US2171916A - Oil burner - Google Patents

Description

Sept. 5, 1939. 4 R F. DEVLEQN' 2,171,915

OIL BURNER Filed April 7, 1956 2 sheets-sheet 1 n ,l a

/8 n Z7 Z9 Sept. 5, 1939. R. F. DE LEON `2,171,916

l QIL BURNER.

Filed April 7, 193s 2 sheetssheet 2 Pa sae/ i 0 em ,47- P/VEV patented seat. s, 1939 PATENT OFFICE' OIL BURNER Raphael F. De Leon, Hartford, Conn.

Application April '1, 1936, Serial No. 73,083

25 Claims.

My invention relates to liquid fuel burners.

It has among its objects to provide 'an improved igniter for such burners, whereby it is made possible materially to expedite and facilitate the lighting of the same. A further object of my invention is to provide improved accessible means especially adapted to'use in connection with such burners despite the fact that the combustion chamber or starting wick is inaccessible, vand wherein^heretofore it has been necessary Vto light and insert a taper manually between the shells in order to light the wick. Another object of my invention is to eliminate the need for such tapers. A still further object of my invention is to provide improved means for lighting suchA burners, whereby it is also made possible to eliminate the smoking or sooting up thereof, as Well as the blowing out of the same, all heretofore frequently experienced. Still other objects of my invention are to provide an improved fuel supply for igniting purposes together with an improved igniter wick which is readily accessible, and improved means for supplying said uid, when desired, from said supply to said wick in the desired quantity; all while providing an exceedingly simple,

' convenient and safe structure readily adapted to Figure 1 is a side elevation partially in section,

y showing one -form of my invention applied to an oil burner equipment including a plurality of burners;

Fig. 2 is a sectional view of a portion of the mechanism shown in Fig. 1, certain parts being omitted or broken away to facilitate illustration;

Fig. 3 is anenlarged detail sectional view of the igniting wick and the supply connection therefor;

mechanism shown in Figs. land 2;

Fig. 5 is aview similar to Fig. 3 and showing a modified construction for igniting a plurality of burner wicks of the same burner;

Fig. 6 is a view similar to Fig. 1, showing a modied construction embodying a modied form of igniting wick'having a modified bottom fuel' Supply;

Fig. 7 is an enlarged sectional view, showing Fig.4 is an enlarged sectional view of the pum-p thewiclr and fuel supply connections usedv in Fig. 6;

Fig. 8 is an enlarged sectional view of the pump used in connection with Fig. 6, and

Fig. 9 is a detail sectional view of a modified 5 form of pump mechanism.

Referring flrst to the illustrative structure shown in Figs. 1 to 4, it will be noted that I have therein shown a. burner installation including a fuel`rservoir I of a usual type and supplying l0 fuel through pipe connections 2 in a usual manner by gravity through the bottom of usual channeled burner bases 3, herein comprising parts of burners of a usual distillate type, generally indicated at 4 and 5, and'having usual starting wicks, indicated at 6, between one or more of the usual perforated shells 1; improved mechanism herein being provided whereby fuel for igniting one or more of the wicks 6 is' supplied thereto in such an improved manner as to enable the same to be ignited from .20 the top of thefburnen i. e., at the top of vthe shells 'I which constitute the flue, all as' hereinafter more fully described. Referring more particularly to Figs. 1 and 4;

it will be noted-that the supply line 2 is connected at the reservoir side of a usual metering valve 8 therein, through a pipe 9 to a pump cylinder I0, herein suitably adjustably carried, as by aband II, at the desired height on 'any conven ient support such, for example, as a usual reservoir supporting column I2. Herein, it will be noted that a piston I3 is disposed in the cylinder III and normally vis pressed downward into the bottom of the cylinder by a spring I4 coiled about a piston rod I5 and acting between the piston I3 and'the top of the cylinder. As shown, this rod I5 is also provided with an operating member I6 permitting the same to be drawn up and `released for return to its bottom position by the spring I4, this operating member herein being in the form of al ring, while the rod may also, if desired, be suitably packed, as indicated at I'I.. Be-

low the piston I3, and preferably in a base I8, linlet and outlet check valve means of any suitable construction are provided. These, in the .45 illustrative structure, are of like construction but reversed and each includes a cage member I9 in which a ball 2 0 and coiled spring 2| are disposed, controlling the'iiow through passagesv22 and 23 in the member I9. As shown, one of these valves,A generally indicated at A, is placed between the pipe 9 land an inlet port 24 leading into the bottom of the .cylinder III, while the other valve, generally indicated atB, is placedbetween an-outlet port 2 5 leading out of the bottom of the cylinder and an outlet pipe 26.

