US1450731A - Building construction - Google Patents

Description

R7 SJMACLEAN BUILDING CONSTRUCTION Filed July 51, 19 22 Patented Apr. 3, i923.

ROBERT s. MAGLEA'N,

or CHICAGO, mariners.

\ BUILDING CONSTRUCTION.

Application filed July 31, 1922. Serial No. 578,564.

To all coll-om it may concern 1 Be it known that I, honnn'r S. lllaonnAn, a citizen of the United States, and resident of Chicago, in the county of Cook and State of Illinois, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Building Construction, of which the following is a full, clear, concise, and exact description, reference be ing had to the accompanying drawings, forming a part of this specification.

My invention relates to improvements in building construction, and is particularly concerned with a novehtype of covering for the exposed surfaces ofa buildinm'. \Vhile thecovering forming a part of my invention is particularly designed for the roofs of buildings, it may be used equally well for covering the sides or other exposed surfaces of a. building.

The objects of my invention are:

First, toprovide a covering for a surface of a building, which can be easily and quickly applied;

Second, to provide a covering of flexible rooting material, so constructed that all portions of the roof are covered by at least two thicknesses of the roofing material;

Third, to provide a covering for 'a build-.

ing formed of flexible rooting material, which. is so constructed and scented to the building as to permit the portions,tl1creof .freely to expand and contract, without appreciable buckling or other undesi able distortions of the covering. Fourth, to provide a covering for a building comprising a plurality of rows of shingles arranged in overlapping relation, and means for holding down the outer ends of the shinglesto prevent them froui being blown up by the wind, or otherwise displaced f-roln their proper positions; and

Finally, to provide av coveringlof such construction as to give the light and'shadow effect of a tile roofing, without the necessity of using an excessive amount of tnc covcrii g material.

Other objects will appear as this description progresses, reference beinghad to the accompanying drawings, in which Figure 1 is a plan View of a portion of a roof constructed in accordance with my invention;

Figure 2 is a transverse section therethrough on line 22 of .Figure 1, and

Figure 3 is a fragmentary plan View on an enlarged scale.

Throughout the several views, similar ref-. erence characters will be used for referring to similar parts.

One of the objections to the use of prepared roofing, formed of sheets of fibrous material impregnated. with asphalt, or other nioisture-repellant material, is that such roofs are flat and monotonous in appearance. Various attempts have been made to overcome this objectionhy cutting the roofing material up into strips, shingles and other forms, so arranged as to give a light and, shadow effect, and thus, tocsome extent, simulating the appearance of tile roofing, but most of the proposed arrangements have been objectionable for one cause or another.

In some of these previous constructions, consider ile difficulty has been experienced through the curling of the strips or shingles. Another objection has been due to the fact that the parts of the roof are not free to expand and contract with changes in temperature. In these constructions, under increased temperature the roofing has a tendvency to? buckle at various places, thus not only producing an unsightly appearance, but permitting rain to enter. in some of these ';constructions. at certain points only one thickness of the reoiingprotects the interior of the building fr im the weather. My present invc 'ution is designed to ove"- come all of the above objectionable features of prior construction, and at the same time possesses zulvantagcous features not found in the prior constructions.

Referring to the drawings, wherein I have illustrated one embodiment of my invention, 1 have shown a portion of a roof comprising the roof boards 5, which act as a supporting surface for aplurality of strips 6 of flexible roofing material, ar'anged side by side, and in overlapping relation, the

edges ,of the strips being substantially parallel with each other. Each of these strips has formed therein. adjacent its free edge, a plurality of longitudinally spaced pairs of outwardly converging slots 7. A plurality of shingles Bis transversely arranged on,

- as is clearly I entrance to the building through each strip 6 in longitudinally spaced relation, and each of Ithese shingles is secured .to its strip by having its outer cm'ners 3 inserted. through a pair oi the slots 7, as sl'iown in Figures 1 and 2.

in constructing a building embodying my invention, the loweststrip 6 0i roofing Inaterial'is first applied to the surface to be covered; the shingles 8 are then placed upon the strip and secured thereto by having their outer cori'iers inserted in the slots 7; another strip of material is applied to the first strip in overlapping relation, and nails or other securing devices 9 are driven through the superimposed strip and the shingle and strip beneath the superimposed strip. Preferably, I locate these nails or securing devices, as shown in Figure 1, just inside of the slots 7;, so that when the next row'oi shingles is applied, the shingles will cover the securing devices. These operations are continued until the entire surface is covered.

i prefer to arrange the strips and rows of shingles in such relation to each preceding strip and row of shingles that only one row of fastening devices 9 will pass through each shingle and strip. These fastening devices being, arrangedlongitudinally of the strips transversely of the shingles, will perinit the strips freely to expand, and contract in transverse direction,and the shinglesto expand and contractv longitudinally without buckling. The slots 7 are of such length that the corners of the shingles lit loosely therein, shown in Figure 2, so as to pern'iit movementof the shinglesfthrough expansion and contraction and any buckling of the outer shingles, to. changes in The slots not only perform thus prevent ends of the temperature. the function just red to but also serve to determine the no of the exposed portion of the shingles, apparent from an inspection. of

l, in which the e l-posed portions of shingles give an effect of octagonal. in is, of course, eppare-ni. "that need not be straight, and. suitably changing the different ogtical effects prefer m arrange their outer edges 8 are spaced from the edges 6? of the corresponding strips 6, thereby leaving a marginal portion of each strip exposed, which tends to exaggerate the thickness or the adjacent end or the shingle, and thus produces the light and shadow out is so much desired in. roofs formed or" prepared roofing material, From an inspection of the drawing it will be clear that at all points the surface of the 7 that by of the slots, can he produced. 1.

