US2162861A - Finish for walls - Google Patents
Finish for walls Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US2162861A US2162861A US170914A US17091437A US2162861A US 2162861 A US2162861 A US 2162861A US 170914 A US170914 A US 170914A US 17091437 A US17091437 A US 17091437A US 2162861 A US2162861 A US 2162861A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- plaster
- coat
- layer
- walls
- finish
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 239000011505 plaster Substances 0.000 description 34
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000004570 mortar (masonry) Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000011449 brick Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000011508 lime plaster Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000004040 coloring Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004873 anchoring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010422 painting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
- E04F13/00—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings
- E04F13/02—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings of plastic materials hardening after applying, e.g. plaster
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
- E04F21/00—Implements for finishing work on buildings
- E04F21/02—Implements for finishing work on buildings for applying plasticised masses to surfaces, e.g. plastering walls
- E04F21/04—Patterns or templates; Jointing rulers
Definitions
- Figure 1 is a fragmentary elevational view illustrating the application of an exterior finish to the wall of a frame building,'in accordance B5 with the present invention.A
- Figure 2 is an enlarged fragmentary horizontal sectional view of the structure shown in Figure 1.
- Figure 3 is an elevational view, partly broken away, of a straight edge used in carrying out the present invention for the purpose of guiding a grooving tool used to form the imitation mortar joints of the structure shown in Figures 1 and 2;
- Figure 4 is a view of the wall nish in section 5 with the straight edge and grooving tool positioned as in use to form the imitation mortar joint.
- a relati ely thick coating of rough lime plaster Ill is then applied, the plastic material being forced through the meshes of the wire netting into the space between said netting and the waterproof paper 6 applied to the siding 5.
- This rst relatively thick coating I0 of plaster completely lls the spaces and the meshes o! the netting and encloses the netting on both sides..
- such rst relatively thick plaster coating is preferably composed of one part of cement, two parts of lime and three parts of Jersey or .similar common sand. Fine graded sand is not necessary forthis coat because it is not exposed to view, and lime is used to insure a plaster having maximum adhering qualities.
- a second relatively thinner coat of plaster II is applied to the .face of the first coat of plaster I0, said second coat of plaster II being of a finer grade, suitably colored, and suitably Water or damp-proof.
- the purpose of coloring this second coat of plaster will become presently apparent, and it is damp proof to protect the rst coat II) from moisture.
- this second coat of plaster consists of two parts of ne or silver sand, one part of cement, and sufficient lye to insure damp proofing. About four pounds to Aeach bag of cement will serve the purpose, and any suitable pigment may be used to color this plaster for the second coat.
- a third and nal still thinner coat of plaster I2 is applied to the face of the second coat of plaster II, and this third coat of plaster is of a fine or smooth texture, preferably colored suitably but in contrast to the color of the second coat II.
- a -composition suitable for this third coat of plaster I2 consists of two parts of fine or silver sand, and one part of cement, any suitable pigment being used for coloring.
- theilnish is grooved'by removing portions of the plaster entirely through the third coat of plaster I2 and partly into the second coat of plaster II as indicated at I3. This is for the purpose of imitating brickwork, tiles or the like as at Il with intervening imitation mortar joints represented by the grooves I3.
- the grooves I3 are cut entirely through theA third coat of plaster I2 and partly into 4the second coat of plaster II, the second coat of plaster'II is exposed at these grooves and, due to the contrasting color thereof as compared to the color of the third coat of plaster I2, an artistic appearance may be had wherein the imitation mortar joints will present a color contrasting with the imitation brick or tiles I4 surrounded thereby.
- a straight edge I5 may be applied to the surface of the third coat of plaster I2 for guiding a grooving tool Iused to form the grooves I3.
- This straight A suitable composition edge I5 may have suitable set screws I1 carried by depending lugs IB for use in anchoring the straight edge against accidental shifting when in use.
- the grooving tool I6 simply consists of a blade having a U-shaped operative end I 9 and provided with a lateral guiding lugv 2G arranged to move along the straight edge I5 and gage the depth of groove being formed.
- the present invention provides an excellent wall nish in imitation of brick, masonry work or tiling, and the desired contrast between the colors of the mortar joints and the bricks or the like is had without separate painting or striping operations. Also, a considerable portion of the thickness of the iinish may be made of relatively rough and cheap plaster so as to insure economy in practicing the invention. It will be especially apparent that the invention presents certain important advantages over prior finishes involving only one or two coats of plaster. It might also be pointed out that the elements 6, l, 8 and 9 may be found unnecessary in practicing' the invention as applied to brick and stone walls.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Finishing Walls (AREA)
Description
June 20, 1939. 1 POLAK 2,162,861
FINISH FOR WALLS Filed 001;. 25, 1937 Patented June 20, 1939 l UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE FINISH FOR WALLS Louis Polak, Bethlehem, Pa. Application October 25, 1937, Serial No. 170,914
Figure 1 is a fragmentary elevational view illustrating the application of an exterior finish to the wall of a frame building,'in accordance B5 with the present invention.A
Figure 2 is an enlarged fragmentary horizontal sectional view of the structure shown in Figure 1.
