US2164146A - Cleaning and bleaching composition - Google Patents
Cleaning and bleaching composition Download PDFInfo
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- US2164146A US2164146A US8412A US841235A US2164146A US 2164146 A US2164146 A US 2164146A US 8412 A US8412 A US 8412A US 841235 A US841235 A US 841235A US 2164146 A US2164146 A US 2164146A
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- bleaching
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- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title description 32
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 title description 15
- 238000004061 bleaching Methods 0.000 title description 11
- TVZISJTYELEYPI-UHFFFAOYSA-N hypodiphosphoric acid Chemical class OP(O)(=O)P(O)(O)=O TVZISJTYELEYPI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 22
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 17
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 16
- 239000004753 textile Substances 0.000 description 10
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen peroxide Chemical compound OO MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 8
- PAFZNILMFXTMIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclohexylamine Chemical compound NC1CCCCC1 PAFZNILMFXTMIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000000344 soap Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 7
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 239000007844 bleaching agent Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 6
- -1 alkali metal salts Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium silicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 5
- ZGCHLAJIRWDGFE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-aminopropane-1,1-diol Chemical class CCC(N)(O)O ZGCHLAJIRWDGFE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- GSEJCLTVZPLZKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triethanolamine Chemical compound OCCN(CCO)CCO GSEJCLTVZPLZKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 4
- 235000019353 potassium silicate Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- SDVHRXOTTYYKRY-UHFFFAOYSA-J tetrasodium;dioxido-oxo-phosphonato-$l^{5}-phosphane Chemical group [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]P([O-])(=O)P([O-])([O-])=O SDVHRXOTTYYKRY-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 4
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Orthosilicate Chemical compound [O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052788 barium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910021538 borax Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 150000001642 boronic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000012459 cleaning agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000003599 detergent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000011368 organic material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000009991 scouring Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229960001922 sodium perborate Drugs 0.000 description 3
- 235000010339 sodium tetraborate Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000004328 sodium tetraborate Substances 0.000 description 3
- YKLJGMBLPUQQOI-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;oxidooxy(oxo)borane Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]OB=O YKLJGMBLPUQQOI-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 3
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910000318 alkali metal phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000010348 incorporation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- HCWCAKKEBCNQJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium orthosilicate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[Mg+2].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] HCWCAKKEBCNQJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000391 magnesium silicate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052919 magnesium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 235000019792 magnesium silicate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 125000005341 metaphosphate group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- JRKICGRDRMAZLK-UHFFFAOYSA-L peroxydisulfate Chemical class [O-]S(=O)(=O)OOS([O-])(=O)=O JRKICGRDRMAZLK-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000004760 silicates Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- WURBVZBTWMNKQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-(4-chlorophenoxy)-3,3-dimethyl-1-(1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)butan-2-one Chemical compound C1=NC=NN1C(C(=O)C(C)(C)C)OC1=CC=C(Cl)C=C1 WURBVZBTWMNKQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 102000004190 Enzymes Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108090000790 Enzymes Proteins 0.000 description 1
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000004115 Sodium Silicate Substances 0.000 description 1
- DBMJMQXJHONAFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium laurylsulphate Chemical compound [Na+].CCCCCCCCCCCCOS([O-])(=O)=O DBMJMQXJHONAFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000003082 abrasive agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- RGCKGOZRHPZPFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N alizarin Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(=O)C3=C(O)C(O)=CC=C3C(=O)C2=C1 RGCKGOZRHPZPFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940045714 alkyl sulfonate alkylating agent Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 150000008052 alkyl sulfonates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- DSAJWYNOEDNPEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N barium atom Chemical compound [Ba] DSAJWYNOEDNPEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010960 commercial process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000003298 dental enamel Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004043 dyeing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002191 fatty alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000002657 fibrous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005187 foaming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 159000000011 group IA salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012770 industrial material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910017053 inorganic salt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000013067 intermediate product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004900 laundering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010985 leather Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002736 metal compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphoric acid Substances OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003013 phosphoric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052573 porcelain Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019333 sodium laurylsulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000019795 sodium metasilicate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 159000000000 sodium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052911 sodium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004448 titration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003751 zinc Chemical class 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D9/00—Compositions of detergents based essentially on soap
- C11D9/04—Compositions of detergents based essentially on soap containing compounding ingredients other than soaps
- C11D9/06—Inorganic compounds
- C11D9/08—Water-soluble compounds
- C11D9/10—Salts
- C11D9/14—Phosphates; Polyphosphates
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06L—DRY-CLEANING, WASHING OR BLEACHING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR MADE-UP FIBROUS GOODS; BLEACHING LEATHER OR FURS
- D06L1/00—Dry-cleaning or washing fibres, filaments, threads, yarns, fabrics, feathers or made-up fibrous goods
- D06L1/12—Dry-cleaning or washing fibres, filaments, threads, yarns, fabrics, feathers or made-up fibrous goods using aqueous solvents
Definitions
- This invention relates to cleaning, bleaching and penetrating agents or compositions and to their use in the treatment of fibrous materials, of metals, glass, paint and other surfaces.
