US2165086A - Matching network - Google Patents

Matching network Download PDF

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Publication number
US2165086A
US2165086A US111643A US11164336A US2165086A US 2165086 A US2165086 A US 2165086A US 111643 A US111643 A US 111643A US 11164336 A US11164336 A US 11164336A US 2165086 A US2165086 A US 2165086A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
circuit
reactances
impedance
equal
ground
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US111643A
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English (en)
Inventor
Alford Andrew
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Mackay Radio & Telegraph Co
MACKAY RADIO AND TELEGRAPH Co
Original Assignee
Mackay Radio & Telegraph Co
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority to US22993D priority Critical patent/USRE22993E/en
Priority to NL51737D priority patent/NL51737C/xx
Application filed by Mackay Radio & Telegraph Co filed Critical Mackay Radio & Telegraph Co
Priority to US111643A priority patent/US2165086A/en
Priority to FR829299D priority patent/FR829299A/fr
Priority to DEI59650D priority patent/DE755593C/de
Priority to GB31890/37A priority patent/GB488912A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US2165086A publication Critical patent/US2165086A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03H—IMPEDANCE NETWORKS, e.g. RESONANT CIRCUITS; RESONATORS
    • H03H2/00—Networks using elements or techniques not provided for in groups H03H3/00 - H03H21/00
    • H03H2/005—Coupling circuits between transmission lines or antennas and transmitters, receivers or amplifiers
    • H03H2/006—Transmitter or amplifier output circuits
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03H—IMPEDANCE NETWORKS, e.g. RESONANT CIRCUITS; RESONATORS
    • H03H7/00—Multiple-port networks comprising only passive electrical elements as network components
    • H03H7/42—Networks for transforming balanced signals into unbalanced signals and vice versa, e.g. baluns