Figure 3 is an elevational view, partly broken away, of a straight edge used in carrying out the present invention for the purpose of guiding a grooving tool used to form the imitation mortar joints of the structure shown in Figures 1 and 2; and
Figure 4 is a view of the wall nish in section 5 with the straight edge and grooving tool positioned as in use to form the imitation mortar joint.
For purposes of illustration, I have shown in the drawing the application, in accordance with the present invention, of an exterior iinish to the wall of a frame building, such wall including the usual exterior covering or siding composed of horizontal boards or planks 5. Upon the outer face of the siding 5 is disposed sheet waterproof material 6, such as the waterproof paper commonly termed tarred felt. Open work wire fabric. or netting I is then secured by suitable fastening means 8 to the siding 5 in slightly spaced relation to the latter, and where strengthening and reinforcing elements are desired, heavier diagonally arranged and crossed wires may be disposed on the outer surface of the netting 1.
A relati ely thick coating of rough lime plaster Ill is then applied, the plastic material being forced through the meshes of the wire netting into the space between said netting and the waterproof paper 6 applied to the siding 5. This rst relatively thick coating I0 of plaster completely lls the spaces and the meshes o! the netting and encloses the netting on both sides..
Also, such rst relatively thick plaster coating is preferably composed of one part of cement, two parts of lime and three parts of Jersey or .similar common sand. Fine graded sand is not necessary forthis coat because it is not exposed to view, and lime is used to insure a plaster having maximum adhering qualities.
When the first plaster coat I0 becomes substantially set, a second relatively thinner coat of plaster II is applied to the .face of the first coat of plaster I0, said second coat of plaster II being of a finer grade, suitably colored, and suitably Water or damp-proof. The purpose of coloring this second coat of plaster will become presently apparent, and it is damp proof to protect the rst coat II) from moisture. for this second coat of plaster consists of two parts of ne or silver sand, one part of cement, and sufficient lye to insure damp proofing. About four pounds to Aeach bag of cement will serve the purpose, and any suitable pigment may be used to color this plaster for the second coat.
When the second coat of plaster II is substantially set, a third and nal still thinner coat of plaster I2 is applied to the face of the second coat of plaster II, and this third coat of plaster is of a fine or smooth texture, preferably colored suitably but in contrast to the color of the second coat II. A -composition suitable for this third coat of plaster I2 consists of two parts of fine or silver sand, and one part of cement, any suitable pigment being used for coloring.
After the third coat of plaster I2 has set slightly and before the second coat II has completely set, theilnish is grooved'by removing portions of the plaster entirely through the third coat of plaster I2 and partly into the second coat of plaster II as indicated at I3. This is for the purpose of imitating brickwork, tiles or the like as at Il with intervening imitation mortar joints represented by the grooves I3. As the grooves I3 are cut entirely through theA third coat of plaster I2 and partly into 4the second coat of plaster II, the second coat of plaster'II is exposed at these grooves and, due to the contrasting color thereof as compared to the color of the third coat of plaster I2, an artistic appearance may be had wherein the imitation mortar joints will present a color contrasting with the imitation brick or tiles I4 surrounded thereby.
It is preferred to form the grooves I3 by removing portions of the plaster coatings so as to form grooves of uniform depth and width extending an appreciable distance into the second coat of plaster II. In order to insure formation of the grooves along straight lines, a straight edge I5 may be applied to the surface of the third coat of plaster I2 for guiding a grooving tool Iused to form the grooves I3. This straight A suitable composition edge I5 may have suitable set screws I1 carried by depending lugs IB for use in anchoring the straight edge against accidental shifting when in use. Also, the grooving tool I6 simply consists of a blade having a U-shaped operative end I 9 and provided with a lateral guiding lugv 2G arranged to move along the straight edge I5 and gage the depth of groove being formed.`
The present invention provides an excellent wall nish in imitation of brick, masonry work or tiling, and the desired contrast between the colors of the mortar joints and the bricks or the like is had without separate painting or striping operations. Also, a considerable portion of the thickness of the iinish may be made of relatively rough and cheap plaster so as to insure economy in practicing the invention. It will be especially apparent that the invention presents certain important advantages over prior finishes involving only one or two coats of plaster. It might also be pointed out that the elements 6, l, 8 and 9 may be found unnecessary in practicing' the invention as applied to brick and stone walls.
What I claim as new is:
1. In combination with a building wall, a sheet of waterproof material applied to said wall, at
sheet open-work metal fastened to said wall in spaced parallel relation to said Waterproof material, a thick layer of rough lime plaster applied so as to completely ll the openings in and amasar cover both sides of said sheet open-work metal and to ll the space between said waterproof material and said open-work metal, a layer of relatively thinner colored smooth and waterproofed plaster applied to said rstlayer of plaster, and a relatively thin coating of plaster of a color contrastingAwith that of said second layer applied over said second layer, portions of said second and third layers being removed to clearly reveal portions of said second layer through said third layer and produce a design.