- the invention is based on the discovery of the unexpected cleaning qualities of the soluble salts of sub-phosphoric acid.
- the invention extends to various mixtures of the subphosphate with other ingredients, which mixtures or compositions have proven valuable in many commercial processes.
- An object of the invention is to provide compositions suitable for the treatment of textiles and other organic materials sensitive to heavy metal salts which prevent deposition of such salts on the organic material and the appearance of stains.
- Another object is to provide an improved cleaning, scouring and penetrating agent for industrial and household use.
- a further object is to provide an improved bleaching agent which also may have excellent cleansing properties depending upon the nature of the auxiliary substances included in the composition.
- hypophosphates employed in accordance with the present invention may be either inorganic or organic salts.
- the preferred inorganic salt is tetrasodium hypophosphate, but other alkali metal salts maybe'u's'ed'withsubstantially equal advantage.
- of the organic salts which are suitable there may be mentioned triethanolamine, cyclohexylamine, aminopropandiols and other similar compounds. These compounds may be used alone in accordance with the broader aspects of the invention, but are preferably employed together with other compounds referred to as cleaning agents in the trades.
- alkaline salt cleaning agents One class of compounds which impart valuable properties are those which render solutions of the hypophosphates alkaline or more alkaline, such for example, the following salts: soda, water glass, borax or borates, alkali metal orthometaand pyrtiphosphates, soap and other like compounds" Hereinafter referred to collectively as alkaline salt cleaning agents.
- soap other saponaceous compounds may be employed, for example, the alkali metal salts of various sulfonated oils as Turkey red oil and sulfonated fatty alcohols such as described in the Bertsch United States Patent No. 1,968,797, granted July 31, 1934, which are hereinafter referred to collectively as water soluble salts of higher molecular alkyl sulfonates" or other capillary active compounds containing on the one hand higher molecular radicals and on the other hand a radical adapted to impart solubility in water.
- water soluble salts of higher molecular alkyl sulfonates or other capillary active compounds containing on the one hand higher molecular radicals and on the other hand a radical adapted to impart solubility in water.
- the hypophosphates or the above mixtures other known foaming and superfatting agents, organic solvents and enzymes.
- Bleaching agents having very valuable properties may be obtained by mixing with the above mentioned compositions one or more oxygen yielding substances of the nature of hydrogen peroxide, perborate salts, p egsmfat,e salts, and the like.
- the beneficial action of these compositions may be enhanced by the incorporation of one or more stabilization agents of the nature of the silicates of magnesium, zinc and barium.
- the presence of soap or other saponaceous compound in the bleaching composition imparts excellent cleansing powers thereto.
- the present invention comprehends the very wide proportions of hypophosphates in the cleansing and bleaching agents.
- the exact proportions depend upon the use to which the composition is to be put and can be easily determined by those experienced in the art.
- the hypophosphate salts may be mixed with the other cleansing agent in any desired manner and at any desired point in the manufacture of the cleansing agent or during use. Thus these salts may be added to the cleaning agent in the form of a powder or as an aqueous solution. They may be mixed immediately before using or even during their use.