Definitions

  • This invention relates to matching networks and pertains more particularly to networks of this character for interconnecting radio apparatus with two-wire transmission lines.
  • Another object is the provision of an electrical network for interconnecting a radio translating device with a two-wire circuit whereby equal voltages between the two wires of the circuit and the ground will'be obtained and at the same time a 180 phase relation between the currents in the two wires will result.
  • Transmission lines can very well be balanced at the lower radio frequency ranges by the use of known apparatus and methods with satisfactory results, but as the frequency is increased difificulties are encountered which have not been overcome by the teachings of the prior art. For example, with frequencies of the order of five megacycles the problem of supplying the line with energy in a balanced manner may be satisfactorily solved by a number of methods employing air core transformers.
  • the center of the secondary oi the transformer be grounded so as to insure that the center of this coil shall be at zero potential.
  • This condition is cult to achieve however, since the grounding connection must necessarily have some physical length and consequently some inductance, this inductance being usually high enough so that the drop across the grounding wire at the higher frequencies is sumcient to produce a floating potential at the center of the coil instead of a ed ground potential, with the result that capacity coupling between the primary and secondary of the transformer resuits and produces the usual undesirable efiect.
  • I provide a network of impedances connected across and in series with the line and between line and ground which serve to balance the line, causing it to have in the two wires thereof equal currents 180 out of phase with respect to each other whereby undesired radiation from the line is prevented.
  • the line When the line is used in conjunction with a radio receiver it similarly is free from undesired pick-ups.
  • FIG. 1 illustrates a network forming one embodiment of my invention wherein two inductances and a condenser are used.
  • Figs. 2 audit illustrate other networks in accordance with my invention, utilizing two condensers and an inductance.
  • Fig. 4 illustrates alnothernetwork in accordance with my invention utilizing two inductances and a condenser.
  • Figs. 5 and 6 are diagrams used in explainrangements 3 and 4. Figs. 11 and 12 are used in further explanation of the invention.
  • Fig. 5 the voltage between the wires l-4, and 2-1, is V and the voltage between wire 2-1 and the point 3 is U, the wire 2-'
  • Theimpedance 8-5 is A
  • the impedance 5-8 is B
  • the impedance 3-5 is ('2 and the impedance 3-4, representing the transmission line impedance is P.
  • the current through the impedance A is M
  • the current through the impedance P is N.
  • the power for supplying the currents mentioned which may for example be derived from a vacuum tube, is assumed to be applied between terminals l and 2 while the transmission line, represented by impedance P, is connected to terminals 3 and l.
  • the third element must be arranged in such manner as to avoid or at least keep very small, mutual reactance between 'them.
  • the third element must be arranged in such manner that the impedance from the junction point of the inductances in Fig. 1 to ground is equal in magnitude to one-half of the impedance of either one of the inductances, and is of opposite sign. But this impedance need not be necessarily concentrated in the third element itself, that is, it is not necessary that the condenser represented in Fig.
  • circuits 3 and 6 may best be explained in connecttion with Fig. 6. This figure differs from Fig. 5 only in that an impedance has been placed between points t and a rather than between points 3 and 5. The analysis of this circuit is very similar to the one which has already been carried out in connection with Fig. 5.
  • the adjustments obtainable from this type of circuit are suflicient to take care of a fairly wide range of line impedances so that even when the transmission line is not flat, that is when it is not perfectly matched to the antenna, the tank circuit of the transmitter may still be properly loaded and the power transferred from the last amplifier to the transmission line in an eiiicient way. It has aiso been found in practice that the circuit shown in Fig. 8 is particularly well adapted for use in conjunction with .the circuit shown in Fig.
  • Fig. 9 illustrates the connection when the circuit of Fig.
  • Fig. 7 i is employed, and Fig. it) illustrates the connection when the circuit of Fig. 3 is used.
  • the network components used for obtaining balance are in the circuits of Figs. 7, 8, 9 and 10 isolated from the high direct current potentials used on the plate of the last tube, by a transformer, usually of the step-down type, and therefore these components and especially the condensers may be 1 and 2 since the method employed in connection with these circuits is applicable, with minor modiflcation, to the other circuits.
  • Q for ordinary transmitting coils is fairly well known and is usually somewhere around 150 or 200.
  • the value of K1 for this condition is 2.00. Itwill be noted that this minimum value of K1 is about 29 per cent lower than the minimum value of K for the circuit of Fig. 1.
  • circuit 1 possessed other advantages.
  • the losses in circuit l are quite low so that very often other advantages of circuit I may out-weigh the low loss property. of circuit 2.
  • circuit 2 may be preferred. The same sort of considerations apply to circuits illustrated in Figs. 3 and 4.
  • An electrical network adapted to insure that currents traversing thetwo conductors of a two, wire transmission line are of substantially equal magnitude and opposite phase comprising three reactances, two of which are of t e same sign and two wires, and the third between one of s aid two wires and ground, 7
  • An electrical network having two input terminals and two output terminals and adapted to maintain voltages equal in magnitude and opposite in sign, between each of said output terminals and a given one of said input terminals, comprising three reactances two of which are of the same sign and the third of which is of the opposite sign, the first of said three reactances being connected in series between an input terminal and an output terminal, a second of said reactances being connected between the same said input terminal and the other of said output terminals and the third of said reactances being connected between said other output terminal and the other of said input terminals.
  • An electrical network equal voltages between each of two output terminals'and a given one of two input terminals comprising three reactances, a first and a second of the same sign and a third of the opposite sign, each having a first and a second terminal, all of said first terminals being connected together, the second terminals of said first and third reactances constituting said two input terminals and the second terminals of said first and second reactances constituting said two output terminals.
  • radio translating apparatus including an amplifying tube, a two wire transmission line and means for interconnecting said apparatus and said line. so as to. minimize energy transfer between said line and the surrounding space, comprising a network of three reactances, two of which are of the same sign and the third or which is of the opposite sign, one of said three reactances being connected in series in one of said two wires, another in shunt to said two wires, and the third between one of said two wires and ground, a tuned circuit coupled to the output circuit of said amplifying tube; and means connecting said tuned circuit across two of the reactances of said network.
  • radio translating apparatus including an amplifying tube, a two wire transmission line connected thereto, means for interconnecting said apparatus and said line so as to minimize energy transfer between said line and the surrounding space, comprising a network of three reactances, two of which are of the same sign and the third of which is of the opposite sign, one of said three reactances being connected in series in one of said two wires, another in shunt to said two wires, and the third between one of said two wires and ground, a first tuned circuit connected in the plate circuit of said amplifying tube, a second tuned circuit magnetically coupled to said first tuned circuit, means connecting said second tuned circuit across two of the reactances adapted to maintain of said network, and means connecting to ground a point in said second tuned circuit.
  • An electrical network adapted to insure that currentstraversing the two conductors of a two wire transmission line are of substantially equal magnitude and opposite phase comprising three reactances, a reactance of one sign being connected in series in one of said two wires, a reactance of the same sign being connected in shunt to said two wires and a reactance of the opposite sign being connected between said two wires and ground.
  • An electrical network adapted to insure that currents traversing the two conductors of a two wire transmission line are of substantially equal magnitude and opposite phase comprising three reactances, two of which are of the same sign and the third of which is of the opposite sign, a reactance of one sign being connected in series in one of said two wires, a reactance of the 0p- ,posite sign being connected in shunt to said two wires and a third reactance having the same sign as said reactance of one sign connected between one of said two-wires and ground.
  • An electrical network adapted to insure that currents traversing the two conductors of a two wire transmission line' are of substantially equal magnitude and opposite phase'comprising three reactances, two of which are inductive and equal in magnitude and thethird of which is capacitative and has a magnitude equal to onehalf that of either of said inductive reactances, one of the inductive reactances being connected in series in one of said two wires, the capacitative reactance being connected in-shunt to said two wires and the other inductive resistance being connected between one of said two wires and ground, the impedance in ohms of each of said inductive reactances being equal to 2.828 times the resistance of said line together with said antenna.
  • An electrical network adapted to insure that currents traversing the two conductors of a two wire transmission line are of substantially equal magnitude and opposite phase comprising three reactances, two of which are capacitative and equal in magnitude and the third of which is inductive and has a magnitude equal to one-half that of either of said capacitative reactances, one of the capacitative reactances being connected in series in one of said two wires, the inductive reactance being connected in shunt to said two wires and the capacitative reactance being connected between one of said two wires and ground, the impedance in ohms of said inductive reactance being equal to 2.00 times the resistance of said line together with said antenna.
  • An electrical network having a first pair of terminals and a second pair of terminals and adapted to maintain voltages equal in magnitude and opposite in sign between each terminal of said first pair and a given terminal of said second pair, comprising three reactances two of which second pair, and the third of said reactances being connected between said other terminal of said second pair and the other terminal of said first pair.