Thus, it will be evident that whenever the piston I3 is pulled up, a charge of igniting fuel will be drawn from the pipe 2 through the pipe 9 up through the valve A, in such manner as to fill the lcylinder III, the valve B or outlet valve being it will be noted that herein the pipe 26 leadsthrough improved connections hereinafter described, to the top of one of the burners, where it supplies fuel t'o improved accessible igniting means adapted to rbe suitably ignited as, for example, by a match, and further, are also adapted to carry the ame down between adjacent shells 1, herein the outer pair, to the wicks 6 between the same. Herein, I have shown in Figs. 1 to l such igniting means and connections for one wick of each of the burners 4 and 5 and both of these igniting means supplied from the pipe 26, but, as I am not limited to such a double construction and may also use my invention in connection with a single burner, reference willrst be had to the means associated with but the one burner 4.

As illustrated in Figs. l and 2, the pipe 26 has a valve 21 connected therein so that in one position of the valve, fuel will flow from pipe 26 through a valve port 28 into a communicating pipe 29 and up therefrom through another pipe 30 to the burner 4. In a preferred construction, this pipe 30 is of smaller diameter than the pipe 29 and leads up along the burner, suitably spaced therefrom as desired, to the top of the shells 1. There, it is provided with a hooked upper delivery end 3| delivering transversely over the outer shell and then downward inside .said shell into a vertically disposed igniting wick 32. `As shown, the latter includes an outer cover or shell of suitable non-combustible wick material of absorbent character and has within the same an inner expanding core 33. This 'is in the form of a coiled wire suitably connected at one end, as at 34, and slidable on a depending portion 35 on'` the end 3|, and extending throughout the length of the wick 32 in such manner as to permit a flow of igniting fluid to saturate the wick' 32 from the inside and also permit any excess to be delivered on the wick 8 and in the usual channels of the burner base 3 which carrythe other wickor wicks 6 and provide passage means therebetween. Herein, it will be observed that the hollow igniter member 32 thus provided has its lower end resting upon the upper edge of the wick 6 'in the base 3. l

As a result of this -improved construction, when the igniting charge is expelled from the cylinder I0 by the piston I3, the same will be delivered through the valve port 28 up through the pipe 30 and from the latter through the end portion 35 thereon into the hollow interior of the wick 32. As a result, the fuel will flow down l through the wick which, due to its 'absorbent character, will become entirely impregnated with liquid creeps down through the wick, while the excess liquid will be supplied to the wicks and channels as'heretofore described. Consequently, if, after the igniting charge has thus been delivered to the wick 32, a match is applied tov the upper end of the latter, the flame will also creep down the wick and consequently ignite the burner l Wick or wicks 6, all in such manner as quickly to effect the lighting of the burner. Here, it will also be observed that, the wick being protected between the shells, and remaining in contact with one wick 6, the construction is such as to be free from any tendency to blow out, while insuring quick and `satisfactory lighting of the wick 6, following the touching of a match to the top of wick 32, with a minimum of smoking. Attention is also particularly directed to the fact that due to the small cross section of the pipe 30 the amount of the fuel remaining in the pipe 3|, after the burner starts in operation, is so small as to eliminate the difficulty with sputtering which would result from the use of a larger pipe 3|.-

Further, by turning the valve 2`I off and the valve 8 on, it will be evident that communication between any oil remaining in the pipe 30 and the pipe 26 will be eilectually cut off and that a normal operating ow will be established from the reservoir I through valve 8.

In the illustrative structure, the valve, 21 is a plural way valve so constructed that the port 28 may be swung from communication with the pipe 29 past its off position and into communication with a pipe 31, similar to the pipe 29, and like- Wise connected through a small pipe 38, similar to the pipe 30, and having a likel connection to a corresponding wick 32 in the burner 5. Thus,

it will be evident that, after igniting the burner 4, the valve 21 may be moved into position to cut oii! communication with the pipe 30 and establish communication with the pipe 38 and operated to supply an igniting charge to the latter burner, the main fuel supply herein being established through usual twin valves 8. Further, after both burners have been ignited, communication between the pipes 30 and 38 and the cylinder IIJ and reservoir I may be interrupted by closing the one valve 21. Obviously, if desired, by using a like valve 21 of suitably modified construction the mechanism may also be adapted vsuccessively to supply an igniting charge to more than two burners. Also, if desired, the valve 21 may be so constructed, although this construction is not preferred, in such manner as simultaneously to supply an igniting charge to two or more burners for each operation of the pump, two or more simultaneously operative ports 28 then being provided in the valve and communicating at the Sametime with the inlet port or passagethereof and with-different outlets and igniters in an obvious manner.