2. The process of nishing building walls which consists of applying sheet waterproof material to said wall, fastening at sheet open-work metal to said wall in parallel spaced relation to said waterproof material, applying a thick layer oi rough lime plaster so 'as to completely fill the openings in and cover both sides o said sheet open-work metal and to fill the space between said waterproof material and said open-Work metal, applying a second relatively thin layer of colored smooth and Waterproofed plaster to said first layer of plaster, applying over said second layer a relatively thin coating of plaster of a color contrasting with that of said second layer, and thereafter removing portions of said second and third layers to clearly reveal portions of said second layer through said third layer and produce a design.'
LOUIS POLAK.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US170914A US2162861A (en) | 1937-10-25 | 1937-10-25 | Finish for walls |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US170914A US2162861A (en) | 1937-10-25 | 1937-10-25 | Finish for walls |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US2162861A true US2162861A (en) | 1939-06-20 |
Family
ID=22621787
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US170914A Expired - Lifetime US2162861A (en) | 1937-10-25 | 1937-10-25 | Finish for walls |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US2162861A (en) |
Cited By (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2595142A (en) * | 1949-02-12 | 1952-04-29 | Ce Brick Corp | Method for producing designs on building walls |
| US2602232A (en) * | 1946-11-21 | 1952-07-08 | Keast William | Apparatus for applying designs to wall structures |
| US2625747A (en) * | 1947-03-06 | 1953-01-20 | Carl N Acker | Mortar veneer template |
| US2683980A (en) * | 1945-12-21 | 1954-07-20 | Owens Corning Fiberglass Corp | Insulated building structure |
| US2819495A (en) * | 1951-10-03 | 1958-01-14 | Krausz Isidor | Method of making building blocks |
| US3503165A (en) * | 1967-06-12 | 1970-03-31 | Arrowall Corp | Prefabricated light weight panels of cementitious material |
| US4558552A (en) * | 1983-07-08 | 1985-12-17 | Reitter Stucco, Inc. | Building panel and process for making |
| US4642960A (en) * | 1984-12-12 | 1987-02-17 | Wallover Iii Edwin M | Prefabricated building panel and method of making the same |
| US4703564A (en) * | 1985-08-19 | 1987-11-03 | George Cornelius | Apparatus for forming brick and block patterns on structural surfaces |
| US5352113A (en) * | 1992-02-11 | 1994-10-04 | Alvarez Michael A | Jamb cutter |
| US8590238B1 (en) * | 2010-02-22 | 2013-11-26 | Thomas L. Polak | Artificial brick finish for walls |
| US20130318901A1 (en) * | 2011-02-21 | 2013-12-05 | Siniat International Sas | Element Resistant to Air Transfers and Thermal and Hydric Transfers in the Field of Construction, Especially for Lightweight Walls or Lightweight Facades |
-
1937
- 1937-10-25 US US170914A patent/US2162861A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (13)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2683980A (en) * | 1945-12-21 | 1954-07-20 | Owens Corning Fiberglass Corp | Insulated building structure |
| US2602232A (en) * | 1946-11-21 | 1952-07-08 | Keast William | Apparatus for applying designs to wall structures |
| US2625747A (en) * | 1947-03-06 | 1953-01-20 | Carl N Acker | Mortar veneer template |
| US2595142A (en) * | 1949-02-12 | 1952-04-29 | Ce Brick Corp | Method for producing designs on building walls |
| US2819495A (en) * | 1951-10-03 | 1958-01-14 | Krausz Isidor | Method of making building blocks |
| US3503165A (en) * | 1967-06-12 | 1970-03-31 | Arrowall Corp | Prefabricated light weight panels of cementitious material |
| US4558552A (en) * | 1983-07-08 | 1985-12-17 | Reitter Stucco, Inc. | Building panel and process for making |
| US4642960A (en) * | 1984-12-12 | 1987-02-17 | Wallover Iii Edwin M | Prefabricated building panel and method of making the same |
| US4703564A (en) * | 1985-08-19 | 1987-11-03 | George Cornelius | Apparatus for forming brick and block patterns on structural surfaces |
| US5352113A (en) * | 1992-02-11 | 1994-10-04 | Alvarez Michael A | Jamb cutter |
| WO1995018683A1 (en) * | 1994-01-04 | 1995-07-13 | Alvarez Michael A | Jamb cutter |
| US8590238B1 (en) * | 2010-02-22 | 2013-11-26 | Thomas L. Polak | Artificial brick finish for walls |
| US20130318901A1 (en) * | 2011-02-21 | 2013-12-05 | Siniat International Sas | Element Resistant to Air Transfers and Thermal and Hydric Transfers in the Field of Construction, Especially for Lightweight Walls or Lightweight Facades |
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