US2177694A - Gas or vapor discharge device - Google Patents

Gas or vapor discharge device Download PDF

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Publication number
US2177694A
US2177694A US118129A US11812936A US2177694A US 2177694 A US2177694 A US 2177694A US 118129 A US118129 A US 118129A US 11812936 A US11812936 A US 11812936A US 2177694 A US2177694 A US 2177694A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
gas
mercury
envelope
discharge
per cent
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US118129A
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English (en)
Inventor
Elenbaas Willem
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
General Electric Co
Original Assignee
General Electric Co
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by General Electric Co filed Critical General Electric Co
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Publication of US2177694A publication Critical patent/US2177694A/en
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J61/00—Gas-discharge or vapour-discharge lamps
    • H01J61/02—Details
    • H01J61/12—Selection of substances for gas fillings; Specified operating pressure or temperature
    • H01J61/18—Selection of substances for gas fillings; Specified operating pressure or temperature having a metallic vapour as the principal constituent
    • H01J61/20—Selection of substances for gas fillings; Specified operating pressure or temperature having a metallic vapour as the principal constituent mercury vapour

Definitions

  • This invention relates to gas or vapor discharge devices, and more particularly to such devices as are adapted to operate with an electrically constricted arc discharge. vention to reduce the starting potential of such a discharge device by the addition of a starting medium which does not seriously increase the loss of heat irom the discharge are to the enclosing envelope.
  • a vapor lamp such as a mercury lamp
  • a gas for example, argon
  • starting may occur at a lower voltage than would be possible with either substance ernployed alone.
  • the resonance potential of a medium is a measure of the electron energy required to raise atoms of the medium to a socalled excited condition from which they may return to the normal state with an accompanying release of energy.
  • the phenomenon of low voltage starting which is described by F. M. Penning in Zeitschrift fur Physik, vol. 46,.pages 335 et seq., is believed to be attributable to the ionization of the substance of lower ionizing potential by energy derived from excited atoms of the other substance.
  • a preferred 5 combination for use with mercury comprises a mixture of neon with a small quantity, say 0.2 per cent of argon.
  • the total quantity of the fixed gases should be less than 6 and, preferably, less than 4 atom per cent of the quantity of mercury 10 vapor present in the device during operation, and the fixed gas pressure at room temperature should be less than 18 millimeters and, preferably, less than 10 millimeters.
  • the quantity atom per cent may be defined as 1 IOOX' T in which N1 is the number of mercury vapor atoms present during the operation of the device and 20 N2 is the number of fixed or starting gas atoms.
  • Fig. 1 of the drawing shows the heat conduction from the arc discharge to the wall of the enclosing envelope as a function of the atom per cent of various starting gases.
  • the thermal conduction in the absence of a starting gas is assumed to be equal to 1. From the ordinates it can be determined in a simple manner to what extent the difierent gases increase the heat conduction to the boundary of the discharge space. For instance, a helium filling of 10 atom per cent causes an extra heat loss of approximately 6''! per cent while an argon filling of 10 atom per cent causes an extra heat loss of only approximately 18, per cent.
  • FIG. 2 illustrates schematically a discharge 'device primarily intended as alight 58 source.
  • This device consists of an envelope I in which the discharge takes place, cooperating electrodes 2 and 3 adapted to receive the discharge and an auxiliary electrode 4 useful in initially starting the device.
  • the auxiliary electrode 4 is connected to the current supply wire of the electrode 3 through a resistance 5.
  • the envelope l is placed in an evacuated enclosure 6 which is provided with a base 1 having contacts to which the two discharge electrodes are connected. During operation these base contacts are connected to a current source 9 through a series impedance 8;
  • the envelope I preferably contains about 7 milligrams of mercury per centimeter of envelope length. During operation all of the mercury is evaporated so that unsaturated mercury vapor at a pressure of about 1 atmosphere is present in the envelope.
  • the envelope contains a quantity of neon to which about 0.2 per cent of argon has been added, the pressure of these combined gases at room temperature being about 3 millimeters.
  • the spacing between the electrodes 2 and 3 is 150 millimeters while the inside diameter of the envelope I is 28 millimeters.
  • the current which can be regulated by means of the voltage of the current source 9 and impedance 8,
  • the quantity of starting gas is about 3 atoms present of the quantity of mercury vapor per cent in the envelope during operation.
  • An electric gaseous discharge device comprising a sealed tubular envelope having a pair of main operating electrodes sealed into opposite ends thereof, an auxiliary electrode sealed into said envelope adjacent one of said main electrodes, said auxiliary electrode being connected through a resistance to the other of said main electrodes, mercury within said envelope in an amount suiiicient to produce a pressure of substantially one atmosphere when wholly vaporized; and a gaseous filling within said envelope of neon intermixed with 0.2% of argon at a pressure of the order or 3 mm., in combination with means to supply sufflcient electrical energy to said device to wholly vaporize said mercury.

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  • Discharge Lamp (AREA)
US118129A 1936-01-24 1936-12-29 Gas or vapor discharge device Expired - Lifetime US2177694A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
NL474192X 1936-01-24

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US2177694A true US2177694A (en) 1939-10-31

Family

ID=19786502

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US118129A Expired - Lifetime US2177694A (en) 1936-01-24 1936-12-29 Gas or vapor discharge device

Country Status (5)

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US (1) US2177694A (en))
BE (1) BE419602A (en))
DE (1) DE750670C (en))
FR (1) FR816720A (en))
GB (1) GB474192A (en))

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
USD336929S (en) 1990-01-31 1993-06-29 Nichifu Terminal Manufacture Co., Ltd. Identification tag unit for electrical wire ends
USD333491S (en) 1990-04-25 1993-02-23 Nichifu Terminal Manufacture Co., Ltd. Set of identification tags for electrical wire ends

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
NL13401C (en)) * 1921-06-14
CH138143A (de) * 1927-12-19 1930-02-15 Inc Claude Neon Lights Glimmlichtröhre mit positiver Lichtsäule.
DE529393C (de) * 1929-02-21 1931-07-11 Patra Patent Treuhand Verfahren und Einrichtung zum Betriebe elektrischer Leuchtroehren mit Gas- oder Dampffuellung
DE657108C (de) * 1934-11-05 1938-02-25 Philips Patentverwaltung Kuenstlich gekuehlte, fuer Lichtausstrahlung dienende Hochdruckquecksilberdampfentladungsroehre

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR816720A (fr) 1937-08-16
GB474192A (en) 1937-10-27
DE750670C (de) 1945-01-25
BE419602A (en))

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