.In the operation of the complete structure shown in Figs. 1 to 4, it will be evident that, with the main valve 8 in closed. position and the'valve 2 1 communicating with the igniter pipe of burner 4, pulling up and releasing the pump piston I3 will result inthe delivery of an igniting charge to the igniter wick 32 and burner wick 8. both of which will be saturated with oil, while the surplus v oil will run into the channels of the base 3. with.

the valye 8 then turned on and the top of the igniter wick 32 lighted, the flame will proceed down the wick 32 to the wick 6 and ignite the latter. 4Then, by further turning of the valve 21,

the fuel from its upper to its lower end as the the supply of oil 4to the pipe 30A] can be out off, and 76 upon another operation of this pump, another igniting charge may be suppliedtothe pipe 38 in ignited in a similar manner,

valve 21 will throw the same into closed position cutting olf the supply to both igniter pipes.

In Fig. 5, I have shown a modified constructionv Lwhich may be used if desired. Therein, insteadof one delivery portion 35, two such delivery portions are provided on the portion 3l of the pipe 30 and, instead of one wick 32, two such wicks-are provided, each cooperating with a different wick 6 in the burner base. Such a construction enables simultaneous igniting and saturation of both wicks 32 and both wicks 6 and may be used under certain circumstances. However, I find that the use of a single igniter Wick is adequate under most circumstances due to the connection of the channels containing the wicks 6.

In Figs. 6 to 8, I have shown a. further modified construction. This is generally similar to that shown in Figs. 1 to 4 but includes a bottom liquid supply for the igniter wick and a modied pump structure, as well as a modied igniter wick structure. Referring rst to the pump, it will be' -valve member 45 on the bottom of the pump piston 46. In this construction also, suitable check valves 41 are provided in the piston- 46, -for eX- ample, reciprocating spring connected plunger type valvesadapted to be automatically closed during lowering ofthe piston and opened during raising of the latter. Further, referring to the modified wick structure, it will -be noted that thev latter comprises a perforated tube 48, perforated as at 49 tol permit the free lateral iiow of fuel therethrough, and an outer enclosing brous cover 50` similar'tc that used on the wick 32 and saturated by said flow. In the illustrative structure, this tubular member 48 has a lower uncovered end portion 5i extendingdown along side the wick 6 and into a suitable support carried on the burner base 3. As shown, this support is in the form of an elbow 52, in one end of which the tube 5I is received and supported at the desired height, while that end of the elbow is suitably attached in an aperture 53 in the bottom of the burner base; the elbow 52 also having a reducedV passage 54 therethrough, supplying fuel to the tube 48 from a pipe 55 corresponding to the pipe 29 previously described.

In this construction, it will be evident that the general operation of the igniter mechanism will be substantially as previously described and that the wick or fibrous member 50 may also be lighted from the top. However, the igniter fuel will here be forced from the pump upthrough the bottom of the burner base and up into the igniter wick 50, rather than flowing down thewick 32, but still in such manner as to. saturate the wick 50 while also supplying fuel to the wick Band base channels. Thus, when the igniter valve 21 has been turned on and the pump has been operated, the wick may be ignited from the top as heretofore, and the flame will creep down to ignite the regular wick 6. In'practice, however, I prefer the top fuel supply shown in Figs. 1 to 4, the latter not requiring any changes in th/ burner base and the valve.

being adapted to any one of a plurality of standard burners withut such drilling or threading of the base as is necessary in the form shown in the construction in Fig. 6. It will, however, be understood that, if desired, I may use the pump of Fig. 8, in lieu of the pump shown in Fig. 4, inA the construction of Fig. 1. Further, in this latter construction, if desired, I may also substitute a wick core of the tubular construction shown in Fig. 7, although I prefer the construction shown in Fig. 3 on account of its elimination of the small holes 49 in the tubular member 48 and any possible clogging thereof under certain conditions. Y

In Fig. 9, I have alsoillustrated a modified form of pumpwhich may be used in lieu of the pumps heretofore'described, if desired. In this lconstruction, the pump is provided with valves corresponding in general to the valves A and B shown in Fig. 4, and also with improved 'tripping means for tripping these valves when the pump piston I3 is in the bottom of the cylinder I Il. More particularly, it will be observed that an outlet valve having a shank 56 and a conical closure 51, normally elevated by a spring 58, is provided with an elongated slot connection 59 on the upper end of its stem,` while a corresponding reversely disposed inlet valve 60, having a collar 6I on a depending stem acted upon., by a spring 62, is provided with a like slotted connection 63 above and controlling the inlet port 64 and the outlet valve 51 controlling an outlet port 65, and across arm 66 pivoted intermediate its ends at 61 and having pins 68 and 69 received in the slot connections 63 and 5,9 respectively, and an upstanding arm 10 on the cross memberji projecting into the path of the piston I3, the valves 60 and 51 will be tripped in such manner that any excess oil remaining in the vertical portion of the igniter supply pipes will ow back tothe pump cylinder until the oil level equalizes. Thus, for

