US2171746A

US2171746A - Shingle

Info

Publication number: US2171746A
Application number: US174940A
Authority: US
Inventors: Kenneth S Guiterman
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1937-11-17
Filing date: 1937-11-17
Publication date: 1939-09-05
Anticipated expiration: 1956-09-05

Description

p 5, 1939- K. s. GUITERMAN 2,171,746

SSSSS LE Filed Nov. 17, 1957 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 p 5 1939- K. s. GUITERMAN 2,171,746

SHINGLE Filed Nov. 17, 1957 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 25 H r: igF/I $19!! Wyw ATTORNEY Patented Sept. 5, 1939 UNITED. STATES PATENT OFFICE Claims.

The invention relates to coverings for roofs or other exposed surfaces and. more particularly, to sheet metal shingles.

The invention relates, in general, to a shingle 5 of the type disclosed in Guitar-man Patent No. 1,971,932, patented August 28, 1934, in which the shingle is made of thin sheet material adapted to lie flat against the underlying supporting surface, the shingle having the thereof turned up to rovide a flange-like member for the purpose of imparting an illusion of thickness to the shingle.

According to one form of the present invention, each shingle is provided with a lap portion I adapted to form a lap joint with the adjoining shingle in the same course. Thus, in such a construction, it is only necessary for adjoining courses of shingles to overlap instead of the courses once removed as shown in the aforementioned patent.

According to another form of the present invention, the shingle may be. provided with upstanding side flanges in addition to the lower end flange to impart an illusion of thickness to the side edges of the shingles. In some cases where the shingles lie close together in the same course but one upstanding side flange will be required.

The invention further contemplates providing a slit or notch in the lower transverse flange to facilitate bending the shingle about a longitudinal axis when using it as a hip shingle. In other cases, instead of having a straight lower flange, the lower flange may be made in sections angularly related. In still other cases, the lower 85 flange, instead of extending horizontally across the end of the shingle, may be arranged to extend at an angle, or obliquely. The different arrangements of end flanges are provided for the purpose of obtaining different effects, as for example, the effects of laying wooden or slate shingles at random, using broken and irregular shingles, etc.

The invention also consists in certain new and original features of construction and combination 4!! of parts hereinafter set forth and claimed.

Although the novel features which are believed to be characteristic of this invention will be particularly pointed out in the claims appended hereto, the invention itself, as to its objects and advantages, and the manner in which it may be carried out, may be better understood by referring to the following description taken in connection with the accompanying drawings forming a part thereof, in which 56 Fig. 1 is a perspective of one form of shingle;

lower edge or margin Fig. 2 is a plan view illustrating several rows of shingles shown in Fig. I laid on the roof;

Fig. 3 is a plan view of a slightly modified form of shingle of the same type as Fig. 1;

Fig. 4 is a perspective showing a still further modification;

Fig. 5 represents a variation of the type shown in Fig. 4;

Figs. 6, 7 and 8 re resent shingles having slitted or slotted transverse end flanges and showing various relations of the flange sections;

Figs. 9 and 10 illustrate shingles having obfique transverse flanges; and

Fig. 11 illustrates several rows of the shingle shown in Fig. 5 laid on the roof, the corrugations being omitted for sake of clearness.

In the following description and in the caims, various details will be identified by specific names for convenience, but they are intended to be as generic in their application as the art will permit.

Like reference characters denote like parts in the several figures of the drawings.

In the drawings accompanying and forming part of this specification, certain specific disclosure of the invention is made for purposes of explanation, but it will be understood that the details may be modifled in various respects without departure from the broad aspect of the invention.

Refs-ring now to Fig. 1, the shingle here illustrated is made of corrugated sheet metal with the corrugations running lengthwise of the shingle up and .down the roof. The shingle comprises a generally rectangular body I having a lateral extension I. The shingle has comparatively

straight edges

2, 3, 4 and 5. The lower edge or margin of the body I is bent to form an inverted, trough-like flange 6 having a toe flange or extension 8 lying in the same plane as the body I.

If desired, the shingle may be provided with nail guides, either in the form of holes or in dentations, as indicated. The edge 2 of the shingle is provided with slits forming tabs 9 and I0 which may be bent out of the plane of the shingle. Tab 9 is bent upwardly and tab i0 is bent downwardly.

To lay the shingle on a roof, siding, or other exposed surface, the surface is suitably prepared in the usual manner. If desired, the usual flashing may be provided along the lower end of the roof and the rows or courses of shingles laid course by course from the bottom up.

Referring to Fig. 2, a lower course is illustrated by A and an upper course by B. These shingles are laid from right to left, suitable nails H and I2 being provided. It will be seen that the nails II pass through the bodies I of the shingles of the underlying course and through the extensions I of the shingles of the'overlying course. Nails l2 pass through both the bodies of the shingles and the lateral extensions of the shingles in the same course. The nails l2 are protected from the weather by the shingles in the overlying courses. Nails II are protected by the overlying shingles in the same course.