Landscapes

  • Cable Transmission Systems, Equalization Of Radio And Reduction Of Echo (AREA)
  • Radio Transmission System (AREA)
US111643A 1936-11-19 1936-11-19 Matching network Expired - Lifetime US2165086A (en)

Priority Applications (6)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US22993D USRE22993E (en) 1936-11-19 alford
NL51737D NL51737C (de) 1936-11-19
US111643A US2165086A (en) 1936-11-19 1936-11-19 Matching network
FR829299D FR829299A (fr) 1936-11-19 1937-11-16 Réseaux électriques tels que réseaux égaliseurs
DEI59650D DE755593C (de) 1936-11-19 1937-11-19 Anpassungsnetzwerk fuer Hochfrequenzuebertragungsleitungen
GB31890/37A GB488912A (en) 1936-11-19 1937-11-19 Improvements in or relating to networks for interconnecting a two-wire transmission line with a frequency source

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US111643A US2165086A (en) 1936-11-19 1936-11-19 Matching network

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US2165086A true US2165086A (en) 1939-07-04

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Family Applications (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US22993D Expired USRE22993E (en) 1936-11-19 alford
US111643A Expired - Lifetime US2165086A (en) 1936-11-19 1936-11-19 Matching network

Family Applications Before (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US22993D Expired USRE22993E (en) 1936-11-19 alford