- the resulting compound may be prepared and sold in solid, liquid or plastic state in any one of the following forms, such as powder, flakes, threads, lumps, solutions, pastes, or as an emulsion in a suitable vehicle.
- the cleaning compositions herein-described are employed as scouring powders there may be incorporated a finely divided abrasive material such as ground sand.
- the cleansing powers of such scouring compounds are increased to a remarkable and astonishing degree.
- hypophosphates are especially suitable for the treatment of textiles and other organic materials sensitive to salts of heavy metals because the hypophosphates form water soluble complex salts with these metals which, for example, may be iron, copper or zinc salts.
- the hypophosphate prevents the precipitation of these metal compounds on the fibers and thus prevents stains from appearing thereon.
- hypophosphates are not oxidized by the hydrogen peroxide or other oxygen delivering substances.
- the hypophosphates have an outstanding stabilizing quality as compared with pyroand metaphosphates. In order to illustrate this superiority a series of tests are presented below.
- compositions were prepared containing 50% soap, 8% soda, 8% sodium perborate, 20% water, and 14% of the several phosphate compounds mentioned in the table. To determine the stability of the compositions 1% solutions of the same were heated to the boiling point and the oxygen loss determined by titration with the usual permanganate solution.
- the cleansing compounds herein described may be effectively used without harm and with rapid results in the cleaning of textiles and surfaces 01 organic plastic substances, painted, lacquered and enameled surfaces, and also glass, ceramic and metallic industrial materials of all kinds.
- the hypophosphates may be used in the form of a liquid for the treatment of raw materials or intermediate products of an organic nature, especially textiles, leather and other fibers during the dyeing.
- Example 1 Twelve parts of sodium per bqrate, parts of tetrasodium hypoph'dsphate, 10 parts of soda, 1 part ofihagnesium silicate and 50 parts of a all by weigfitfar'e't'horou'ghly mixed together in any suitable type of agitating apparatus.
- the resulting composition is an excellent washing agent adapted for use in the household and in the trades for washing textiles for laundering If it is desired to pIOdllCB a bleaching agent, the soap may be omitted.
- This bleaching agent may be advantageously used in the textile industry and in the home for bleaching after the usual procedure, or for the bleaching of fabrics during rinsing operations.
- Example 2 A cleaning composition is prepared by mixing 30 parts of sodium hypophosphate with parts of soda and 15 parts of sodium metasilicate, all parts by weight. This composition is excellently suited for the cleaning of surfaces of all kinds including glass, enamel, porcelain, etc. If it is desired to clean alkali-sensitive metals a quantity of waterglass may be added with good efiect.
- Example 3 Into a mixing apparatus there are introduced 10 parts of sodium perborate, 14 parts of tetrasodium hypophosphate, 8 parts of soda and 1 part of magnesium silicate, all by weight.
- the resulting composition constitutes a good bleaching agent, the aqueous solutions of which are well suited for use in the textile industry for bleaching fibers. These solutions are especially valuable because of the slow and uniform rate at which the oxygen of the perborate compound is liberated. If it is desired to impart cleansing properties to the composition 47 parts by weight of soap are added.
- the resulting composition is suitable for use in the household and in trade .laundries for the washing of textiles of all kinds.
- Example 4 Nine parts of sodium perborate, 15 parts of tetrasodium hypophosphate, 8 parts of soda, 1 part of magnesium silicate or other silicate herein disclosed, and 46 parts of a commercial mix ture of sodium salts of sulfonated higher alcohols composed principally of sodium lauryl sulfate, all by weight, are thoroughly mixed together. An excellent washing agent is obtained which is adapted for use in laundries as well as in the household for cleaning and washing textiles, laundry and the like.
- a treating composition for removing impurities from textiles comprising an aqueous solution of a water soluble salt of subphosphoric acid.
- a cleaning composition suitable for metal glass, paint and other surfaces composed essentially of an aqueous solution of an alkali metal salt of hypophosphoric acid.