example, the oil remaining in the pipe 39 will be substantially lowered in such manner as to remove any difliculty of sputtering ofoil in such a pipe even if the same is of relatively large diameter. However, due to the use of a pipe 3| of small diameter, the diiiiculty with sputtering is' found to be eliminated in such manner as not to -still maintaining the minute difference in level Thus, with the inlet valve 60 above of the liquid in the reservoir and the burner base requiredunder the fire regulations. Thus, for

example, in certain jurisdictions where this difwill creep down the wick in the space o-f a few seconds, and with the surplus of vthe igniting fluid supplied to the wick in the burner and the burner channels, the burner will be started in effective operation in substantially less time than' 4ha's heretofore been possible even with a new burner. Further, withthe ignitingcharge metered by the pump and the igniting fuel delivered between the shells and ignited at the top so that `flame must vcreep down the wick between these shells, -my improved construction is entirely safe in use. Safety is further promoted by the provision of the valve shutting off the supply to the igniter and theuse of the small riser tube leading to the top of the shells, which tube can, of course, be spaced as far as desired from the shells. Attention is yfurther directed to the fact that my improved construction, shown in Figs. 1 to 4, is adapted to use'on standard burner equipments without substantial change and with- 1 out any necessary change in the burner base or in the reservoir. It will also be evident that my.v

construction is such as tobe inexpensively produced and to be readily and quickly applied, while also being adapted to function satisfactorily over long periods without -requiring servicing. These and other advantages of my improvements will, however, be clearly apparent to those skilled in the art. l

While I have in this application specically described several forms which my invention may assume in practice, it will be understood that these forms of the same have been shown for purposes of illustration and that the invention may be modified and embodied in other forms', either with or without starting wicks, without departing from itsspirit or the scope of the appended claims.

` What I claim as new and desire to lsecure by Letters Patent is:

1. An oil burner having a flue and starting wick means therein comprising an igniting wick having an igniting portion adjacent the top of said flue and carrying igniting fuel to the .bottom of said flue, said igniting wick having passage forming core means therein below the flue top. Y

2. An oil burner having'a flue and starting Wick means therein comprising an igniting wick having an igniting portion adjacent the top of said flue, said igniting Wick having therein core forming means for saturating said igniting wick laterally and providing a longitudinal flow of igniting fuel therethrough.

3. An oil burner having a flue having a combustion chamber extending to the bottom thereof, an igniting wick adjacent the top of said ue and supplyingyfuel'to said combustion chamber, and meansfor supporting said igniting wick in operative position in said flue having igniting fuel supply means delivering to one end of said E igniting wick.

of, an ligniting wick adjacent the top of said nue and supplyingl fuel-to-said combustion chamber,

andnn igniting fuel supply'for said igniter wick including a pipe extending upward outside said flueand delivering to the upper end of said igniter wick.

'6. -An oil burner having a nue having a combustion chamber extending to the bottom there- `-of, an igniting wick adjacent the top of said flue and supplying fuel to said combustion cham.-

f ber, and an igniting fuel supply for said wick outside said due and delivering tothe upper end of said igniter wick. y

7. An oil burner having a flue, an igniting wick extending inside said flue and having anigniting portion adjacent the top of said flue, means for supporting said portion in said position, and meansfor supplying a charge of 'igniting fuel to said w'lck.

8. An oil burner having a flue, an igniting wick having an igniting portion disposed adjacent the top of said flue and delivering igniting fuel to the bottom of said flue, .and means including a pump for supplying a charge of igniting fuel to said wick.

9. An oil burner having a flue, an igniting wick having an igniting portion .disposed adjacent the top of said flue and delivering igniting fuel to the bottom of said nue, and mechanism for supplying a charge "of igniting fuel to said wick including a pump having a piston biased to charge ejectll'g 'Wick having an igniting portion disposed adjacent the top of said flue and means also supply-v ing igniting fuel into said flue below said portion, and a fuel supply for supplying a charge of igniting fuel to said igniting wick including igniting fuel delivery means delivering to one end of said wick.

11. In an oil burner having a flue, an igniting wick adjacent the top of said flue and supplying igniting fuel into said flue, and a fuel supply for said igniting wick including a pump having a piston manually movable in one direction and spring means automatically operative upon release of said piston to effect discharge from said pump.