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (2) US2165086A (de)
DE (1) DE755593C (de)
FR (1) FR829299A (de)
GB (1) GB488912A (de)
NL (1) NL51737C (de)

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3360731A (en) * 1963-12-03 1967-12-26 Ben H Tongue Balanced-to-unbalanced impedance matching transformer circuit incorporating lumped reactance of its binding posts
US4635005A (en) * 1983-07-12 1987-01-06 Thomson-Csf Quadrupole for matching of a reactance, independently of the operating frequency
US5412355A (en) * 1993-12-03 1995-05-02 Philips Electronics North America Corporation Resonant balun with arbitrary impedance
EP1345323A1 (de) * 2002-03-15 2003-09-17 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Symmetrisches Hochfrequenz-Bauelement, Schaltkreis und Verfahren zur Verbesserung der Signalsymmetrie
US20050242900A1 (en) * 2002-03-15 2005-11-03 Hiroyuki Nakamura Balanced high-frequency filter, antenna duplexer, balanced high-frequency circuit and communication apparatus
WO2012072969A1 (en) * 2010-11-29 2012-06-07 The University Of Birmingham Balanced antenna system

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2871306A (en) * 1957-10-15 1959-01-27 Philco Corp Input coupling circuit
NL236775A (de) * 1958-03-05
CA1192634A (en) * 1982-02-26 1985-08-27 David E. Dodds Coupling an electrical signal to transmission lines

Cited By (15)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3360731A (en) * 1963-12-03 1967-12-26 Ben H Tongue Balanced-to-unbalanced impedance matching transformer circuit incorporating lumped reactance of its binding posts
US4635005A (en) * 1983-07-12 1987-01-06 Thomson-Csf Quadrupole for matching of a reactance, independently of the operating frequency
US5412355A (en) * 1993-12-03 1995-05-02 Philips Electronics North America Corporation Resonant balun with arbitrary impedance
WO1995016267A2 (en) * 1993-12-03 1995-06-15 Philips Electronics N.V. Resonant balun with arbitrary impedance transformation ratio
WO1995016267A3 (en) * 1993-12-03 1995-07-06 Philips Electronics Nv Resonant balun with arbitrary impedance transformation ratio
EP1345323A1 (de) * 2002-03-15 2003-09-17 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Symmetrisches Hochfrequenz-Bauelement, Schaltkreis und Verfahren zur Verbesserung der Signalsymmetrie
US20030201846A1 (en) * 2002-03-15 2003-10-30 Hiroyuki Nakamura Balanced high-frequency device and balance-characteristics improving method and balanced high-frequency circuit using the same
US6900705B2 (en) 2002-03-15 2005-05-31 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Balanced high-frequency device and balance-characteristics improving method and balanced high-frequency circuit using the same
US20050212383A1 (en) * 2002-03-15 2005-09-29 Hiroyuki Nakamura Balanced high-frequency device and balanced high-frequency circuit using the same
US20050242900A1 (en) * 2002-03-15 2005-11-03 Hiroyuki Nakamura Balanced high-frequency filter, antenna duplexer, balanced high-frequency circuit and communication apparatus
US7176768B2 (en) 2002-03-15 2007-02-13 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Balanced high-frequency device and balanced high-frequency circuit using the same
US7224240B2 (en) 2002-03-15 2007-05-29 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Balanced high-frequency filter, antenna duplexer, balanced high-frequency circuit and communication apparatus
KR100878380B1 (ko) 2002-03-15 2009-01-13 파나소닉 주식회사 평형형 고주파 디바이스, 이를 이용하는 평형형 고주파회로 및 평형특성 개선방법
WO2012072969A1 (en) * 2010-11-29 2012-06-07 The University Of Birmingham Balanced antenna system
US9553361B2 (en) 2010-11-29 2017-01-24 Smart Antenna Technologies Ltd Balanced antenna system

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
USRE22993E (en) 1948-04-20
FR829299A (fr) 1938-06-17
DE755593C (de) 1953-08-03
NL51737C (de)
GB488912A (en) 1938-07-15

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