- a cleaning composition comprising a water soluble hypophosphate salt selected from the group consisting of alkali metal, triethanolamine, cyclohexyl amine, and amino-propandiol salts of hypophosphoric acid, and at least one substance adapted to increase the alkalinity of an aqueous solution of the composition selected from the group consisting of soda, waterglass, borax, the borates, alkali metal phosphates and soaps.
- a cleaning and bleaching composition comprising a water soluble hypophosphate salt selected from the group consisting of alkali metal, triethanolamine, cyclohexyl amine, and aminopropandiol salts of hypophosphoric acid, an oxygen delivering per compound selected from the group consisting of hydrogen peroxide, alkali metal perborate salts and persulfate salts, and at least one substance adapted to increase the alkalinity of an aqueous solution of the composition selected from the group consisting of soda,
- a cleaning and bleaching composition comprising a water soluble hypophosphate salt selected from the group consisting of alkali metal, triethanolamine, cyclohexyl amine, and aminopropandiol salts of hypophosphoric acid, an oxygen delivering per compound selected from the group consisting of hydrogen peroxide, alkali metal perborate salts and persulfate salts, and a silicate salt stabilizing compound selected from the group consisting of magnesium, zinc and barium silicates.
- a cleaning and bleaching composition comprising a water soluble salt of hypophosphoric acid, an oxygen delivering per compound bleaching agent and a silicate of the group consisting of magnesium, zinc and barium silicates.
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Detergent Compositions (AREA)
Description
252. COMPOSlTlONS,
Patented June 27, 1939 I si 0534.4
UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE CLEANING AND BLEACHING COIWPOSITION No Drawing. Application February 26, 1935, Se-
rial No. 8,412. In Germany February 28, 1934 6 Claims.
This invention relates to cleaning, bleaching and penetrating agents or compositions and to their use in the treatment of fibrous materials, of metals, glass, paint and other surfaces. Primarily the invention is based on the discovery of the unexpected cleaning qualities of the soluble salts of sub-phosphoric acid. As will be made clear in the following description, the invention extends to various mixtures of the subphosphate with other ingredients, which mixtures or compositions have proven valuable in many commercial processes.
An object of the invention is to provide compositions suitable for the treatment of textiles and other organic materials sensitive to heavy metal salts which prevent deposition of such salts on the organic material and the appearance of stains.
Another object is to provide an improved cleaning, scouring and penetrating agent for industrial and household use.
A further object is to provide an improved bleaching agent which also may have excellent cleansing properties depending upon the nature of the auxiliary substances included in the composition.
The hypophosphates employed in accordance with the present invention may be either inorganic or organic salts. The preferred inorganic salt is tetrasodium hypophosphate, but other alkali metal salts maybe'u's'ed'withsubstantially equal advantage. of the organic salts which are suitable there may be mentioned triethanolamine, cyclohexylamine, aminopropandiols and other similar compounds. These compounds may be used alone in accordance with the broader aspects of the invention, but are preferably employed together with other compounds referred to as cleaning agents in the trades. One class of compounds which impart valuable properties are those which render solutions of the hypophosphates alkaline or more alkaline, such for example, the following salts: soda, water glass, borax or borates, alkali metal orthometaand pyrtiphosphates, soap and other like compounds" Hereinafter referred to collectively as alkaline salt cleaning agents.
Instead of soap other saponaceous compounds may be employed, for example, the alkali metal salts of various sulfonated oils as Turkey red oil and sulfonated fatty alcohols such as described in the Bertsch United States Patent No. 1,968,797, granted July 31, 1934, which are hereinafter referred to collectively as water soluble salts of higher molecular alkyl sulfonates" or other capillary active compounds containing on the one hand higher molecular radicals and on the other hand a radical adapted to impart solubility in water. For the preparation of compositions suitable for particular purposes there may be added to the hypophosphates or the above mixtures other known foaming and superfatting agents, organic solvents and enzymes.