Tabs 9 of the shingles in the lower courses are engaged over the toe flanges of the shingles in the upper courses, and the tabs ID are engaged under the extensions of the adjoining shingles in the same course. Thus, the unnailed parts of the shingles are eflectively held down. I

The nails II and I2 are preferably of the same material as the shingle. Either tab 9 or iii may be omitted, or both may be omitted. Or both tabs may be used together as illustrated in the drawings. These tabs perform a very useful function in holding down the weather ends of the shingles and prevent the shingles from blowing up or flapping in the wind, which would otherwise sometimes occur when a very lightweight sheet material is used.

Referring now to Fig. 3, the shingle illustrated here is similar in construction to that illustrated in Fig. 1, except that an inverted, trough-shaped flange I3 is provided on the lower end of the side edge of the body. A tab corresponding to tab 9 is provided, but the tab corresponding to tab I 0 is omitted. The remaining parts of the shingle in Fig. 3 correspond to the similar parts in Fig. 1, except that in Fig. 3 uncorrugated metal is shown instead of corrugated metal. This shingle will be laid in a manner similar to the shingle in Fig. 1. Here, in addition to the end flanges 5, the side flanges 13 are also provided and will stand in line with the spaces between end flanges.

The shingles shown in Figs. 1, 2 and 3 may be made either from plain uncorrugated material or corrugated material. In case they are made from corrugated material, the corrugations may be so arranged that the shingles may be bent about a longitudinal axis to be used as hip shingles. The corrugations in the end flanges have an accordion-like action, permitting the end flange to be bent to fit the hip in the manner explained more in detail in Guiterman application, Serial No. 734,589, filed July 11, 1934.

Withe the shingle of Fig. 1, the end flanges act to give the illusion of thickness to the lower edge of the shingle. In Fig. 3, the illusion of thickness to the side edges of the shingles is also obtained, the single side flange acting for both side edges.

Referring now to Figs. 411, these shingles are intended to be laid like the ordinary wooden shingle, although, of course, they are not limited to such use. Generally speaking, however, the shingles will be laid with spaces between the shingles in the same course and each upper course will overlap the adjoining lower course as well as the lower course once removed, as illustrated, particularly, in Fig. 11 which illustrates the manner of laying the form shown in Fig. 5.

In Fig. 4, the body, which may have a generally rectangular formation, is indicated by l6, this body being bent to form as inverted, troughshaped, lower upstanding flange 19 having a toe flange 20 lying in substantially the same plane as the body i6. Similar side flanges l1 and I5 are provided, with or without corresponding toe flanges.

In Fig. 5, the shingle here is indicated as being made from corrugated stock and the lower flange is indicated by 23 and the lower toe flange by 24, these corresponding to the flanges l9 and 20 in Fig. 4. Here, however, only one side flange 22 is provided, the use of which will be explained more clearly below. The side edges of this shingle are provided with slits forming tabs 25, the purpose of which will be explained hereinafter.

Referring now to Fig. 6 the body 21 is provided with flange extensions 28 having a slit or slot 29 therebetween. In Fig. 7, the body 32 has flange sections 33 angularly arranged and having a slit 34 therebetween. In Fig. 8, the body 31 has flange sections 38 having a slot 39 therebetween.

In the case of each of the shingles illustrated by Figs. 6, 7 and 8, the shingle may be used either as a plane shingle or as a hip shingle, the slits or

slots

29, 34 and 39 permitting the shingle to be bent about a longitudinal axis without distorting the flange sections.

In Fig. 9, the shingle body 4| is provided with an end flange 42 extending obliquely or at an angle to the longitudinal axis of the shingle. In Fig. 10, the body 43 is provided with a similar type of flange 44, the flange here being provided with anextension or toe flange 45.

Referring now to Fig. 11, the several courses are indicated by C, D and E. It will be noted that the shingles in each course are spaced from each other by. approximately the width of flange 22. The shingles in course E overlap the shingles in courses D and C, the flange 22 determining the amount of overlap. The tabs in the lower course shingles overlie the toe flanges 24 of the shingles in the upper courses, thus holding down these shingles, preventing flapping in windy weather.

In Figs. 4 11 all the shingles, except Fig. 5, are shown made from uncorrugated stock. The shingles of Fig. 5 are shown made of corrugated stock. However, it will be understood that the shingle in Fig. 5 may be made from plane stock and the shingles in the other flgures may be made from corrugated stock. In the forms shown in Figs. 6-10, the flanges are located in random positions. The entire roof may be covered with any one type of these shingles or they may be used indiscriminately to obtain the artistic effect of broken wooden or slate shingles. It will be understood that the shingles shown in Figs. 4 and 6-10 may also be provided with hold down tabs corresponding to tabs 25 and with toe flanges corresponding to the

toe flanges

20, 24 and 45.

