that the rotation of each rod causes a translation of the corresponding ,cursor and consequently a rotation of the corresponding guard element.

10. In a safety razor in which the blade is held, in its medial region, between a cap and a seating member, in combination: a support, parts forming guards rotatably mounted on said support and constructed as cams and having an arcuate toothed portion, and a worm meshing with said arcuate parts, so that the rotation of said worm causes the rotation of the parts forming guards.

tation of the corresponding cam-forming part.

12. In a safety razor in which the blade is held, in its medial region, between a cap and a seating member, in combination: a support, guards rotatably mounted on said support and constructed as cams, toothed segments secured to said guard and resilient blades engaged in the toothings of said segments to resiliently lock the latter in position and consequently the said guards, while permitting rotation of said guards.

13. In a safety razorin which the blade is held, in its medial region, between, a cap and a seating member, in combination: a support having bearings and grooves, threaded rods having eccentric ends forming trunnions and engaged in said bearings, and guards constructed as cams and having a longitudinal axial tapped bore for I receiving the threads of said rods, said guards furthermore having a lever arm terminating in a head engaged in a corresponding groove of the support so that the rotation of the threaded rods causes an eccentric rotation of said guards.

14. In a safety razor in which the blade is held,

in its medial region, between a cap and .a seating member, incombination: a support having bearing portions and grooves, smooth cylindrical rods having eccentric ends forming trunnions and engaged in said bearing portions and guards constructed as cams and having a longitudinal axial, bore to receive said rods, said guards furthermore having a lever arm terminating in a head engaged in a corresponding groove of the support, so that the rotation of the rods produces an eccentric rotation of said guards which are furthermore shaped to each form a cavity to accommodate a knob which is secured to the corresponding rod and which is adaptedto be actuated with the finger to displace said rod and consequently the corresponding guard, and means for locking said guards.

JEAN-BAPTISTE RAOUL SAVARY.