Bleaching agents having very valuable properties may be obtained by mixing with the above mentioned compositions one or more oxygen yielding substances of the nature of hydrogen peroxide, perborate salts, p egsmfat,e salts, and the like. The beneficial action of these compositions may be enhanced by the incorporation of one or more stabilization agents of the nature of the silicates of magnesium, zinc and barium. The presence of soap or other saponaceous compound in the bleaching composition imparts excellent cleansing powers thereto.
The present invention comprehends the very wide proportions of hypophosphates in the cleansing and bleaching agents. The exact proportions depend upon the use to which the composition is to be put and can be easily determined by those experienced in the art. The hypophosphate salts may be mixed with the other cleansing agent in any desired manner and at any desired point in the manufacture of the cleansing agent or during use. Thus these salts may be added to the cleaning agent in the form of a powder or as an aqueous solution. They may be mixed immediately before using or even during their use. After incorporation of the hypophosphate, the resulting compound may be prepared and sold in solid, liquid or plastic state in any one of the following forms, such as powder, flakes, threads, lumps, solutions, pastes, or as an emulsion in a suitable vehicle. When the cleaning compositions herein-described are employed as scouring powders there may be incorporated a finely divided abrasive material such as ground sand. The cleansing powers of such scouring compounds are increased to a remarkable and astonishing degree.
Aqueous solutions of the hypophosphates are especially suitable for the treatment of textiles and other organic materials sensitive to salts of heavy metals because the hypophosphates form water soluble complex salts with these metals which, for example, may be iron, copper or zinc salts. The hypophosphate prevents the precipitation of these metal compounds on the fibers and thus prevents stains from appearing thereon.
When the hypophosphates are employed as Examiner 146 a, (A1 (in-..
" and other purposes an ingredient of the bleaching compositions hereindescribed very valuable properties result due to the fact that the hypophosphates are not oxidized by the hydrogen peroxide or other oxygen delivering substances. The hypophosphates have an outstanding stabilizing quality as compared with pyroand metaphosphates. In order to illustrate this superiority a series of tests are presented below.
A series of compositions were prepared containing 50% soap, 8% soda, 8% sodium perborate, 20% water, and 14% of the several phosphate compounds mentioned in the table. To determine the stability of the compositions 1% solutions of the same were heated to the boiling point and the oxygen loss determined by titration with the usual permanganate solution.
An observation of the results recorded in the above table shows that the hypophosphates have a much greater stabilization effect than the pyroand metaphosphates.
The cleansing compounds herein described may be effectively used without harm and with rapid results in the cleaning of textiles and surfaces 01 organic plastic substances, painted, lacquered and enameled surfaces, and also glass, ceramic and metallic industrial materials of all kinds. Furthermore, the hypophosphates may be used in the form of a liquid for the treatment of raw materials or intermediate products of an organic nature, especially textiles, leather and other fibers during the dyeing.
Example 1 Twelve parts of sodium per bqrate, parts of tetrasodium hypoph'dsphate, 10 parts of soda, 1 part ofihagnesium silicate and 50 parts of a all by weigfitfar'e't'horou'ghly mixed together in any suitable type of agitating apparatus. The resulting composition is an excellent washing agent adapted for use in the household and in the trades for washing textiles for laundering If it is desired to pIOdllCB a bleaching agent, the soap may be omitted. This bleaching agent may be advantageously used in the textile industry and in the home for bleaching after the usual procedure, or for the bleaching of fabrics during rinsing operations.
Example 2 A cleaning composition is prepared by mixing 30 parts of sodium hypophosphate with parts of soda and 15 parts of sodium metasilicate, all parts by weight. This composition is excellently suited for the cleaning of surfaces of all kinds including glass, enamel, porcelain, etc. If it is desired to clean alkali-sensitive metals a quantity of waterglass may be added with good efiect.