All of the above described shingles may be made of any suitable sheet material, but they are made preferably from metal, such as copper or zinc. They may be made of a size corresponding to the ranges of ordinary shingles. They are preferably secured with nails of the same material as the shingles themselves to prevent danger of electrolysis.

It is obvious that the shingles shown in Figs. 4, 5, 9 and 10, when made of corrugated material, may be used as hip shingles. When using any of the above shingles as hip shingles it is only necessary to select the proper type of corrugations to obtain the accordion-like action of the end flanges in bending, as illustrated, for example, in the Guiterman application, above referred to. When corrugated, it is preferable that the corrugations be sufficiently small so that all parts of the bodies of the shingles may lie flat against the roof to minimize the chance of water and wind heating under the shingles.

The shingles above described are well adapted to give many beautiful roof efiects. They may be used to advantage to simulate ordinary wooden shingles, slate shingles or tiling. The end flanges may have a height corresponding to less than, equal to, or greater than, the thickness of the butt edge of the type of shingle it is desired to simulate. The transverse end flanges, and the side flanges if used, serve to give an illusion of thickness to the thin metal shingles. At the same time the advantage of having the body of the shingle lying flat against and close to the supporting surface is obtained.

Corrugated material or plain material may be used depending upon the effect desired. The corrugations in some cases act to break up the flat appearance which uncorrugated metal sometimes has. The corrugations add a softness to the appearance of the shingles, which cooperate with the upstanding flanges to perfect an illusion of thickness.

The above advantages are obtained without sacrificing the advantages of easy manufacture, easy laying, absence of complicated interlocks between shingles, water-tightened and fire resistance.

While certain novel features of the invention have been disclosed and are pointed out in the annexed claims, it will be understood that various omissions, substitutions and changes may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the invention.

What is claimed is:

1. In a shingled surface, a plurality of courses of shingles, each shingle being made from sheet material and comprising a body having its lower margin bent to form an upstanding flange-like member, and an extension attached to a side of said body extending beyond said flange-like member, the bodies of the shingles in each course forming lap joints with the extensions of adjoining shingles and with said flange-like members spaced apart, each upper course overlapping the adjoining lower course but not the lower course once removed, the spaces between flangelike members in the adjoining courses being staggered, said bodies and said extensions being substanially flat and lying substantially flat and close to the supporting surface.

2. In a shingled surface, a plurality of courses of shingles, each shingle being made from sheet material and comprising a body having its lower margin bent to form an upstanding flange-like member, and an extension attached to a side of said body extending beyond said flange-like member, the bodies of the shingles in each course forming lap joints with the extensions of adjoining shingles and with said flange-like members spaced apart, each upper course overlapping the adjoining lower course but not the lower course once removed, the spaces between flangelike members in the adjoining courses being staggered, certain edges of said shingles having hold down tabs adapted to engage adjoining edges of adjoining shingles, said bodies and said extensions being substantially flat and lying substantially flat and close to the supporting surface.

3. In a shingled surface, a plurality of courses of shingles, each shingle being made from corrugated sheet metal with the corrugations running lengthwise of the shingle, said shingl comprising a body having its lower margin bent to form an upstanding, inverted, trough-shaped, flange-like member, said lower margin being further bent to form a toe flange lying in substantially the same plane as said body, and an extension attached to a side of said body extending beyond said flange-like member, the bodies of the shingles in each course forming lap joints with the extensions of adjoining shingles and with said flange-like members spaced apart, each upper course overlapping the adjoining lower course but not the lower course once removed, the side edges of said shingles opposite said extensions having tabs engageable with the lower edges of adjoining shingles, the spaces between flange-like members in the adjoining courses being staggered, said bodies and said extensions being substantially flat and lying substantially flat and close to the supporting surface.

4. A shingle or the like comprising a substantially rectangular body portion, said shingle being bent to form an upstanding trough-shaped flange ertending transversely of the shingle at its lower margin, one side margin of said body being bent to form an upstanding trough-shaped flange extending longitudinally of the shingle, the other side margin of the body having a lateral extension of generally rectangular shape extending beyond the end of said transverse troughshaped flange, said body and said extension being adapted to lie substantially flat against the supporting surface, and both said upstanding trough-shaped flanges rising above the body of the shingle and being exposed to the weather on both longitudinal faces.

5. An individual shingle or the like comprising a substantially. rectangular body portion, said shingle being bent to form an upstanding troughshaped flange extending transversely of the shingle at its lower margin, a first side margin of said body lying in substantially the plane of said body and extending longitudinally of the shingle, the other side margin of the body having a lateral extension of generally rectangular shape extending beyond the end of said transverse trough-shaped flange, said body and said extension and their side and upper margins being adapted to lie substantially flat against the supporting surface, said upstanding trough-shaped flange rising above the body of the shingle and being exposed to the weather on both longitudi nal faces, said first side margin having an upwardly extending tab adapted to interconnect with the edge or an adjoini hin le.

KENNETH S. GUITERMAN.