12. In an oil burner having a ue, an igniting wick adjacent the top of said flue and supplying fuel thereto, means for supplying a charge of igniting fuel to said Wick including a pipe delivering to 'one end of saidwick, and means for thereafter automatically withdrawing from said pipe fuel remaining therein.

13. In an oil burner having a flue, an igniting Wick adjacent the top of said flue and supplying fuel thereto, a fuel supply for said igniting wick 'including a pump and a pipe receiving the discharge therefrom and deliveringto one end of said wick, and means for returning to said pump after .operation thereof fuel in said pipe comprising inlet and outlet valve means controlling the flow through said pipe and operated upon operation of said pump.

14. In an oil burner installation, a plurality of burners having combustion chambers and shells enclosing said chambers, igniter Wicks between said shells and 'having igniting .portions ladjacent the tops thereof, fuel supply connections to each of said portions, and valve means in said connections for selectively controlling the fuel supply to said wicks.

15. In an oil burner installation, a plurality of burners having combustion' chambers and shells enclosing said chambers, igniter wicks between said shells and having igniting portions adjacent the tops thereof, fuel supply connections to each of said portions, valvemeans in said connections for selectively controlling the fuel supply tosaid Wicks, and a fuel pump supplying said fuel con-- nections. f

16. In an oil burner installation, a plurality of burnershaving combustion .chambers and shells enclosingisaid chambers, igniter wicks between said shells and having igniting portions adjacent the tops thereof, fuel supply connections-to eachv er having a ue, a reservoir 25 adjacent the top 'of of said portions, valvemeans in said connections for selectively wicks, a fuel v tions, a main fuel supply for said burners having 5 the intake of said pump connected thereto, and

selectively operable valve means controlling said burners and between the latter and said intake connection. A f

17. An oil burner installation including a burnout of the path of products of combustion issuing from said ue, and gniting means in said ue having an igniting portion disposed adjacent the Atop of said iiue and delivering to the bottom of said ue,

and gniting fuel supply connections delivering adjacent the top of said ue and connected be tween said gniting including connections likewise disposed out of the path of said products of combustion and operative to deliver fuel to said gnitingv portion.

18. An oil burner installation including a burner having a ue, a reservoir out of the path of products of combustion issuing from said ue, and gniting means having an gniting portion said flue and gniting fuel supply connections between said portion and said reservoir including connections likewise disposed out of the path of said products of combustion and operative to deliver fuel to said portion, saidv connections including means for automatically withdrawing from said gniting portion fuel remaining in said connection following said delivery. I

19. An oil burner installation including a burner having a flue, a reservoir out o'f the path of products of combustion issuingfrom said iiue, and gniting means having an gniting portion adjacent the 'top of Vsaid ue'and gniting fuel 40 supply'connections between said portion and said reservoir including connections likewise disposed out of the path of said products of combustion, said connections including a pipe extending upward along the outside of said iue and delivering into said portion adjacent the top of said iue.

20. A burner gniting wick comprising an externally non-innammable porous covering, and means including a coil spring forming a core w within Ysaid covering for saturating the same controlling the fuel supply to said pump supplying said fuel connec- -its upper end disposed portion and said reservoir -plied at the upper laterally and providing longitudinal flow of igniting fuel therethrough.

21. In combination, an oil burner having a base and a flue thereabove, and an gniting wick disposed in said ue and adapted to be supplied with oil while within said flue, said wick having its lower end disposed to ignite the oil in said burner base and having an exposed portion at adjacent the upper end of said iiue for lighting.

22. In combination, anv oil burner having a base and a ue thereabove, and an igniting wick disposed in said iiue and adapted to be supplied with oil at its upper end While within said iiue, said wick havingits lower end disposed to ignite the oil in said burner base and having an exposed lighting portion at its upper end adjacent the upper end of said ilue and having provision for burner base and spaced flue forming shells on said base, and an gniting wick for gniting theoil in said burner base disposed in the flue between said shells and adapted to receive fuel while within said flue, said Wick having an gniting portion disposed adjacent thetop oi said ue and having means for delivering gniting oil supend thereof quickly to said burner base while saturating said wick along the length thereof. Y

25. In combination, an oil burner having a burner base and a ue upstanding therefrom, means for supplying fuel to said base, and a fuel gniting wick in said iiue including an gniting portion at its upper end and adapted to be supplied with fuel while within said iiue comprising y fuel absorbent means having a core permittting lateral saturation of said wick and longitudinal :dow of gniting fuel therethrough.

, RAPHAEL F. DE LEON.

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