Example 3 Into a mixing apparatus there are introduced 10 parts of sodium perborate, 14 parts of tetrasodium hypophosphate, 8 parts of soda and 1 part of magnesium silicate, all by weight. The resulting composition constitutes a good bleaching agent, the aqueous solutions of which are well suited for use in the textile industry for bleaching fibers. These solutions are especially valuable because of the slow and uniform rate at which the oxygen of the perborate compound is liberated. If it is desired to impart cleansing properties to the composition 47 parts by weight of soap are added. The resulting composition is suitable for use in the household and in trade .laundries for the washing of textiles of all kinds.
Example 4 Nine parts of sodium perborate, 15 parts of tetrasodium hypophosphate, 8 parts of soda, 1 part of magnesium silicate or other silicate herein disclosed, and 46 parts of a commercial mix ture of sodium salts of sulfonated higher alcohols composed principally of sodium lauryl sulfate, all by weight, are thoroughly mixed together. An excellent washing agent is obtained which is adapted for use in laundries as well as in the household for cleaning and washing textiles, laundry and the like.
It should be understood that the present in vention is not limited to the specific details and compounds herein described, but that it extends to all equivalent materials within the tenor of the specification and the scope of the appended claims.
We claim:
1. A treating composition for removing impurities from textiles comprising an aqueous solution of a water soluble salt of subphosphoric acid.
2. A cleaning composition suitable for metal glass, paint and other surfaces composed essentially of an aqueous solution of an alkali metal salt of hypophosphoric acid.
3. A cleaning composition comprising a water soluble hypophosphate salt selected from the group consisting of alkali metal, triethanolamine, cyclohexyl amine, and amino-propandiol salts of hypophosphoric acid, and at least one substance adapted to increase the alkalinity of an aqueous solution of the composition selected from the group consisting of soda, waterglass, borax, the borates, alkali metal phosphates and soaps.
4. A cleaning and bleaching composition comprising a water soluble hypophosphate salt selected from the group consisting of alkali metal, triethanolamine, cyclohexyl amine, and aminopropandiol salts of hypophosphoric acid, an oxygen delivering per compound selected from the group consisting of hydrogen peroxide, alkali metal perborate salts and persulfate salts, and at least one substance adapted to increase the alkalinity of an aqueous solution of the composition selected from the group consisting of soda,
waterglass, borax, the borates, alkali metal phosphates and soaps.
5. A cleaning and bleaching composition comprising a water soluble hypophosphate salt selected from the group consisting of alkali metal, triethanolamine, cyclohexyl amine, and aminopropandiol salts of hypophosphoric acid, an oxygen delivering per compound selected from the group consisting of hydrogen peroxide, alkali metal perborate salts and persulfate salts, and a silicate salt stabilizing compound selected from the group consisting of magnesium, zinc and barium silicates.
6. A cleaning and bleaching composition comprising a water soluble salt of hypophosphoric acid, an oxygen delivering per compound bleaching agent and a silicate of the group consisting of magnesium, zinc and barium silicates.
WERNER REUSS. FRIEDRICH HOERMANN VON UND ZU GUTTENBERG.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE2164146X | 1934-02-28 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US2164146A true US2164146A (en) | 1939-06-27 |
Family
ID=7988081
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US8412A Expired - Lifetime US2164146A (en) | 1934-02-28 | 1935-02-26 | Cleaning and bleaching composition |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
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US (1) | US2164146A (en) |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2471645A (en) * | 1946-08-30 | 1949-05-31 | Clorox Chemical Co | Detergent composition |
US2838459A (en) * | 1955-02-01 | 1958-06-10 | Pennsalt Chemicals Corp | Stabilization of solutions containing peroxygen compounds |
US2927082A (en) * | 1956-01-19 | 1960-03-01 | Du Pont | Peroxide bleaching compositions and their use |
-
1935
- 1935-02-26 US US8412A patent/US2164146A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2471645A (en) * | 1946-08-30 | 1949-05-31 | Clorox Chemical Co | Detergent composition |
US2838459A (en) * | 1955-02-01 | 1958-06-10 | Pennsalt Chemicals Corp | Stabilization of solutions containing peroxygen compounds |
US2927082A (en) * | 1956-01-19 | 1960-03-01 | Du Pont | Peroxide bleaching compositions and their use |
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