building is covered by at least two thiclof nesses of thecovering materiah and that it is praceic-ally impossible for rain to gain the cover pairs of outwardly the shingles so that transversely of each oi said ing material on account of the great distance which it would have to travel. It will also be apparent that with my construction, exceptionally good drainage is provided for any rain which. may work upwardly slight distances beneath the strips or the shingles, and that there is, danger of an accumulation of either water, frost, or ice beneath portions of the roof.

By making the strips of onecolor, and the shingles of another or othercolors, the light and shadow efl'ect can be considerably in creased,

l Vhile l have described my invention in connection with the roof of a building, it'is to be clearly understood thatmy invention isnot limited to this use, but can be used for covering the sides, or anyother exposed surface of a building or other structure.

It is also-to be understoodthat my invention is not limited to the details of construction described, but is capable of other adaptations and modifications Within the scope of the appended claims.

Having thus described my invention, What I claim is new and desire to secure by Letters Patent of thoUnited States is:

l. The combination with a. supporting surface of a' lglurality of strips of flexible roofing material arranged on said surface in overlapping relation, thefree edges :of said strips being; substantially parallel, said strips being provided at spaced intervals and adjacent their free edges with a plurality of raiity of rectangular shingles extending transversely of each of said stripsin spaced relation, each ofv said shingles having? its converging slots, a plu-' therefore vei little' outer corners loosely inserted in one or said pairs of slots, and a. nail driven through each of said strips and thcfnext adjacent strip, its superimposed shihgleand's'aid supporti'ng surface, adjacent each or said slots,'the hQfidg'Qf said nail being concealed by the shingle having is corner secured in said last named slot 2. The cembinetion with a supgiorting surface of a plurality ofstr'ips of flexible roofing material 1 arranged on'said surface in overlap iing relation, the free edges of said strips being substantially parallel, said-strips being providedat spaced intervals and adjacenctheir free edges with a plurality of pairs of outwardly converging slots, a plurality of rectangular shingles. extending strips in spaced relation, each of said shingles having its outer corners loosely inserted in one of pairs of slots and means for securing said strips and shingles to said surface.

overlapping relation the free edges of said strip-s substantially parallel, said 8. Thevcombination With a supporting sur strips being provided at spaced intervals with a plurality of airs of outwardly converging slots, a p urality of rectangular shingles extending transversely of each of said'strips, each of said shingles having its outer corners'loosely inserted'in one of said pairs of slots, and means for securing said strips and shingles to said surface.

4. The combination with a supporting surface, of a plurality of strips arranged thereon in overlapping relation, the free edgesof said strips being substantially parallel, a plurality of shingles extending transversely of each of said strips in spaced relation. the outer end of each of said shingles terminating adjacent the free edge of the strip on which it is superimposed, and means for securing the outer end its strip comprising means 'whic-hlwill permit the outer end of saidshingle freely to expand or contract-in any direction without bfifipming detached from said strip;

5. face, of a plurality of strips arranged thereon in the overlapping relation, the free edges of said strips being substantially parallel, a plurality of shingles extending transversely of each of said strips, and means for securing the outer end of each shingle to its strip comprising means which -will permit the outer end of said shingle freely to expand or contract in any direc tion Without becoming detached from said strip.

-6, The combination with a supporting surface, of a plurality of strips arranged thereon in overlapping relation. the free edges of securing said said strips being substantially parallel, a plurality of shingles extending transversely of each of said strips, means on said strips for engaging cure the latter to the strips, and means for strips to said supporting surface.

of each shingle to 4 e combination with a supporting-sum portions of said shingles to se- I 7. The combination with a supporting sur-- face, of a pluralityof strips of roofing. arranged thereon in overlapping relatien,-a plurality of shingles extending transversely of each of said strips, and means for, securing the outer ends of each of said shin lesto its strip which determines the visible outline of a said singles.

8 The combination-of a strip of roofing material having adjacent one longitudinal edge a plurality of pairs of spaced outwardly converging slots, and a pluralit of shingles superimposed on said strip,eac of said shingles having the corners at one end thereof loosely slots. v

9. The combination of a. strip of roofingmaterial having adjacent one longitudina l edge a plurality of pairs of spaced Outinserted in a pair of said Wardly converging slots, and. a. plurality- 12. An article of manufacturecomprising a strip of flexible roofing having a jacent one edge thereof longitudinally spaced pairs of slots. I

In Witness whereof, I hereunto subscribe my name this 27 da of Jul 1922,

- ROB RT S. ACLEAN."

Witnesses: v

EMILE J. Boononors, DAGMAR PrzrnasoN.

portion of the outer end of l

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